紧凑型MV级强流加速器输出开关

 介绍了一种水介质脉冲形成线强流电子束加速器的输出开关的设计和实验结果。水介质脉冲形成线为单同轴螺旋结构,阻抗约9 Ω,充电电压为1.2 MV,匹配负载输出电压600 kV,脉冲宽度100 ns,形成线长度1.1 m,最大外径35 cm。输出开关采用简单的自击穿火花开关形式,主要采用了以下设计原则：（1）电极间隙的场增强因子小于1.4,使SF6的击穿电压 压强曲线尽可能线性;（2）电极间平均场强300 kV/cm,大于材料沿面界面场强的3倍以上,避免发生沿面闪络;（3）控制各结合点的场强,使其小于30 kV/cm;（4）减少开关室的体积,以保证最大的机械强度。该开关结构紧凑,总长度为12 cm,电感小于100 nH、击穿电压和气压的线性关系好,可在0.3~1.2 MV的较宽范围内调节。实验中开关运行稳定可靠,达到了设计要求。     

Add/drop channel filter based on two parallel long-period fiber gratings coupler

A wavelength-selective coupler constructed with two parallel long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) was investigated thoroughly. Both the numerical and experimental results verified that the filter response could be improved by adjusting the UV refractive modulation of the gratings and by controlling the external surrounding. And an add/drop channel filter with high efficiency and good spectral characteristic was achieved even though the claddings of the two gratings were not processed. This feature is very favorable to simplify the fabrication process.     

Determination of Feasible Muscle Forces in Human Walking Using Static Optimization and Hill's Muscle Dynamics Constraints

Static optimization is a widely used technique for solving the redundant problem of muscle-force determination for given inverse dynamics. There are different cost functions, such as minimal metabolic energy, minimal forces, minimal fatigue, which lead to different results. One problem in this setting is that the resulting time histories of the ensuing equilibrium forces may not be feasible with respect to the muscle dynamics, i.e., the resulting force gradients at the muscle cannot be reproduced by the dynamics of the corresponding muscle. In this paper, a combined method is presented which takes into account the limitations induced by the muscle dynamics by applying static optimization techniques at each time step and prescribing minimal and maximal constraints for the forces by extrapolating the force values from previous steps using feasible muscle activation values. Thus, both the advantages of fast static optimization and the guarantee of feasible time histories of the muscle forces can be achieved. Moreover, joint forces turn out to be 20–40% higher in swing phase than those predicted with classical static optimization. (© 2009 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

巯基葡聚糖凝胶分离富集微乳液增敏三甲氧基苯基荧光酮光度法测定痕量锌

研究了微乳液介质中 ,pH =10 .4时 ,锌与三甲氧基苯基荧光酮 (TM PF)显色生成稳定的 1∶2络合物 ,于 5 80nm处摩尔吸光系数为 2 .94× 10 5L·mol-1·cm-1,锌含量在 0～ 0 .4g/L范围内符合比耳定律。引入微乳液介质 ,显著改善了锌的显色条件 ,使体系灵敏度提高。采用吸附容量大 ,且机械性能好的巯基葡聚糖凝胶分离富集 ,消除了共存离子的干扰 ,降低了测定体系的检出限。用所拟方法测定了施尔康药品、奶粉、味精、血清、尿样和发样中的锌 ,相对标准偏差低于 3.7% ;回收率在 95 .2 %～ 10 5 %。     

微乳液增敏钼(Ⅵ)-3′,5′-二溴水杨基荧光酮络合物光谱探针测定蛋白质

研究了在乳化剂OP微乳液介质中钼（Ⅵ）-3′,5′-二溴水杨基荧光酮(3′,5′-DBSF)-蛋白质体系的相互作用和吸收光谱情况。在最佳条件下,牛血清蛋白质含量在0～10mg／L范围内服从比尔定律;同时测得络合物与蛋白质的结合数n=93。乳化剂OP微乳液引入到蛋白质的测定中提高了体系的灵敏度。结果表明：该法具有很高的灵敏度、选择性和稳定性,可直接用于人尿、奶粉和人血清样品的定量测定。     

10.6μm激光诱导扩散中热致破坏的抑制

在半导体激光诱导扩散实验中,用连续波CO2 10．6μm激光聚焦后照射基片表面。为实现局部区域的选择扩散,激光光斑半径仅数十微米。要使曝光区温度达到扩散实验要求,必须使曝光区功率密度很高。另一方面,Si、InP等半导体材料对10．6μm波长激光的吸收系数随温度的升高而增大,这导致实验时容易产生热致破坏,损伤基片。在分析热致破坏的产生机理后,提出了在聚焦激光束照射下,曝光区温度的数值计算方法。计算结果表明,在半导体基片初始温度为室温时,以恒定功率的激光束照射基片,曝光区温度不能稳定在扩散试验需要的温度范围。在此基础上,提出了预热基片及对曝光区温度进行实时控制等抑制热致破坏的方法,有效地克服了这一困难。这对于用激光微细加工制作出高性能的单片光电集成电路(OEICs)器件有重要意义。     

碘-淀粉光度法测定水中溶解氧含量

根据碘与淀粉反应生成蓝色络合物以及此络合物在574 nm波长处有吸收峰,提出了水样中溶解氧的光度测定法.为固定样品中的溶解氧,于碱性介质中加入硫酸锰与之形成三氧化二锰沉淀物.测定时加入硫酸使与沉淀物反应而释出所固定的氧,并立即与同时由溶液中已加入的碘化钾与硫酸反应而释出碘而使溶液中呈现蓝色.用光度法在574 nm波长处测得其吸光度.从由碘酸钾标准溶液作为溶解氧标准所制作的标准曲线上查得试样中溶解氧的含量,对显色的条件作了系统试验并选定了优化的反应条件,溶解氧的质量浓度在0.027～0.80 mg·L-1之间符合比耳定律.取3种不同来源的水样按此方法测定其溶解氧含量,所得结果与碘量法及溶解氧测定仪所测得的结果相符.     

Incompressible limits of the Navier-Stokes equations for all time

We study the asymptotic behaviors of the regular solutions to the compressible Navier-Stokes equations for “well-prepared” initial data for all time as the Mach number tends to zero, by deriving a differential inequality with certain decay property. The estimates obtained in this paper are uniform both in time and Mach number.     

无穷级亚纯函数的公共值与奇异方向

f（z）为无穷级亚纯函数,且σ（f）〈∞。本文证明了复平内存在奇异方向,f（z）与其k阶导函数f（k）（z）（k≥3）在这方向所对应的任意小角域内至多有两个不同的有穷公‘共值。     

Monolithic silica capillary column with coated cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) for capillary electrochromatographic separation of enantiomers

Monolithic silica capillary columns were prepared by a sol-gel process in fused-silica capillaries with an inner diameter of 50 microm and were modified by coating of cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate). Influences of the factors in the modification process on enantiomer separations were investigated. The prepared columns were used to perform enantiomer separations by CEC. Fifteen and two pairs of enantiomers were separated under aqueous and nonaqueous mobile phases, respectively, and most of them were baseline-separated with very high column efficiencies. The Van Deemter curve was found flat under high linear velocity of the mobile phase, which indicated favorable kinetic properties of the prepared columns. Baseline separation of a pair of enantiomers was achieved in 90 s with high-column efficiency by short-end separation under high voltage.