On the term “pH of the precipitation onset of heavy metal hydroxides”

It is suggested to take as pH of the precipitation onset of metal hydroxides the pH at which 10% of the initial amount of metal ions has precipitated. An equation for calculating this quantity is presented.     

SIMS analysis of residual gas elements with a Cameca IMS-6f ion microprobe

In this paper, we present experimental data for SIMS analysis of residual gas elements (RGEs) with a Cameca IMS-6f ion microprobe. We considered a simple experimental technique, which provides an effective separation of the secondary ions, sputtered from the bulk of a target, and from the molecules, adsorbed on the analyzed surface from the residual atmosphere. The technique needs the sputtering yield of one monolayer (ML) per second to be applied. The method improves (in more than one order of magnitude) the detection limit for RGEs in SIMS analysis, and simultaneously, provides information about the residual atmosphere at the sample surface and in the main chamber of the experimental instrument. The method provides a calibration method for an ion gauge, and can be used for SIMS analysis with a gas (O₂) flooding.     

Taking account of the mutual influence of the inverse population and the luminescence density in estimating the energy efficiency of pumping of a three-level active medium in nonsteady conditions

Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 51, No. 5, pp. 777–781, November, 1989.     

Optical and photoelectric properties of pure and cadmium-and lead-doped neodymium sesquisulfide thin films

A technique for preparing γ-Nd₂S₃ crystalline thin films through discrete vacuum thermal evaporation of a presynthesized bulk material is developed. The films deposited are doped with cadmium and lead. The reflectance and transmittance spectra of the films are measured in the photon energy range 0.2–3.0 eV at a temperature of 300 K. The frequency analysis of the absorption coefficient demonstrates that the γ-Nd₂S₃ films are characterized by an exponential absorption edge. The photoconductivity spectra and temperature dependences of the photoconductivity for the γ-Nd₂S₃ films doped with cadmium and lead are measured in the photon energy range 0.2–3.3 eV at temperatures varying from 115 to 380 K. The experimental data obtained are interpreted under the assumption that the acceptor levels formed by vacancies in the cation sublattice and compensated for by cadmium and lead donor dopants play a crucial role in the photoconduction. The ionization energy at the lead donor level is determined.     

Conditions for the suppression of spatial harmonics at a two-frequency acoustooptic interaction in the Raman-Nath mode

It is demonstrated that the diffraction of a plane light wave by an acoustic wave of fundamental frequency in the Raman-Nath mode with admixture of the second acoustic harmonic may be accompanied by a considerable change in the higher diffraction orders with numbers ±2, ±3, etc. Conditions for the selective suppression of the orders are obtained in the weak and strong interaction modes. Results of a numerical simulation are presented.     

Deuteron structure and diffractive deuteron-nucleus interaction

A nonrelativistic deuteron wave function involving the D-wave state and having a correct asymptotic behavior is constructed on the basis of the experimentally measured deuteron charge form factor G _C(q) and deuteron structure function A(q). The differential cross section for elastic deuteron-nucleus scattering is calculated by using this wave function and is found to agree with experimental data at an energy of 110 MeV. Integrated cross sections for various processes involving deuteron-nucleus interactions are also calculated. The distribution in the emission angle of the center of mass of the neutron-proton system produced in the diffractive dissociation of 110-MeV deuterons in the field of ²⁰⁸Pb nuclei is obtained.     

Synthesis and investigation of titanium diselenide intercalated with ferrocene and cobaltocene

Single crystals and polycrystals of titanium diselenide TiSe₂ intercalated with ferrocene Fe(η⁵-C₅H₅)₂ and cobaltocene Co(η⁵-C₅H₅)₂ are synthesized. The magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistivity of the intercalation compounds are measured. The results obtained demonstrate that the intercalation brings about the formation of an impurity band with a temperature-dependent width.     

Magnetron deposition of molybdenum mirrors and micrometer-thick mirror foil with an ordered columnar nanocrystalline structure

The formation of a molybdenum reflecting coating with a columnar nanocrystalline structure is studied under the condition when molybdenum is deposited by dc magnetron sputtering on single-crystalline molybdenum mirrors (substrates). The coating is found to peel off together with a polishing-induced imperfect amorphous surface layer of the substrate. This effect aids in obtaining a free mirror-like molybdenum foil. When the amorphous imperfect layer is removed from the substrate before deposition, the reflecting mirror coating has a good adhesion to the substrate.     

Influence of cobalt(III) dimethyldithiocarbamate complexes on styrene polymerization initiated by tert-butyl perbenzoate

Kinetic features of radical polymerization of styrene initiated by tert-butyl perbenzoate in the presence of tris(N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamato)cobalt(III) (CoL₃) and its adduct with iodine (CoL₃ · 2I₂) were studied. The optimal concentration ratios of the activators and tert-butyl perbenzoate, providing fast styrene polymerization at 338–368 K, were determined.