Characterization of Pyrene Photoproducts in Chloroform by Gas-Chromatography and Gas-Chromatography Mass-Spectrometry

Photoproducts resulting from illumination of a pyrene-chloroform solution using several light sources (sunlight, lamp, a pulsed laser) were analyzed by using gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry. The main photoproducts in chloroform were chloropyrene and pyrenecarboxaldehydes, and their relative yields depended on differences in illumination conditions. Chloropyrene was formed under all types of light illumination, while ultraviolet lights was required for the formation of pyrenecarboxaldehydes. Several reaction mechanisms are proposed to account for the formation of chloropyrene and pyrenecarboxaldehydes.     

Hydrolysis of 4-cyano-1-ethoxypyrimido[1,6-a]benzimidazole: Formation of a ynaminonitrile and benzimidazolidines

The title compound 4 was hydrolyzed to a new type of ynaminonitrile 5 and benzimidazolidines 7 and 9 under acidic or basic conditions. Reaction mechanisms were proposed.     

Rotational and vibrational states of excitonic molecules in CuBr studied by the two-photon-resonant Raman scattering

Excited states of excitonic molecules are found in the study of the two-photon-resonant Raman scattering. These states consist of four levels and have binding energies of 1.0–1.8 meV, which are very small compared with those of the ground states. They are considered to be the rotational and vibrational states of excitonic molecules.     

Brillouin scattering investigation of paraelectric KH2PO4 under applied uniaxial stress

The Brillouin scattering spectra of KH₂PO₄ under an applied uniaxial stress have been studied in the neighborhood of the ferroelectric transition. Dependence of shear acoustic phonon on the uniaxial stress is similar to dependence on electric field. The acoustic phonon is overdamped near T_c, but become underdamped under the applied shear stress. In the case of ΔT(= T — T_c) < ～ 0.05 K, application of stress caused a transition not to have any soft acoustic phonon.     

Extraction of alkali metal picrates by crown ethers having uncharged coordinating flexible side-chains

Crown ethers were synthesized which have a flexible, neutral side-chain capable of providing the crown ether-bound metal with an additional binding site from the axial direction. Liquid—liquid extraction of alkali metal picrates with these crown ethers was studied; the extraction is compared with that of the normal crown ethers as well as those crown ethers with a proton-dissociable side-chain. The neutral side-chain may assist or suppress the ease of metal extraction depending on the site of the ligating atom on the chain. An anionic ligating side-chain interacts favorably with the lighter metals, resulting in a net decrease in the metal extraction selectivity.     

Coupling of numerical Green''s matrix and boundary integral equations for the elastodynamic analysis of inhomogeneous bodies on an elastic half-space

A coupled system of integral equations (of the domain and boundary types) is formulated for the elastodynamic response analysis of a locally inhomogeneous body on a homogeneous elastic half-space. The method uses the fundamental solution for homogeneous elastostatics in the inhomogeneous domain owing to the lack of a fundamental solution in inhomogeneous elastodynamics.

The integral representation of displacements in the inhomogeneous domain is formulated with the help of this elastostatic fundamental solution by considering the term induced by the inhomogeneity of materials and the acceleration term as the body force term. Then the Green's matrix is obtained numerically from this integral representation and combined with the ordinary boundary integral equations, which are valid in the exterior homogeneous half-space.

Some numerical examples show the efficiency and the versatility of this coupled method.     

Second-order Raman spectra of CsCl single crystals

The second-order Raman spectra of CsCl single crystals have been measured at room temperature for different Raman polarizations and crystal orientations. With the help of the calculated selection rules for a CsCl-type lattice, observed nineteen peaks and shoulders were assigned by the critical point analysis based on the neutron scattering data. By comparing the observed Raman intensities with the thermally weighted two-phonon density-of-states calculated by using a simple shell model, it has turned out that though the measured spectra are dominantly determined by the two-phonon density-of-states, the effect of the q-dependence of the polarizability cannot entirely be neglected.     

MoCu3TeO7Cl2·0.5H2O

Single crystals of molybdenum(VI) tricopper(II) tellurium(IV) hepta­oxide dichloride hemihydrate, MoCu₃TeO₇Cl₂·0.5H₂O, were synthesized via a transport reaction in sealed evacuated silica tubes. All atoms occupy general positions within the triclinic () unit cell. The building units are irregular CuO₄Cl and CuO₃Cl₂ square pyramids, distorted TeO₃₊₁E trigonal bipyramids (E is the lone pair of Te^IV) and irregular MoO₅ pyramids. The TeO₃₊₁E, CuO₄Cl and CuO₃Cl₂ polyhedra form (110) layers bridged by Mo atoms. The water mol­ecules are located in [100] channels.