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121.
An HPLC assay of hydroxyl radicals by the hydroxylation reaction of terephthalic acid 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Linxiang L Abe Y Nagasawa Y Kudo R Usui N Imai K Mashino T Mochizuki M Miyata N 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2004,18(7):470-474
An HPLC assay for hydroxyl radicals is described. The hydroxyl radical was trapped by terephthalic acid (non-fluorescent), and 2-hydroxyl terephthalic acid (fluorescent) was quantitated by HPLC-fluorescence detection. At a terephthalic acid concentration of 4.25 mmol/L, the hydroxyl radical formed in the Fenton reaction was successfully assayed in the concentration range of hydrogen peroxide of 2.5-50 micro mol/L, where the concentration of Fe(II) was 50 micro mol/L. The fluorescence of 2-hydroxy terephthalate was stable at 24 h, and its detection limit by this method was 5 nmol/L (100 fmol). 相似文献
122.
Aoyagi Y Saitoh Y Ueno T Horiguchi M Takeya K Williams RM 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2003,68(18):6899-6904
Lipase TL-mediated kinetic resolution of (+/-)-5-benzyloxy-1-tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy-2-pentanol (5) at low temperature proceeded to give the corresponding (S)-alcohol 5 and (R)-acetate 6 in quantitative yields with high enantiomeric purity. The addition of bases such as pyridine, DMAP, 2,4- and 2,6-lutidines, or triethylamine considerably enhanced the rate of kinetic resolution. The alcohol (S)-5 and the acetate (R)-6 were converted to piperazic acid derivatives (R)- and (S)-3, respectively, via the intramolecular Mitsunobu reaction as a key step. 相似文献
123.
Shigeya KobayashiShinji Wakumoto Yoshihiro YamaguchiTateaki Wakamiya Kunihisa SugimotoYoshio Matsubara Zen-ichi Yoshida 《Tetrahedron letters》2003,44(9):1807-1810
Novel thiaarenecyclynes 3 and 4 in which two thioether units and two benzene rings are alternately inserted into the single bonds of cyclooctatetrayne are synthesized. Their unique properties are described. 相似文献
124.
Nakamura R Imanishi A Murakoshi K Nakato Y 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2003,125(24):7443-7450
Multiple internal reflection infrared spectroscopy was applied to in situ investigations of surface intermediates of photocatalytic reactions on nanocrystalline TiO(2) films in contact with aqueous solutions. UV irradiation in the presence of dissolved O(2) caused the appearance of new bands peaked at 943, 838, and 1250-1120 cm(-)(1) together with intensity changes in other bands. Investigations of influences of the solution pH, the presence or absence of hole and electron scavengers, and isotopic H(2)O --> D(2)O exchange on the spectral changes have revealed that the primary step of photocatalytic O(2) reduction is the formation of the surface peroxo species, Ti(O(2)), giving the 943 cm(-)(1) band, probably with the surface superoxo species, TiOO., as a precursor, in neutral and acidic solutions. The surface peroxo species is then transformed to the surface hydroperoxo, TiOOH, giving the 838 and 1250-1120 cm(-)(1) bands, by protonation in the dark. This is, to our knowledge, the first direct in situ spectroscopic detection of primary intermediates for the photocatalytic O(2) reduction in aqueous solutions. On the basis of the assignment, a possible reaction scheme for various processes of the photocatalytic O(2) reduction is proposed, which is in harmony with other spectral changes induced by the UV irradiation. 相似文献
125.
[reaction: see text] A concept for the development of practical glycosylation is presented and demonstrated by one-pot alpha-glycosylation applying Appel agents for 2-O-benzyl-1-OH hexoses in DMF. The reaction, in situ giving the equilibrium of glycosyl bromides and more reactive O-glycoside intermediates, accomplishes a near-quantitative alpha-glycosylation removing the water molecules. 相似文献
126.
Yoshiaki Tanaka Tatsuo Fujii Yoshihiro Kusano Yasunori Ikeda 《Solid State Communications》2007,141(3):122-126
Single-phases of Pb-substituted Bi-Ca-Co-O misfit-layer cobaltites with various Pb concentrations have been synthesized and the Pb-substitution effects on the structural, electrical and magnetic properties have been systematically investigated. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the single-phases of Bi1.8−x/2PbxCa2Co2Oz were obtained up to x=0.6-0.7 under the optimized synthesis conditions. The lattice parameters of Bi1.8−x/2PbxCa2Co2Oz continuously changed with increasing Pb concentration. The electron diffraction analysis suggested that the structure consisted of two different sublattices with a rock salt structure (RS) and a hexagonal CdI2 structure (H), respectively, without modulation. In combined with the chemical composition analysis, the chemical formulas of the x=0 and x=0.6 samples were determined approximately as [Bi1.74Co0.31Ca2.01O4]RS[CoO2]1.69 and [Bi1.47Pb0.38Co0.29Ca1.98O4]RS[CoO2]1.71, respectively. The electrical resistivity became more metallic with increasing the Pb concentration up to x=0.6. Moreover, the Pb-substitution simultaneously increased the antiferromagnetic Weiss temperatures and decreased the effective magnetic moments of the Co ions. 相似文献
127.
High-Quality Protein Crystal Growth of Mouse Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D Synthase in Microgravity
Inaka K Takahashi S Aritake K Tsurumura T Furubayashi N Yan B Hirota E Sano S Sato M Kobayashi T Yoshimura Y Tanaka H Urade Y 《Crystal growth & design》2011,11(6):2107-2111
Lipocalin-type prostaglandin (PG) D synthase (L-PGDS) catalyzes the isomerization of PGH(2) to PGD(2) and is involved in the regulation of pain and of nonrapid eye movement sleep and the differentiation of male genital organs and adipocytes, etc. L-PGDS is secreted into various body fluids and binds various lipophilic compounds with high affinities, acting also as an extracellular transporter. Mouse L-PGDS with a C65A mutation was previously crystallized with citrate or malonate as a precipitant, and the X-ray crystallographic structure was determined at 2.0 ? resolution. To obtain high-quality crystals, we tried, unsuccessfully, to crystallize the C65A mutant in microgravity under the same conditions used in the previous study. After further purifying the protein and changing the precipitant to polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000, high-quality crystals were grown in microgravity. The precipitant solution was 40% (w/v) PEG 8000, 100 mM sodium chloride, and 100 mM HEPES-NaOH (pH 7.0). Crystals grew on board the International Space Station for 11 weeks in 2007, yielding single crystals of the wild-type L-PGDS and the C65A mutant, both of which diffracted at around 1.0 ? resolution. The crystal quality was markedly improved through the use of a high-viscosity precipitant solution in microgravity, in combination with the use of a highly purified protein. 相似文献
128.
129.
130.
Chen Rong Kazuya Mitsuji Xue Songtao Yoshihiro Sugimura Masanori Izumi 《Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica》1999,12(2):144-154
The purpose of this paper is to study the dynamic behavior of soft ground including a porous layer by considering the porosity
change. In order to take the porosity change into account, the concept of the volume fraction, which has been proposed in
continuum mechanics, is introduced. The constitutive equations presented by Bowen are applied to the analysis of the porous
media. According to Bowen's theory, the porosity is considered as a variable called the volume fraction and has its own constitutive
equation. The constitutive equation of the volume fraction has thermoelastic equation coefficients and is determined by the
strains of the solid and the fluid. This means that the compressibilities of the solid and the fluid are considered. When
the special condition is assumed, Bowen's theory can contain Biots's theory, which has been applied in earthquake engineering.
The wave propagation in the ground including a porous layer, modeled by Bowen's theory, is studied and compared with that
of Biot's theory. One-dimensional attenuation and surface amplitude are calculated. The effect of the volume fraction is discussed
with respect to the compressibilities of the solid and the fluid. 相似文献