Steady needle growth with 3-D anisotropic surface tension

The effect of the anisotropic interfacial energy on dendritic growth has been an important subject, and has preoccupied many researchers in the field of materials science and condensed matter physics. The present paper is dedicated to the study of the effect of full 3-D anisotropic surface tension on the steady state solution of dendritic growth. We obtain the analytical form of the first order approximation solution in the regular asymptotic expansion around the Ivantsov’s needle growth solution, which extends the steady needle growth solution of the system with isotropic surface tension obtained by Xu and Yu (J. J. Xu and D. S. Yu, J. Cryst. Growth, 1998, 187: 314; J. J. Xu, Interfacial Wave Theory of Pattern Formation: Selection of Dendrite Growth and Viscous Fingering in a Hele-Shaw Flow, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1997).The solution is expanded in the general Laguerre series in any finite region around the needle-tip, and it is also expanded in a power series in the far field behind the tip. Both solutions are then numerically matched in the intermediate region. Based on this global valid solution, the dependence of Peclet number Pe and the interface’s morphology on the anisotropy parameter of surface tension as well as other physical parameters involved are determined. On the basis of this global valid solution, we explore the effect of the anisotropy parameter on the Peclet number of growth, as well as the morphology of the interface.     

青海玉树Ms7.1级地震地质灾害主要特征

2010年4月14日7时49分,青海省玉树县发生Ms7.1级地震。玉树地震产生较连续的地表破裂和大量房屋破坏,并诱发了滑坡、崩塌和震裂山体。此外,地震诱发的砂土液化、水渠溃决等加剧了局部山体地质灾害。通过现场调查和地震前后玉树县地质灾害发育状况,简要阐述了地震地质灾害的主要发育特征,包括震后地质灾害数量明显增加、地震地质灾害分布受活动断裂控制、低位滑坡为主、地质灾害链生效应显著等,并对灾后重建过程中的地质灾害防治提出了建议。     

新型有机多胺Co(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、晶体结构及抑菌性能

以1-氨乙基哌嗪和丙烯腈为原料合成了新型有机多胺1-（N,N-二氨基丙基）氨基乙基-4-氨基丙基哌嗪,并以此为配体,与高氯酸钴进行配位反应,得到其配合物[Co(L)HCl](ClO4)2的晶体。通过元素分析、测摩尔电导率和X射线衍射对所得晶体进行了分析。结果显示,该晶体结构属于四方晶系,空间群I4/m,a = 2.5006(3),b = 2.5006(3) c = 0.85615(11) nm, Mr =594.79,V = 5.3534(10) nm3,Z=8, F(000)= 2488, Dc = 1.476g/cm3,μ(MoKα)= 0.989mm-1,最终偏离因子R1 = 0.0666, wR2 = 0.1852 ( I > 2σ( I) )。采用琼脂扩散法测定目标产物的抑菌性能。结果表明, [Co(L)HCl](ClO4)2对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、鳗弧菌均有一定的抑制作用。     

偏磷酸钙玻璃陶瓷的结晶化研究

以Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O和H3PO4为原料,按0.45的Ca/P物质的量比制备了偏磷酸钙玻璃,在300～700 ℃对玻璃进行热处理,获得了偏磷酸钙玻璃陶瓷.利用XRD、FT-IR等研究了玻璃结晶化过程中的结构变化,利用SEM观察了玻璃陶瓷的微观形貌.结果表明:玻璃陶瓷中的结晶相为纯的β-Ca(PO3)2;玻璃结晶过程伴随温度提高逐渐发生,在400 ℃保温3 h已经形成了β-Ca(PO3)2晶体相;温度提高,玻璃陶瓷红外光谱的精细结构明显;随结晶化温度升高和保温时间延长,玻璃陶瓷中结晶相形貌由纤维状变为晶界明显紧密排布的短棒状晶粒.     

隧穿结对柔性衬底非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池特性的影响

采用等离子体化学气相沉积(PECVD)方法在不锈钢柔性衬底上制备了不同厚度的硅基p+/n+隧穿结,应用于非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池,分析了其对太阳电池电学和光学特性的影响.发现p+层厚度增加后,电池的开路电压提高,短路电流密度减小;随着n+层厚度的变化,电池的短路电流密度和填充因子均存在一个最佳值.将优化后的p+/n+隧穿结分别应用于不锈钢衬底和聚酰亚胺衬底的非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池,分别获得了9.95;(AM0,1353 W/m2)和9.87;(AM0,1353 W/m2)的光电转换效率.     

Photophysical Properties of 4′-(p-aminophenyl)-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine

Spectral and photophysical investigations of 4′-(p-aminophenyl)-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine (APT) have been performed in various solvents with different polarity and hydrogen-bonding ability.The emission spectra of APT are found to exhibit dual fluorescence in polar solvents, which attributes to the local excited and intramolecular charge transfer states, respectively. The two-state model is proven out for APT in polar solvent by the time-correlated single photon counting emission decay measurement. Interestingly, the linear relationships of different emission maxima and solvent polarity parameter are found for APT in protic and aprotic solvents, because of the hydrogen bond formation between APT and alcohols at the amino nitrogen N25. Furthermore, the effects of the complexation of the metal ion with tpy group of APT and the hydrogen bond formation between APT with methanol at the terpyridinenitrogen N4—N8—N14 are also presented. The appearance of new long-wave absorption and fluorescence bands indicates that a new ground state of the complexes is formed.     

漆酶在纳米金溶胶/多重壁碳纳米管复合载体上固定方法的比较及粒子尺寸效应

以纳米金溶胶（NGS）和多重壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）的共混物(NGS/MWCNTs)作为固定漆酶的载体,研究了3种固定漆酶方法在酶固定量、比活力上的差异。 研究了不同的固定方法对固定酶热稳定性和重复使用性及纳米金溶胶颗粒粒径对酶固定量和固定酶动力学参数的影响。 实验结果表明,NGS/MWCNTs具有良好的固定漆酶能力和高固酶比活力,NGS/MWCNTs（NGS粒径37 nm）通过简单物理吸附法固定漆酶的量和固酶的比活力最高,分别可达33.80 mg/g和9.433 U/mg。 在NGS-MWCNTs上采用化学键合方法固定的漆酶在70 ℃放置2 h后仍然保持初始活力的75％,重复使用20次后仍保持初始活力的70％。 纳米金溶胶粒子越小（24 nm）,底物和固定漆酶间亲和力越好（KM=0.027 mmol/L）,表观速率常数越大。     

胞外多糖调控碳酸钙结晶的研究

以黄原胶和韦兰胶为模板,在CaCl2-Na2CO3体系中调控合成CaCO3晶体.利用电导率法研究了黄原胶与韦兰胶模板与Ca2+之间的相互作用,同时研究了黄原胶和韦兰胶的浓度以及结晶时间对CaCO3晶体结构及形貌的影响.分别用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对CaCO3晶体的晶型和形貌进行了表征.结果表明,黄原胶和韦兰胶调控下得到的CaCO3晶体是方解石和球霰石的混合体.韦兰胶溶液中得到了球形产物,黄原胶溶液中得到球状和花状产物.随着结晶时间的延长,球霰石不断向方解石转变.     

Thermal Quantum Discord in Anisotropic Heisenberg XXZ Model withDzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction

The thermal quantum discord (QD) is studied in a two-qubit Heisenberg XXZ system with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction. We compare the thermal QD with thermal entanglement in this system and find remarkable differences between them. For instance, we show situations where QD decreases asymptotically to zero with temperature T while entanglement decreases to zero at the point of critical temperature, situations where QD decreases with certain tunable parameters such as D_z and D_x when entanglement increases. We find that the characteristic of QD is exotic in this system and this possibly offers a potential solution to enhance entanglement of a system. We also show that tunable parameter D_x is more efficient than parameter D_z in most regions for controlling the QD.     

Compton散射下等离子体中电子相轨道的演化

用KMR模型研究了等离子体中多光子非线性Compton散射下电子相轨道的演化,发现电子与光子进行能量交换后,只有未被俘获电子的相轨道才能从周期性向非周期性、随机型演化,其演化剧烈程度随电子吸收光子数的增大而加剧,随电子与光子碰撞非弹性成分和碰撞前初始速度的增大而迅速减弱,但低于强激光场中的剧烈程度。当电子被光场俘获时,这种演化过程结束并做稳定的运动,光子不再为电子提供能量。