Solvent‐Free Self‐Assembly for Scalable Preparation of Highly Crystalline Mesoporous Metal Oxides

Mesoporous metal oxides (MMOs) have been demonstrated great potential in various applications. Up to now, the direct synthesis of MMOs is still limited to the solvent induced inorganic‐organic self‐assembly process. Here, we develop a facile, general, and high throughput solvent‐free self‐assembly strategy to synthesize a series of MMOs including single‐component MMOs and multi‐component MMOs (e.g., doped MMOs, composite MMOs, and polymetallic oxide) with high crystallinity and remarkable porous properties by grinding and heating raw materials. Compared with the traditional solution self‐assembly process, the avoidance of solvents in this method not only greatly increases the yield of target products and synthesis efficiency, but also reduces the environmental pollution and the consumption of cost and energy. We believe the presented approach will pave a new avenue for scalable production of advanced mesoporous materials for various applications.     

Enantiomeric Discrimination by Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering–Chiral Anisotropy of Chiral Nanostructured Gold Films

A surface‐enhanced Raman scattering‐chiral anisotropy (SERS‐ChA) effect is reported that combines chiral discrimination and surface Raman scattering enhancement on chiral nanostructured Au films (CNAFs) equipped in the normal Raman scattering Spectrometer. The CNAFs provided remarkably higher enhancement factors of Raman scattering (EFs) for particular enantiomers, and the SERS intensity was proportional to the enantiomeric excesses (ee) values. Except for molecules with mesomeric species, all of the tested enantiomers exhibited high SERS‐ChA asymmetry factors (g), ranging between 1.34 and 1.99 regardless of polarities, sizes, chromophores, concentrations and ee. The effect might be attributed to selective resonance coupling between the induced electric and magnetic dipoles associated with enantiomers and chiral plasmonic modes of CNAFs.     

Coordination of Actinide Single Ions to Deformed Graphdiyne: Strategy on Essential Separation Processes in Nuclear Fuel Cycle

The coordination of actinides and lanthanides, as well as strontium and cesium with graphdiyne (GDY) was studied experimentally and theoretically. On the basis of experimental results and/or theoretical calculations, it was suggested that Th⁴⁺, Pu⁴⁺, Am³⁺, Cm³⁺, and Cs⁺ exist in single‐ion states on the special triangular structure of GDY with various coordination patterns, wherein GDY itself is deformed in different ways. Both experiment and theoretical calculations strongly indicate that UO₂²⁺, La³⁺, Eu³⁺, Tm³⁺ and Sr²⁺ are not adsorbed by GDY at all. The distinguished adsorption behaviors of GDY afford an important strategy for highly selective separation of actinides and lanthanides, Th⁴⁺ and UO₂²⁺, and Cs⁺ and Sr²⁺, in the nuclear fuel cycle. Also, the present work sheds light on an approach to explore the unique functions and physicochemical properties of actinides in single‐ion states.     

Coexistence of magnetic and electric orderings in the metal-formate frameworks of [NH4][M(HCOO)3

A family of three-dimensional chiral metal-formate frameworks of [NH(4)][M(HCOO)(3)] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Zn) displays paraelectric to ferroelectric phase transitions between 191 and 254 K, triggered by disorder-order transitions of NH(4)(+) cations and their displacement within the framework channels, combined with spin-canted antiferromagnetic ordering within 8-30 K for the magnetic members, providing a new class of metal-organic frameworks showing the coexistence of magnetic and electric orderings.     

Measurement of phospholipids by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry: the determination of choline containing compounds in foods

A hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC LC-MS/MS) method using multiple scan modes was developed to separate and quantify 11 compounds and lipid classes including acetylcholine (AcCho), betaine (Bet), choline (Cho), glycerophosphocholine (GPC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphocholine (PCho) and sphingomyelin (SM). This includes all of the major choline-containing compounds found in foods. The method offers advantages over other LC methods since HILIC chromatography is readily compatible with electrospray ionization and results in higher sensitivity and improved peak shapes. The LC-MS/MS method allows quantification of all choline-containing compounds in a single run. Tests of method suitability indicated linear ranges of approximately 0.25-25 μg/ml for PI and PE, 0.5-50 μg/ml for PC, 0.05-5 μg/ml for SM and LPC, 0.5-25 μg/ml for LPE, 0.02-5 μg/ml for Cho, and 0.08-8 μg/ml for Bet, respectively. Accuracies of 83-105% with precisions of 1.6-13.2% RSD were achieved for standards over a wide range of concentrations, demonstrating that this method will be suitable for food analysis. 8 polar lipid classes were found in a lipid extract of egg yolk and different species of the same class were differentiated based on their molecular weights and fragment ion information. PC and PE were found to be the most abundant lipid classes consisting of 71% and 18% of the total phospholipids in egg yolk.     

Synthesis and Properties of Polyetherketones Containing Sulfide and Phthalazinone

High molecular weight copoly(ether ketone)s (PEK) based on 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinone (DHPZ)/4,4′-thiobisphenol (TBP)/4,4′-diflourodiphenylketone (DFK) were prepared by nucleophilic substitution polycondensation. The copolymers were characterized by FT- and ^1H-NMR. Thermal properties and solubility of copolymers were studied.     

Removal of uranium(VI) from aqueous solutions by carboxyl-rich hydrothermal carbon spheres through low-temperature heat treatment in air

Carboxyl-rich hydrothermal carbon spheres were prepared by simply heating pristine hydrothermal carbon spheres (HCSs) at lower temperature in air, and the textural properties were characterized using Boehm titrations, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and elemental-analysis. The result of Boehm titrations indicated that the content of carboxyl groups on HCSs increased significantly from 0.53 to 3.81 mmol/g after heat-treatment at 300 °C, which was also confirmed by FT-IR and EA qualitatively. The ability of heat-treated HCSs has been explored for the removal and recovery of uranium from aqueous solutions, and the influences of different experimental parameters, such as heat-treatment temperature, contact time and ionic strength, on adsorption were investigated. The U(VI) sorption capacity of HCSs increased from 55.0 to 179.95 mg/g after heat-treatment at 300 °C for 5 h. Selective adsorption studies showed that the heat-treated HCSs could selectively remove U(VI), and the selectivity coefficients were improved after heat-treatment in the presence of co-existing ions, Na(I), Ni(II), Sr(II), Mn(II), Mg(II) and Zn(II). The adsorbent HCSs could be effectively regenerated by 0.05 mol/L HCl solution for the removal and recovery of U(VI). Complete removal (99.0 %) of U(VI) from 1.0 L industry wastewater containing 15.0 mg U(VI) ions was possible with 5.0 g heat-treated HCSs. In addition, a reaction mechanism for newly generating carboxyl groups on pristine HCSs surface during heat-treatment process and uranyl ion interaction with carboxyl-rich hydrothermal carbon spheres were also supposed.     

Hydrothermal synthesis method of 5-(4'-methylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1H-tetrazole

A clean and safe synthesis method of 5-(4’-methylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1H-tetrazole was found:under hydrothermal conditions,1.2 equiv.of 4’-methylbiphenyl-2-carbonitrile react with 1 equiv.of sodium azide in a mixed solvent of propane-1,2-diol/H2O,with 1.5 equiv.of ammonium chloride and 0.2 equiv.of ammonium fluoride as catalyst.After simple post-processing,the yield can be improved to 95%,and the purity of the product is 99%without further recrystallization.     

A Stereoselective Synthetic Route To (E)-α,β-Unsaturated Thioesters

Terminal alkynes 1 react with Cp₂Zr(H)Cl (Cp = η⁵-C₅H₅) and CO to give acylzirconocene chloride derivatives 2, which are trapped with arylsulfenyl chlorides to afford (E)-α,β-unsaturated thioesters.     

活性炭基软包装超级电容器用有机电解液

使用了一种新型的有机电解液(三乙基甲基四氟硼酸铵/(丙烯碳酸酯+乙腈): MeEt₃NBF₄/(AN+PC))和两种传统有机电解液(四乙基四氟硼酸铵/丙烯碳酸酯(Et₄NBF₄/AN)和四乙基四氟硼酸/乙腈(Et₄NBF₄/PC)), 制作成活性炭(AC)基软包装超级电容器. 在不同电压窗口下对新型有机电解液的循环伏安和电化学阻抗谱进行了表征, 并在0-3 V的电压窗口下, 通过循环伏安、电化学阻抗谱、恒流充放电、漏电流、自放电、循环寿命和库仑效率, 对以上三种电解液进行了综合的比较. 结果表明, 新型有机电解液综合了AN和PC各自的优点, 性能优异.