全文获取类型
收费全文 | 29456篇 |
免费 | 4737篇 |
国内免费 | 4781篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 23306篇 |
晶体学 | 558篇 |
力学 | 1293篇 |
综合类 | 323篇 |
数学 | 3189篇 |
物理学 | 10305篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 69篇 |
2023年 | 528篇 |
2022年 | 982篇 |
2021年 | 1094篇 |
2020年 | 1193篇 |
2019年 | 1286篇 |
2018年 | 1041篇 |
2017年 | 1085篇 |
2016年 | 1416篇 |
2015年 | 1462篇 |
2014年 | 1822篇 |
2013年 | 2248篇 |
2012年 | 2585篇 |
2011年 | 2742篇 |
2010年 | 2066篇 |
2009年 | 1925篇 |
2008年 | 2156篇 |
2007年 | 1797篇 |
2006年 | 1763篇 |
2005年 | 1526篇 |
2004年 | 1238篇 |
2003年 | 1033篇 |
2002年 | 1160篇 |
2001年 | 933篇 |
2000年 | 670篇 |
1999年 | 579篇 |
1998年 | 428篇 |
1997年 | 297篇 |
1996年 | 322篇 |
1995年 | 228篇 |
1994年 | 204篇 |
1993年 | 200篇 |
1992年 | 152篇 |
1991年 | 190篇 |
1990年 | 103篇 |
1989年 | 97篇 |
1988年 | 58篇 |
1987年 | 60篇 |
1986年 | 59篇 |
1985年 | 54篇 |
1984年 | 23篇 |
1983年 | 24篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1981年 | 13篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1936年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
971.
972.
Hydrogels containing hyper-branched poly(amidoamine) (hb-PAMAM) microenvironments were suggested for the sustained release of ionizable drugs. For this purpose, a series of poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA) hydrogels containing hb-PAMAM (PHEA-hb-PAMAM) were prepared by copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate with acryl-terminated hb-PAMAM. The hb-PAMAM was synthesized by the Michael addition reaction of triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (TT) and piperzaine (PZ). By using nonionic Tegafur and ionizable salicylic acid (SA) as model drugs, the release mechanisms of drugs from PHEA-hb-PAMAM hydrogels were investigated. Compared with the release kinetic of Tegafur, the release rate of SA from the hydrogels was evidently slowed down. Moreover, the release rate of SA can be modulated by the addition of salt. This can be attributed to the ionic interaction of SA with hb-PAMAM microenvironments. By analyzing the release kinetics of SA from the hydrogels, it was found that the release of SA followed non-Fickian diffusion. 相似文献
973.
Qinghua Xie Xia Li Guanquan Wang Xuan Hou Yujun Wang Hongbo Yu Changfa Qu Shunzhong Luo Yali Cui Chuanqin Xia Ruibing Wang 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2017,311(3):1697-1708
Here we reported the radiolabeling and evaluation of a novel 131I-radiolabeled quercetin for the treatment of dedifferentiated thyroid cancers. The human thyroid cancer cell lines (FTC-133, TT and DRO) experienced much higher uptake of 131I-quercetin as compared to the free 131I. And the proliferation inhibition rate of 131I-quercetin on in vitro DRO cell line was 86.87 ± 7.15%. Biodistribution and SPECT analysis demonstrated that the injected radioactivity mainly accumulated in tumors. The tumor volume in the treatment group was dramatically inhibited in comparison with the control group. 相似文献
974.
Bharat Kumar Ruth L. Viboh Margel C. Bonifacio William B. Thompson Jonathan C. Buttrick Babe C. Westlake Min‐Soo Kim Robert W. Zoellner Sergey A. Varganov Philipp Mrschel Jaroslav Teteruk Martin U. Schmidt Benjamin T. King 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2012,124(51):13071-13071
975.
Junwye Lee Jonghyun Koo Si Un Hwang Sunmin Min Sang Jung Ahn Yonghan Roh Sung Ha Park 《Current Applied Physics》2012,12(4):1207-1211
We report the structural and functional stabilities of artificially synthesized DNA ultra-thin films. Fully covered DNA ultra-thin films on a silica substrate were fabricated by the silica-assisted growth method and those samples were then incubated in various chemicals and physical conditions. The DNA ultra-thin films showed high maintainability under those harsh conditions and these results would aid to facilitate the use of artificial DNA ultra-thin films in advanced research areas such as biophotonics and bioelectronics. 相似文献
976.
李敏 《数学的实践与认识》2012,42(6):145-150
引进诱导有序加权平均算子,建立诱导有序加权平均组合预测模型,借助它对四川省普通高等学校招生人数进行预测.通过两个误差指标值的比较,说明这种方法的合理性,从而为教育部门制定相关的就业体制提供依据. 相似文献
977.
Crystal structure of meso‐substituted pyrazolyl porphyrin complexes and their highly active catalyst for oxidation of alkylbenzenes
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《应用有机金属化学》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
During the past few years, a great deal of effort has been devoted to the anchoring of catalytic oxidation. In this work, three new catalysts CuPp, MnPp and ZnPp by solvothermal methods with 5, 10, 15, 20‐tetrakis(4‐N‐pyrazolyl)‐phenyl porphyrin (H2Pp) and the corresponding metal salts have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The single crystal structures determined by X‐ray diffraction show the bond distances of M‐N in porphyrin cores determined the conformation of porphyrin rings. We explored the catalytic activity of CoPp, CuPp, MnPp and ZnPp for oxidation of alkylbenzenes. The experimental results display these products exhibit high catalytic activities and selectivities for oxidation of ethylbenzene to acetophenone, and can be reused by filtration without appreciable decrease in catalytic activity and selectivity. 相似文献
978.
Ni/TPC催化剂的制备表征及在秸秆热解燃气重整中的应用 《燃料化学学报》2018,46(6):659-665
以废弃汽车外轮胎热解后的副产物轮胎热解焦(Tyre pyrolysis char,TPC)为原料,利用均匀沉淀法制备以轮胎焦为载体的负载型Ni/TPC催化剂,采用EDX、SEM、XRD、TG、BET手段对催化剂进行了表征与分析,同时使用管式炉测试了Ni/TPC催化剂在秸秆热解燃气重整中的催化性能,并考察了热解温度、保温时间、镍负载量及催化时间对秸秆热解燃气重整效果的影响。研究结果表明,TPC富含焦和金属,Ni/TPC催化剂分散均匀,热稳定性好,比表面积为62 m2/g。催化剂活性测试显示,Ni/TPC催化剂用于作物秸秆热解燃气重整具有很强的催化活性,可显著提高燃气中可燃气体含量;热解温度在750℃、保温时间10 min、30%的Ni负载量时Ni/TPC催化剂的催化效率最高,连续使用850 min后,燃气中的H2含量仍相对提高到50%以上,长时间使用后活性结构由Ni3ZnC0.7转变成FeNi3,催化活性依然较强且趋于稳定,TPC可以作为良好的新型镍基催化剂载体。 相似文献
979.
Xin Chen Aleksandra M. Krajewska Dr. Cormac McGuinness Amy Lynes David McAteer Nina Berner Prof. Georg Duesberg Prof. Jonathan N. Coleman Prof. Aidan R. McDonald 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(3):984-992
Covalently tethering photosensitizers to catalytically active 1T-MoS2 surfaces holds great promise for the solar-driven hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we report the preparation of two new RuII-complex-functionalized MoS2 hybrids [RuII(bpy)2(phen)]-MoS2 and [RuII(bpy)2(py)Cl]-MoS2. The influence of covalent functionalization of chemically exfoliated 1T-MoS2 with coordinating ligands and RuII complexes on the HER activity and photo-electrochemical performance of this dye-sensitized system was studied systematically. We find that the photo-electrochemical performance of this RuII-complex-sensitized MoS2 system is highly dependent on the surface extent of photosensitizers and the catalytic activity of functionalized MoS2. The latter was strongly affected by the number and the kind of functional groups. Our results underline the tunability of the photovoltage generation in this dye-sensitized MoS2 system by manipulation of the surface functionalities, which provides a practical guidance for smart design of future dye-sensitized MoS2 hydrogen production devices towards improved the photofuel conversion efficiency. 相似文献