首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   114340篇
  免费   6914篇
  国内免费   4846篇
化学   49879篇
晶体学   1298篇
力学   9004篇
综合类   299篇
数学   36076篇
物理学   29544篇
  2024年   95篇
  2023年   773篇
  2022年   1048篇
  2021年   1262篇
  2020年   1542篇
  2019年   1454篇
  2018年   11383篇
  2017年   11127篇
  2016年   7684篇
  2015年   2590篇
  2014年   2417篇
  2013年   3002篇
  2012年   6960篇
  2011年   13808篇
  2010年   7906篇
  2009年   8235篇
  2008年   8999篇
  2007年   10826篇
  2006年   2378篇
  2005年   2978篇
  2004年   2841篇
  2003年   3057篇
  2002年   2036篇
  2001年   1093篇
  2000年   1167篇
  1999年   997篇
  1998年   939篇
  1997年   833篇
  1996年   895篇
  1995年   737篇
  1994年   619篇
  1993年   524篇
  1992年   480篇
  1991年   394篇
  1990年   355篇
  1989年   297篇
  1988年   262篇
  1987年   230篇
  1986年   210篇
  1985年   198篇
  1984年   147篇
  1983年   107篇
  1982年   102篇
  1981年   74篇
  1980年   62篇
  1979年   54篇
  1914年   45篇
  1912年   40篇
  1909年   41篇
  1908年   40篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
961.
A semigroup S is said to have the ideal retraction property provided each of its ideals is the image of an idempotent endomorphism of S. The main result of this work is a characterization of those bands which have the idempotent retraction property. All such bands are normal.  相似文献   
962.
In some situations estimates of unknown parameters must be corrected by additional measurements. It is in principle no problem to calculate the corrected estimates, however, it is of more interest to find formulae for correction itself. The formulae enable us to design an additional experiment and to judge its usefulness. The aim of the paper is to find such formulae for several situations. Supported by the grant of the Council of Czech Government MSM 6 198 959 214.  相似文献   
963.
We have recently proposed a very simple numerical method for constructing the averaged Gaussian quadrature formulas. These formulas exist in many more cases than the real positive Gauss–Kronrod formulas. In this note we try to answer whether the averaged Gaussian formulas are an adequate alternative to the corresponding Gauss–Kronrod quadrature formulas, to estimate the remainder term of a Gaussian rule.  相似文献   
964.
Motionless mixers have found a large range of applications, including blending, reaction, dispersion, heat transfer and mass transfer. Understanding the mixing processes that occur in these diverse systems is essential for predicting many aspects of practical importance. The objective of this study is to perform the experimental investigations of mixing characteristics for three different motionless mixers. The red color dye tracer was mixed in the main stream of green hair styling gel, and then the mixing efficiency was quantified by calculating the percentage area concentration of red color at the outlet cross section using a digital image processing technique. In the Sulzer SMX and YHC mixer, a single element mixes the fluid nearly in two dimensions, and three-dimensional mixing is accomplished by the next elements aligned at 90o to their former one. In the Sulzer SMX mixer, the flow appears to be globally well mixed after 5 elements, while in the YHC and YNU mixers, it is necessary to globally well mix more than 1 and 2 elements.  相似文献   
965.
In this paper, the multi-item, single-level, capacitated, dynamic lot sizing problem with set-up carry-over and backlogging, abbreviated to CLSP+, is considered. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer programming problem. A heuristic method consisting of four elements: (1) a demand shifting rule, (2) lot size determination rules, (3) checking feasibility conditions and (4) set-up carry-over determination, provides us with an initial feasible solution. The resulting feasible solution is improved by adopting the corresponding set-up and set-up carry-over schedule and re-optimizing it by solving a minimum-cost network flow problem. Then the improved solution is used as a starting solution for a tabu search procedure, with the value of moves assessed using the same minimum-cost network problem. Computational results on randomly generated problems show that the algorithm, which is coded in C++, is able to provide optimal solutions or solutions extremely close to optimal. The computational efficiency makes it possible to solve reasonably large problem instances routinely on a personal computer.  相似文献   
966.
The adsorption of alginate (Alg) onto the surface of in water dispersed Fe3O4 nanoparticles and zeta potential of alginate-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been investigated to optimize the colloidal stability of Alg-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The adsorption amount of Alg increased with the decrease of adsorption pH. The zeta potential of Fe3O4 nanoparticles shifted to a lower value after adsorption of Alg. The lower adsorption pH was the lower zeta potential of Fe3O4 nanoparticles became. The Alg-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles were found to be stabilized by steric and electrostatic repulsions. Those prepared at pH 6 were not stable around pH 5, and those prepared at pH 4 became unstable at pH below 3.5. Alg of Mw 45 kDa was a little bit more adsorbed onto nanoparticles surface than that of Mw 24 kDa. An average Fe3O4 core size of 9.3 ± 1.7 nm was found by transmission electronic microscopy. An average hydrodynamic diameter of 30-150 nm was measured by photon correlation spectroscopy. However, an average core size of 10 nm and an average hydrodynamic diameter of 38 nm were estimated from the magnetization curve of the concentrated magnetic fluids (MFs). The maximum available saturation magnetization of MFs was about 3.5 kA/m.  相似文献   
967.
超短光脉冲源是光时分复用(OTDM)系统中的关键器件.提出了一种基于单端半导体光放大器(SOA)的注入型主动锁模光纤激光器产生超短光脉冲的方案,建立了该方案的理论模型.实验实现了高消光比稳定的重复频率10—40GHz皮秒级光脉冲的输出,输出波长在30nm范围内连续可调. 关键词: 超短光脉冲 单端半导体光放大器 主动锁模  相似文献   
968.
具有突变结构开放腔的矩阵分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
刘迎辉  李宏福  李浩  王峨锋  徐勇  王晖  王丽 《物理学报》2006,55(4):1718-1723
利用模式展开与场匹配原理,建立了突变波导的散射矩阵(S参数矩阵),在此基础上分析研究了具有突变结构的波导开放式谐振腔,并由矩阵级联建立了开放腔总的S参数矩阵.通过Matlab编制计算程序对具有多级突变结构的开放式输出腔进行了数值计算和分析,并通过与实验数据和软件模拟的结果比较对该方法得到的数据结果进行了验证. 关键词: 回旋管 开放式谐振腔 突变结构 S参数矩阵  相似文献   
969.
We investigate traces of functions, belonging to a class of functions with dominating mixed smoothness in ℝ3, with respect to planes in oblique position. In comparison with the classical theory for isotropic spaces a few new phenomenona occur. We shall present two different approaches. One is based on the use of the Fourier transform and restricted to p = 2. The other one is applicable in the general case of Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel spaces and based on atomic decompositions.  相似文献   
970.
In the present paper, we solve three boundary value problems related to the temperature field in oil strata — the fractional extensions of the incomplete lumped formulation and lumped formulation in the linear case and the fractional generalization of the incomplete lumped formulation in the radial case. By using the Caputo differintegral operator and the Laplace transform, the solutions are obtained in integral forms where the integrand is expressed in terms of the convolution of some auxiliary functions of Wright function type. A generalization of the Laplace transform convolution theorem, known as Efros’ theorem is widely used.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号