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11.
Shu‐Ling Huang Wei‐Kuo Chin W. P. Yang 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(18):3476-3486
The tetramethoxysilane (TMOS)/2‐hydroxylethyl methacrylate (HEMA) hybrid gels were synthesized with acid and base catalysts, via the in situ polymerization of HEMA, with and without the cosolvent methanol. With methanol in the TMOS/HEMA sol, the enhanced esterification and depolymerization reactions of the silanols resulted in a slower growth of silica particles. The silica particles that were synthesized with an acid catalyst were less than 40 nm. The thermal resistance of the poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) chains was enhanced by the addition of colloidal silica. The Fourier transform infrared characterizations and the exothermal peaks on the differential scanning calorimetry traces of these hybrid gels indicated chemical hybridization occurring as a result of condensation of the colloid silica and PHEMA at higher temperatures. Hence, the residual weight content of the hybrid gel after its synthesis with the base catalyst was even higher than the content of TMOS in the hybrid sol. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 3476–3486, 2004 相似文献
12.
A signal registration strategy from micropatterned immunosensors that converts antigen-antibody binding reactions into electrochemical signals was demonstrated. An array-type micropatterned gold electrode on a silicon wafer was fabricated, containing two electrode geometries of rectangular (100 microm x 500 microm) and circular (r. 50 microm) types, exhibiting electrochemical characteristics of bulk and micro-electrodes, respectively. Ferritin was employed as a model analyte for immunosensing because it has an advantageous molecular structure for functionalization to the sensing interface, and is regarded as a general marker protein for tumors and cancer recurrence. With the fabricated and ferritin-functionalized immunosensors, biospecific interactions were performed with antiferritin antiserum and secondary antibody samples, followed by electrochemical signaling via an immunoprecipitation reaction by the label enzyme. Under the optimized affinity-surface construction steps and reaction conditions, both types of microfabricated electrodes exhibited well-defined calibration results as a function of the protein concentration in antiserum samples. Furthermore, circular-type micropatterned immunoelectrodes exhibited voltammetric characteristics of microelectrodes, which is advantageous in terms of sensor operation under a fixed potential and low signal drift during the signaling reaction compared with the bulk-type electrodes. The results support that the employed signaling method with the proposed immunosensor configuration is fit for sensor miniaturization and integration to future biomicrosystems. 相似文献
13.
Chunxia Zhao Guowang Xu Xianzhe Shi Jianmei Ma Yan Zhang Shen Lv Qianfeng Weng Qing Yang 《Analytical sciences》2004,20(7):1001-1005
Fluorescent-based single-strand conformation polymorphism (F-SSCP) analysis with capillary electrophoresis (CE) is the most common method for the detection of mutation because of its high sensitivity and resolution. In this study, we prepared an inexpensive linear polyacrylamide (LPA), and successfully applied it to CE-SSCP analysis and tandem CE-SSCP/heteroduplex analysis (HA) of the P53 gene on an ABI capillary genetic analyzer. A comparison of the sieving capabilities of a homemade LPA and commercial polydimethylacrylamide (PDMA) demonstrates that the homemade LPA has a higher resolution, a shorter analysis time, and is more suitable for tandem SSCP/HA than commercial PDMA. To show the usefulness, mutations of P53 gene exon 7 - 8 in 37 tumor samples were investigated by using homemade LPA. The results indicate that 10 mutations were found in 9 of 37 cases; the majority of P53 mutations were missense mutations, and 70% were located in exon 7, which plays an important role in neoplastic progression in human tumorigenesis. 相似文献
14.
15.
In theory, both polarity and steric hindrance are basic factors which affect molecular interactions. To investigate the optical properties and steric structures of chiral compounds having different chiral moieties which affect the wavelength of light reflection in liquid crystal (LC) cells, a series of novel chiral compounds and azobenzene derivatives were synthesized. The liquid crystalline phases of the compounds were identified using small angle X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical microscopy. Cholesteric LC cells with various synthesized chiral dopants which selectively reflect visible light were first prepared, the photochemical switching behaviour of colours was then investigated, with special reference to the change in transmittance in cholesteric LC cells containing an azobenzene derivative as a photoisomerizable guest molecule. Reversible isomerization of azobenzene molecules occurred in the cholesteric systems, resulting in a depression of TChI and a shift of the selectively reflected wavelength. We discuss the photochemically driven change in the helical pitch of the cholesteric LCs with respect to structural effects involving the chiral moieties. Molecular interactions caused by the added dopants, reliability and stability of the photoisomerization, and UV irradiation effects on the cholesteric LC cells were also investigated. A real image was recorded through a mask on a cholesteric LC cell fabricated in this investigation. 相似文献
16.
Yang Zuosheng 《国际流体数值方法杂志》2005,47(12):1423-1430
A complete boundary integral formulation for compressible Navier–Stokes equations with time discretization by operator splitting is developed using the fundamental solutions of the Helmholtz operator equation with different order. The numerical results for wall pressure and wall skin friction of two‐dimensional compressible laminar viscous flow around airfoils are in good agreement with field numerical methods. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
Zhong‐Zhen Yu Mingshu Yang Qingxin Zhang Chungui Zhao Yiu‐Wing Mai 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2003,41(11):1234-1243
Nylon‐66 nanocomposites were prepared by melt‐compounding nylon‐66 with an alkyl ammonium surfactant pretreated montmorillonite (MMT). The thermal stability of the organic MMT powders was measured by thermogravimetric analysis. The decomposition of the surfactant on the MMT occurred from 200 to 500 °C. The low onset decomposition temperature of the organic MMT is one shortcoming when it is used to prepare polymer nanocomposites at high melt‐compounding temperatures. To provide greater property enhancement and better thermal stability of the polymer/MMT nanocomposites, it is necessary to develop MMT modified with more thermally stable surfactants. The dispersion and spatial distribution of the organic MMT layers in the nylon‐66 matrix were characterized by X‐ray diffraction. The organic MMT layers were exfoliated but not randomly dispersed in the nylon‐66 matrix. A model was proposed to describe the spatial distribution of the organic MMT layers in an injection‐molded rectangular bar of nylon‐66/organic MMT nanocomposites. Most organic MMT layers were oriented in the injection‐molding direction. Layers near the four surfaces of the bar were parallel to their corresponding surfaces; whereas those in the bulk differed from the near‐surface layers and rotated themselves about the injection‐molding direction. The influence of the spatial distribution of the organic MMT on crystallization of nylon‐66 was also investigated. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 1234–1243, 2003 相似文献
18.
We study maps from a 2‐surface into the standard 2‐sphere coupled with Born‐Infeld geometric electromagnetism through an Abelian gauge field. Such a formalism extends the classical harmonic map model, known as the σ‐model, governing the spin vector orientation in a ferromagnet allows us to obtain the coexistence of vortices and antivortices characterized by opposite, self‐excited, magnetic flux lines. We show that the Born‐Infeld free parameter may be used to achieve arbitrarily high local concentration of magnetic flux lines that the total minimum energy is an additive function of these quantized flux lines realized as the numbers of vortices antivortices. In the case where the underlying surface, or the domain, is compact, we obtain a necessary sufficient condition for the existence of a unique solution representing a prescribed distribution of vortices antivortices. In the case where the domain is the full plane, we prove the existence of a unique solution representing an arbitrary distribution of vortices and antivortices. Furthermore, we also consider the Einstein gravitation induced by these vortices, known as cosmic strings, establish the existence of a solution representing a prescribed distribution of cosmic strings cosmic antistrings under a necessary sufficient condition that makes the underlying surface a complete surface with respect to the induced gravitational metric. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
19.
Enhao Yang 《应用数学学报(英文版)》1994,10(2):158-168
Some new linear and nonlinear integral inequalities of Volterra-type inn independent variables are established. They improve and contain the main results of A. Corduneanu[7] which in turn extend a number of known results in the literature. An application to certain initial value problem of partial differential equation is also indicated. 相似文献
20.
用Q-YAG激光的三次谐波(355nm)与调谐的Rh·6G染料激光在β-BaB2O4(BBO)晶体中和频,获得217.3~221.4nm连续调谐输出,和频输出的最大能量为250μJ,转换效率为11%.我们还讨论了获取最大和频输出能量的一些实验条件. 相似文献