Synthesis of mikto‐topology star polymer containing one cyclic arm

Well‐defined mikto‐topology star polystyrene composed of one cyclic arm and four linear arms was synthesized by a combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and Cu‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click reaction. First, the bromine‐alkyne α,ω‐linear polystyrenes containing four hydroxyl groups protected with acetone‐based ketal groups were synthesized by ATRP of styrene using a designed initiator. Then, the bromine end‐group was converted to the azide and the linear polystyrene was cyclized intra‐molecularly by the CuAAC reaction. The four hydroxyl groups were released by deprotection and then esterified with 2‐bromoisobutyryl bromide to produce a cyclic polymer bearing four ATRP initiating units. By subsequent ATRP of styrene to grow linear polymers with the cyclic polystyrene as a macroinitiator, the mikto‐topology star polymers were prepared. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012     

离散差分变分Hamilton系统的Lie对称性与Noether守恒量

研究离散差分Hamilton系统的Lie对称性与Noether守恒量. 根据扩展的时间离散力学变分原理构建Hamilton系统的差分动力学方程.定义离散系统运动差分方程在无限小变换群下的不变性为Lie对称性, 导出由Lie对称性得到系统离散Noether守恒量的判据. 举例说明结果的应用. 关键词： 离散力学 差分Hamilton系统 Lie对称性 Noether守恒量     

Novel ether-functional spiro-tetronic acid derivatives: molecule design, convenient synthesis and biological evaluation

A novel series of ether functionalization of spiro-tetronic acid derivatives have been designed and conveniently synthesized via three steps, including esterification, one-pot heterocyclization, and etherification reactions. The target molecules have been identified on the basis of analytical spectra data. All newly synthesized compounds have been screened for their potential insecticidal activity against Heliothis armigera and Plutella xylostella compared with spirodiclofen by standard method.     

From cluster assembly to ultrathin nanocrystals and complex nanostructures

Ultrathin nanostructures have attracted much attention in recent years due to their predictable novel properties and various potential applications. The improvement in synthetic skills has led to many successful syntheses of nanostructures including zerodimensional (0D) nanoclusters, one-dimensional (1D) nanowires, two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets and other higher-level complex nanostructures, where cluster-assembly of primary nanocrystals is a common process. In this review, progress in ultrathin nanocrystals in the last decade and several important factors in the growth mechanisms are covered. By giving examples of cluster assembly from 1D to 3D nanostructures, the utility of cluster assembly in the synthesis of new materials has been demonstrated.     

金属包层对称平面单轴晶体波导的模式场(Ⅱ)

对于晶体光轴平行于波导界面的结构,讨论了光在金属包层对称平面单轴晶体波导(波导层是单轴晶体,两个波导界面均为金属)内的传输特性.解析地得到了这种结构下波导模式场的精确解.模式场的性质因单轴晶体的性质不同而异.对于正单轴晶体,波导的主模是横电波,任何频率的光波均可激励该模式;当频率满足一定条件时,波导内传输单模,否则,将激励起高阶模式.高阶模既非TE波,也非TM波,而是两者耦合而成的混合模.对于负单轴晶体,波导的主模是一种混合模,该模式同样可被任何频率的光波所激励;当频率满足一定条件时,波导内传输单模,否则 关键词： 平面金属波导 单轴晶体 模式场 混合模     

Synthesis and properties of Au-Fe3O4 and Ag-Fe3O4 heterodimeric nanoparticles

Monodisperse Au-Fe 3 O 4 heterodimeric nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by injecting precursors into a hot reaction solution.The size of Au and Fe 3 O 4 particles can be controlled by changing the injection temperature.UV-Vis spectra show that the surface plasma resonance band of Au-Fe 3 O 4 heterodimeric NPs was evidently red-shifted compared with the resonance band of Au NPs of similar size.The as-prepared heterodimeric Au-Fe 3 O 4 NPs exhibited superparamagnetic properties at room temperature.The Ag-Fe 3 O 4 heterodimeric NPs were also prepared by this synthetic method simply using AgNO 3 as precursor instead of HAuCl 4.It is indicated that the reported method can be readily extended to the synthesis of other noble metal conjugated heterodimeric NPs.     

过氧硝酸分解势能面的理论研究

使用密度泛函理论B3LYP/6-311+ G(2d,2p)研究了过氧硝酸的最低能量结构．采用耦合簇方法CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVDZ首次分别扫描了过氧硝酸沿氧-氮和氧-氧键的分解势能面．计算结果表明在氧-氮势能面上,当O3—N4键长是2.82 ?时,对应的疏松过渡态的能垒是25.6 kcal/mol;在氧$-$氧键的势能面上,当O2—O3键长是2.35 ?时,对应的疏松过渡态的能垒是37.4 kcal/mol．这表明过氧硝酸更容易分解为HO₂和NO₂．     

Effects of nickel on the crystallization of Zr70Cu20Ni10 amorphous alloy

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) are employed to investigate the effects of nickel on the crystallization of the amorphous Zr₇₀Cu₂₀Ni₁₀ alloy. We have found that the crystallization process of the amorphous Zr₇₀Cu₂₀Ni₁₀ alloy is strongly influenced by the addition of nickel. Addition of 10 at% Ni to the Zr₇₀Cu₃₀ amorphous alloy makes the crystallization process proceed from a single-stage mode to a double-stage mode. The activation energy for crystallization of the amorphous Zr₇₀Cu₂₀Ni₁₀ alloy is calculated to be about 388kJ·mol^-1 on the basis of the Kissinger equation. The effects of nickel on the crystallization of the amorphous Zr₇₀Cu₂₀Ni₁₀ alloy are discussed in terms of the genetics of metals.     

左右手系材料界面处全反射行为的特性

基于电磁场理论，推导了左右手系材料界面处发生全反射时的物理特性，分析了相位变化情况.提出利用左右手系材料构成周期性结构，观测全反射时介质中隐失波干涉的实验设想，并从理论上计算了干涉条纹的分布. 关键词： 左手材料 负折射率 全反射 隐失波     

中高能电子被甲烷及氯代甲烷散射的总截面

利用可加性规则，使用HartreeFock波函数，采用由束缚原子概念修正过的复光学势（由静 电势、交换势、修正极化势及吸收势这四部分组成），在较大的能量(30—5000eV)范围内对 电子被甲烷及氯代甲烷（CH₄，CCl₄，CHCl₃，CH₂Cl₂和CH ₃Cl）散射的总截面进行了计算，且将计算结果与实验结果及其他理论计算 结果进行 了比较.结果表明，利用被束缚原子概念修正过的复光学势及可加性规则进行计算，所得结 果的精度要比利用未被束缚原子概念修正的复光学势及可加性规则进行计算得到的结果好很 多.因此，在复光学势中采用束缚原子概念可提高电子被分子散射的总截面的计算准确度. 关键词： 电子散射 可加性规则 束缚原子 总截面