氮杂环卡宾羰基氯钌配合物的合成、晶体结构及催化性质(英文)

合成了2个N-杂环卡宾钌配合物[RuCl2(L1)(CO)](1),L1=(2,6-二(甲基咪唑-2-鎓盐)吡啶)和[RuCl2(L2)(CO)](2),L2=(2,6-二(正丁基-2-鎓盐)吡啶),并通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和核磁共振碳谱对它们的结构进行了表征,X-射线单晶衍射测定了配合物2的分子结构,结果表明配合物2属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,a=1.814 8(4)nm,b=1.129 2(3)nm,c=1.119 6(2)nm,β=108.862(3)°,且中心Ru(Ⅱ)离子是六配位,同时研究了配合物1和2在Suzuki-Miyaura偶联反应中的催化性质。     

Fabrication of temperature-sensitive imprinted polymer hydrogel

Weakly cross-linked temperature sensitive gels that memorize 4-aminopyridine molecules were designed and synthesized. The polymer gels show special selectivity, good thermo-sensitivity and reusability, which would have an enormous potential of application in drug controlled release systems.     

环状低聚糖──β－环糊精与胆红素包络作用的研究

环状低聚糖──β－环糊精与胆红素包络作用的研究赵晓斌，何炳林（南开大学高分子化学研究所，天津，３０００７１）关键词β－环糊精，胆红素，包络作用，环状低聚糖，包络化合物环糊精（ＣＤｓ）是一类含６、７、８等数目的葡萄糖基单元通过α－１，４－糖苷键联结而成...     

Structure and isomerization of O,O-phenylene penta-coordinated phosphoryl serine

A stable penta-coordinated serine-carboxylic-phosphoric anhydride may be synthesized at temperatures below −18 °C. Above that temperature, the product was shown to isomerize to another penta-coordinated phosphorus compound, which was proven by the change in the magnitude of observed P–C coupling constants. The mechanism for the anhydride to ester isomerization might provide a clue to the proposal of high-energy supply for biochemistry. Organic bases were shown to exert little influence on the rate of isomerization.     

脉冲激光探测平面目标特性对测距分布的影响

针对脉冲激光近程探测系统平面目标特性影响测距分布的问题,推导了平面目标脉冲响应方程和脉冲激光回波方程,分析了不同平面目标倾斜角、激光发射发散角和激光发射脉宽对激光回波展宽的影响.基于脉冲激光回波方程和恒阈值时刻鉴别方法,推导了平面目标的测距概率密度函数解析式,并理论仿真分析了不同平面目标倾斜角、激光发射功率、激光发射发散角及阈噪比对测距统计特性分布的影响.运用蒙特卡罗算法进行全波形模拟测距实验;搭建脉冲激光测距实验环境,进行20 m测距实验.实验结果表明:理论仿真、蒙特卡罗模拟实验与实际实验的测距概率密度分布基本一致,随着平面目标倾斜角的增大,测距均值和测距方差增大;当倾斜角度为0°,20°,40°,60°时,回波信噪比高于阈噪比,测距分布呈现高斯分布;当倾斜角度为70°时,回波信噪比低于阈噪比,分布不再呈现高斯分布,呈现上升沿缓下降沿陡的分布特性.研究结果为研究目标平面特性对脉冲激光探测测距分布的影响提供了理论依据.     

A simple dual-channel sensor for detecting cyanide in water with high selectivity and sensitivity

Taking advantage of the special nucleophilicity of cyanide, a new simple colorimetric chemosensor has been synthesised. This allows a deprotonation reaction to monitoring the cyanide. With the addition of CN^? to the chemosensor aqueous solution, which could induce a change in the solution colour from yellowish to deep yellow, while no colour change could be observed in the presence of other hackneyed anions, by which CN^? can be distinguished from other anions immediate with the naked eye. At the same time, a fluorescence quenching was implemented upon adding cyanide into the chemosensor aqueous solution. The absorption spectra detection limits of the chemosensor for cyanide was 5.35 × 10^?8 M and the fluorescence spectra detection limit was 2.63 × 10^?8 M. The cyanide test strips based on the chemosensor could serve as a convenient cyanide test kits. Furthermore, the chemosensor was successfully applied to detect cyanide in sprouting potatoes.     

三丁基膦催化N-苄基马来酰亚胺三分子串联环化反应*——介绍一个有机化学综合实验

介绍一个有机化学综合实验,实验以N-苄基马来酰亚胺为反应物,在三丁基膦催化下发生自身三分子串联环化反应生成N-苄基马来酰亚胺三聚体,并利用核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)、碳谱(¹³C NMR)和X射线单晶衍射对产物结构进行表征。有机化学综合实验不仅可以有效提升学生的基本实验操作能力,巩固对专业知识的理解,而且有利于培养学生严谨的科学态度和科研兴趣,为后续的学习和深造打下坚实基础。     

Detection of sulfur-fumigated paeoniae alba radix in complex preparations by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Detection of sulfur-fumigated Paeoniae Alba Radix (PAR) in different complex preparations is challenging due to the relatively lower content of PAR and interference from more complicated components in complex preparations with different multiple constituent herbs. In this study, a high performance liquid chromatography- triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for detecting sulfur-fumigated PAR in different complex preparations. Paeoniflorin, the major component of PAR, and paeoniflorin sulfonate, the characteristic artifact transformed from paeoniflorin during sulfur-fumigation of PAR, were used as chemical markers. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) scan was employed to maximize sensitivity and selectivity. Through optimizing full mass scan and daughter ion scan conditions, two mass transitions were selected and employed respectively for unequivocal identification of paeoniflorin and paeoniflorin sulfonate. The detection limits for paeoniflorin and paeoniflorin sulfonate using MRM were much lower than those detected with UV 270 nm. Paeoniflorin and paeoniflorin sulfonate could be simultaneously detected in different commercial PAR-containing complex preparations without interference of other components using the established method, indicating that the newly established method was selective and sensitive enough for screening sulfur-fumigated PAR in commercial complex preparations.     

利用重要度评价矩阵确定复杂网络关键节点

为了对复杂网络节点重要度进行评估,针对节点删除法、节点收缩法和介数法的不足,通过定义节点效率和节点重要度评价矩阵, 提出了一种利用重要度评价矩阵来确定复杂网络关键节点的方法.该方法综合考虑了节点效率、节点度值和相邻节点的重要度贡献,用节点度值和效率值来表征其对相邻节点的重要度贡献,其优化算法的时间复杂度为O(Rn²). 实验分析表明该方法可行有效,对于大型复杂网络可以获得理想的计算能力.     

相对论效应对类锂离子能级结构及辐射跃迁性质的影响

利用基于多组态Dirac-Hartree-Fock(MCDHF) 理论方法的相对论原子结构计算程序包GRASP2K, 细致计算了中性锂原子、类锂Be⁺, C³⁺, O⁵⁺, Ne⁷⁺, Ar¹⁵⁺, Fe²³⁺, Mo³⁹⁺, W⁷¹⁺及U^{89 +} 离子基组态及较低的激发组态1s²nl (n = 2---4, l =s,p,d,f) 的精细结构能级, 以及各能级间发生电偶极(E1) 自发辐射跃迁的能量、概率及振子强度. 同时, 在非相对论极限下, 计算了其相关原子参数. 通过对相对论及非相对论计算结果的比较, 系统研究了相对论效应对类锂等电子系列离子能级结构及E1跃迁性质的影响, 揭示了随原子核电荷数Z变化时, 跃迁能、振子强度强烈依赖于量子数n, l, j变化的规律; 同时, 目前的计算结果与其他已有的理论计算及实验测量结果进行了比较.