激光通道传输热特性对远场光束质量的影响

 通过仿真计算分析了激光在光束控制系统通道内传输所产生的热效应及其对远场光束质量的影响。激光传播由近轴波方程描述，用快速傅里叶变换技术求解；激光热效应引起的流场密度变化采用完全Navier-Stokes方程计算。计算给出了不同波长、不同吸收系数条件下的远场光斑情况。计算结果表明，在典型的工作条件和状态下，较高能量激光在光束控制系统通道内产生的热效应影响不容忽视，它会明显降低远场目标处的能量集中度，增大光斑的发散。     

金属组学在急性心肌梗死早期诊断的应用

为探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者血清中K⁺、Na⁺、Ca²⁺、Fe²⁺、Mg²⁺含量变化,并研究其与心肌梗死患者之间的关系。选取2022年5月至2023年2月收治的AMI患者37例,同时选取健康体检者35例作为对照组。依据入院时或体检时收集的抽血样本进行临床生化分析,比较两组间血清K⁺、Na⁺、Ca²⁺、Fe²⁺、Mg²⁺含量,采用判别方程、主成分分析法(PCA),判断分析哪种金属离子对于心肌梗死的诊断价值大。结果表明,AMI患者的血清中Ca²⁺和Fe²⁺含量低于健康对照组,差异具有统计学意义。基于血钙、铁水平两组具有显著性差异,以它们为基础进行判别分析,获得判别函数式。将血清中K⁺、Na⁺、Ca²⁺、Fe²⁺、Mg²⁺     

三重四极杆电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定氧化铕中13种稀土杂质元素

稀土杂质元素直接影响高纯单金属稀土材料的整体性能,是高科技领域许多材料的重要组成部分。通过考察最佳的消解酸量、温度、时间、氧气反应气流量、稀释气流量,建立了基于三重四极杆电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS/MS)直接测定氧化铕中13种稀土杂质元素分析方法。该方法采用0.1%基体直接进样,可以很大程度提高前处理分析效率。利用碰撞模式测定氧化铕稀土中的Y、La、Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Yb、Lu元素,氧气质量转移模式测定氧化铕中的Tm,两种模式结合可以有效去除多原子干扰,实现氧化铕的稳定测试分析。通过对氧化铕标准物质（GBW02902）直接测定分析,结果表明,在碰撞和氧气质量转移模式下,各元素线性相关系数（r）均大于 0.9999,方法检出限为0.001~0.023 mg/kg,测试精密度优于1.99%,13种元素的测试值都在认定值的不确定度范围之内。该分析方法操作简单,测试稳定,效率高,为实验室进行氧化铕材料中REE杂质的准确测试分析提供思路和借鉴。     

Visible Light-Driven Alkyne-Grafted Ethylene-Bridged Azobenzene Chromophores for Photothermal Utilization

Molecular photoswitches are considered to be important candidates in the field of solar energy storage due to their sensitive and reversible bidirectional optical response. Nevertheless, it is still a daunting challenge to design a molecular photoswitch to improve the low solar spectrum utilization and quantum yields while achieving charging and discharging of heat without solvent assistance. Herein, a series of visible-light-driven ethylene-bridged azobenzene (b-Azo) chromophores with different alkyne substituents which can undergo isomerization reactions promoted in both directions by visible light are reported. Their visible light responsiveness improves their solar spectrum utilization while also having high quantum yields. In addition, as the compounds are liquids, there is no need to dissolve the compounds in order to exploit this switching. The photoisomerization of b-Azo can be adjusted by alkyne-related substituents, and hexyne-substituted b-Azo is able to store and release photothermal energy with a high density of 106.1 J·g⁻¹, and can achieve a temperature increase of 1.8 °C at a low temperature of −1 °C.     

交叉分段差分进化支持向量回归的气体超声 流量计测量方法

为了进一步提高全量程气体超声流量计的测量精度,基于多通道声波到时和实时温度,提出了一种交叉分段差分进化(Differential Evolution)支持向量回归(Support Vector Regression)DE-SVR模型。考虑到气体在不同流量条件下的流体状态不同,提出了交叉分段处理的方法,采用DE算法优化选取SVR参数。实验结果表明,对于16~1600m3/h全量程,交叉分段DE-SVR和传统积分方法计算气体流量的平均相对误差分别为0.00447和0.02781,前者较后者降低了83.93%;对于16~160m3/h小流量,交叉分段DE-SVR和无分段DE-SVR算法计算结果平均相对误差分别为0.00436和0.03214,前者较后者降低了86.43%。该方法有效避免了声道长度、探头角度以及管道直径等参数不确定性对流量计算的影响,为全量程气体流量的高精度测量提供了保障。     

声波团聚净化尿素造粒塔尾气实验研究*

尿素造粒塔大多采用水洗工艺处理尾气粉尘,存在较为严重的细颗粒粉尘溢出和水汽拖尾问题,因此深入探究声波团聚技术在造粒塔尾气处理方面的应用。通过实验研究了声波与喷雾对除尘效率的影响,发现声波单独作用时在3500 Hz达到最佳除尘效率,为74.49%,协同喷雾时2600 Hz即可实现相近的除尘效率,为73.83%。进一步探究其中机理,采用以粒径测试为依据的团聚效率作为评价指标,结果显示,2600 Hz声波与喷雾单独作用时团聚效率分别为30.37%和28.82%,协同作用时团聚效率大幅提升至57.95%。该研究可为后续造粒塔工程改造提供理论与数据支持。     

Optimal Energy-Storage Configuration for Microgrids Based on SOH Estimation and Deep Q-Network

Energy storage is an important adjustment method to improve the economy and reliability of a power system. Due to the complexity of the coupling relationship of elements such as the power source, load, and energy storage in the microgrid, there are problems of insufficient performance in terms of economic operation and efficient dispatching. In view of this, this paper proposes an energy storage configuration optimization model based on reinforcement learning and battery state of health assessment. Firstly, a quantitative assessment of battery health life loss based on deep learning was performed. Secondly, on the basis of considering comprehensive energy complementarity, a two-layer optimal configuration model was designed to optimize the capacity configuration and dispatch operation. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed method in microgrid energy storage planning and operation was verified by experimentation. By integrating reinforcement learning and traditional optimization methods, the proposed method did not rely on the accurate prediction of the power supply and load and can make decisions based only on the real-time information of the microgrid. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed method and existing methods were analyzed, and the results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the performance of dynamic planning for energy storage in microgrids.     

A Comprehensive Review of Rosmarinic Acid: From Phytochemistry to Pharmacology and Its New Insight

Polyphenolic acids are the widely occurring natural products in almost each herbal plant, among which rosmarinic acid (RA, C₁₈H₁₆O₈) is well-known, and is present in over 160 species belonging to many families, especially the Lamiaceae. Aside from this herbal ingredient, dozens of its natural derivatives have also been isolated and characterized from many natural plants. In recent years, with the increasing focus on the natural products as alternative treatments, a large number of pharmacological studies have been carried out to demonstrate the various biological activities of RA such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-virus, anti-tumor, neuroprotection, hepatoprotection, etc. In addition, investigations concerning its biosynthesis, extraction, analysis, clinical applications, and pharmacokinetics have also been performed. Although many achievements have been made in various research aspects, there still exist some problems or issues to be answered, especially its toxicity and bioavailability. Thus, we hope that in the case of natural products, the present review can not only provide a comprehensive understanding on RA covering its miscellaneous research fields, but also highlight some of the present issues and future perspectives worth investigating later, in order to help us utilize this polyphenolic acid more efficiently, widely, and safely.     

圆柱类构件超声相控阵聚焦模型

在利用平面相控阵超声换能器对圆柱类构件检测时,受曲界面结构引起的入射波和回波时延的影响,扫描声束的波阵面产生弯曲,在利用传统迭代遍历算法计算延迟时间时效率低,无法发挥相控阵换能器检测优势。针对上述问题,建立了一种基于圆柱类构件特征和耦合介质特性的超声相控阵扫描成像的聚焦模型。该模型基于换能器、耦合介质、圆柱类构件材料特性和几何关系以及声线模型和折射定律,建立了耦合介质及被检构件的声速、曲面曲率半径、阵列与曲面间的距离等关联的延迟时间聚焦控制模型。利用该模型计算出的延时时间,对各阵元发射时间进行控制,从而实现扫描声束的聚焦。该文以液体和有机玻璃制介质楔块为例,对圆柱钢曲面的相控阵声束聚焦进行了仿真实验,结果表明该文方法计算效率显著提升,同时声束可以在预设位置实现聚焦,验证了该模型在计算效率上的优势与有效性。     

Designable assembly of atomically precise Al4O4 cubane supported mesoporous heterometallic architectures

Heterometallic cluster-based framework materials are of interest in terms of both their porous structures and multi-metallic reactivity. However, such materials have not yet been extensively investigated because of difficulties in their synthesis and structural characterization. Herein, we reported the designable synthesis of atomically precise heterometallic cluster-based framework compounds and their application as catalysts in aldol reactions. By using the synergistic coordination protocol, we successfully isolated a broad range of compounds with the general formula, [Al₄M₄O₄(L)₁₂(DABCO)₂] (L = carboxylates; DABCO = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]-octane; M²⁺ = Co²⁺, Mn²⁺, Zn²⁺, Fe²⁺, Cd²⁺). The basic heterometallic building blocks contain unprecedented main-group γ-alumina moieties and surrounding unsaturated transition metal centers. Interestingly, the porosity and interpenetration of these frameworks can be rationally regulated through the unprecedented strategy of increment of the metal radius in addition to general introduction of sterically bulky groups on the ligand. Furthermore, these porous materials are effective catalysts for aldol reactions. This work provides a catalytic molecular model platform with accurate molecular bonding between the supporters and catalytically active metal ions.

Mesoporous heterometallic architectures are designed by the incorporation of the Al₄O₄ cubane and interpenetration regulation.