Preparation and characterization of Ag nanoparticle-embedded polymer electrospun nanofibers

Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) nanofibers embedding Ag nanoparticles (5–18 nm) have been prepared successfully by electrospinning at room temperature. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier transform IR spectra (FTIR), and Raman scattering were used to characterize the structure and properties of Ag nanoparticle-embedded PVA and PVP nanofibers before and after heat treatment at different temperature. The antibacterial activity of Ag nanoparticle-embedded PVP nanofibers after heat treatment was also tested, which indicated that the biological activity of yeast cells was effectively inhibited by these Ag nanoparticle-embedded PVP nanofibers.     

利用金属筛网拓展光栅衍射实验

为拓展大学物理实验中光栅衍射实验的内容,使其更贴近生活,实验现象形式多样,利用生产生活中常用的金属筛网作为二维光栅设计实验内容。通过筛网的衍射,可直观地观察到二维光栅的衍射现象,并分析了不同衍射图像产生的原因。通过两种不同的方案测量衍射角,从而计算出筛网的关键参数-网孔尺寸。     

One-step hydrothermal synthesis of feather duster-like NiS@MoS<Subscript>2</Subscript> with hierarchical array structure for the Pt-free dye-sensitized solar cell

Novel feather duster-like nickel sulfide (NiS) @ molybdenum sulfide (MoS₂) with hierarchical array structure is synthesized via a simple one-step hydrothermal method, in which a major structure of rod-like NiS in the center and a secondary structure of MoS₂ nanosheets with a thickness of about 15–55 nm on the surface. The feather duster-like NiS@MoS₂ is employed as the counter electrode (CE) material for the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), which exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity due to its feather duster-like hierarchical array structure can not only support the fast electron transfer and electrolyte diffusion channels, but also can provide high specific surface area (238.19 m² g^?1) with abundant active catalytic sites and large electron injection efficiency from CE to electrolyte. The DSSC based on the NiS@MoS₂ CE achieves a competitive photoelectric conversion efficiency of 8.58%, which is higher than that of the NiS (7.13%), MoS₂ (7.33%), and Pt (8.16%) CEs under the same conditions.

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Graphical abstract Novel feather duster-like NiS@MoS₂ hierarchical structure array with superior electrocatalytic activity was fabricated by a simple one-step hydrothermal method.

     

Monitoring canopy nitrogen status in winter wheat of growth anaphase with hyperspectral remote sensing

Biomass, leaf area index (LAI) and nitrogen status are important parameters for indicating crop growth potential and photosynthetic productivity in wheat. Nondestructive, quick assessment of leaf dry weight, LAI and nitrogen content is necessary for nitrogen nutrition diagnosis and cultural regulation in wheat production. In order to establish the monitoring model of nitrogen richness in winter wheat of growth anaphase, studying the relationship between the nitrogen richness (NR) containing nitrogen density, LAI and leaf dry weight and the difference of hyperspectral reflectance rates (deltaR), we conducted a comparable experiment with five winter wheat varieties under nitrogen application level of 0, 100, 200 and 400 kg x N x ha(-1). The results indicated the NRs of the different varieties of winter wheat leaves increased with increasing growth stage while in the different nitrogen levels it was sequenced as: NO>N3>N1>N2. Twelve vegetation indices were compared with corresponding NR. The NR had significantly negative correlation to TCARI and VD672 in those vegetation indices, and their correlations (r) arrived at 0.870 and 0.855, respectively. The coefficients of determination (R2) of two models were 0.757 and 0.731 by erecting model with the two indexes and NR Root mean square error (RMSE), relative error (RE) and determination coefficient between measured and estimated NR were employed to test the model reliability and predicting accuracy. Accuracy rates of the models based on TCARI and VD672 achieved 84.56% and 80.13%. The overall results suggested that leaf nitrogen status of growth anaphase in winter wheat has stable relationships with some vegetation indexes, especially index of TCARI and VD672.     

Normally-Ordered Time Evolution Operator for Mass-Varying Harmonic Oscillator and Wigner Function of Squeezed Number State

For investigating dynamic evolution of a mass-varying harmonic oscillator we constitute a ket-bra integration operator in coherent state representation and then perform this integral by virtue of the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators. The normally ordered time evolution operator is thus obtained. We then derive the Wigner function of u（t）｜n,〉, where ｜n〉 is a Fock state, which exhibits a generalized squeezing, the squeezing effect is related to the varying mass with time.     

Operator Formulas Involving Generalized Stirling Number Derived by Virtue of Normal Ordering of Vacuum Projector

By virtue of the normal ordering of vacuum projector we directly derive some new complicated operator identities, regarding to the generalized Stirling number.     

Analysis of photonic band gaps in a two-dimensional photonic crystal with centrifugal core-shell rods

The absolute photonic band gap (PBG) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal with excentric core-shell rods is studied in this paper. The core rod shifts away from the core-shell rod center, and its position is decided by two new introduced parameters — the shift angle θ and the offset ρ. We use the FDTD algorithm to calculate the photonic bands of the photonic crystal, and analyze how the offset and shift angle affect the photonic bang gap of excentric core-shell photonic crystal for different core rod size. It has been shown that the variation of the photonic band gap is quite peculiar.     

颗粒与顺列管束磨损的数值模拟

采用直接数值模拟方法模拟了在管道中直径80μm的颗粒对顺列10×10管束的碰撞和磨损.圆管与流场流体之间的相互作用采用内嵌边界方法进行计算并得到流场结构.颗粒的运动采用了拉格朗日跟踪方法计算并与流场之间进行了双向耦合.计算分析了沿流向以及垂直于流向各排管束受到颗粒的碰撞产生的磨损量.计算结果表明沿流向第三排管束以后的各排管束应采取防磨措旌.