侧面研磨光纤Bragg光栅的外部折射率敏感特性研究

光纤Bragg光栅对外界折射率的变化不灵敏,无法直接作为气体、液体等的敏感元件.侧面研磨的光纤Bragg光栅,一侧包层减小至几微米,其辐射场可通过包层透射到被传感物质,因而被传感物质的折射率的变化可以改变光纤的有效折射率,从而使光栅的Bragg波长产生位移.实验中利用不同浓度的NaCl溶液来改变光纤光栅的外部折射率,Bragg中心波长的偏移量和浓度近似为线性关系.同时,透射功率的变化量和浓度也近似为线性关系.     

塑料光纤微分模延迟的频域相移法研究

塑料光纤的微分模延迟数据对研究塑料光纤的色散特性具有非常重要的意义。采用频域相移法测量了不同长度的两种折射率分布塑料光纤：阶跃型塑料光纤(SI—POF)和渐变型塑料光纤(GI—POF)的微分模延迟曲线。实验结果表明,由于短光纤可以忽略模式耦合和模式损耗,1m塑料光纤的微分模延迟测量值与理论计算值吻合得非常好。因此,频域相移法可以简单、方便、精确地测量塑料光纤的微分模延迟。此外,通过比较不同长度塑料光纤的微分模延迟曲线的变化,可在一定程度上分析光纤中存在的模式耦合。     

20Gb/s系统中偏振模色散的偏振度反馈控制分析

基于主偏振态理论和一阶偏振模色散近似,推导出光信号偏振度的一个简洁解析表达式。并利用该解析表达式和快速傅里叶变换,对20Gb／s系统的偏振模色散补偿中,偏振度监测法的灵敏度和跟踪范围受多种因素(如脉冲啁啾、占空比、消光比、放大自发辐射噪声、自相位调制等)的影响程度进行了数值模拟分析。发现利用偏振度监测法反馈控制偏振模色散补偿时,监测灵敏度和跟踪范围是折中的,较小的占空比有利于提高偏振度监测法的灵敏度,而且总可以对高达1．5个位周期(75ps)的差分群延时进行跟踪,但当占空比低于0．5时,跟踪范围迅速缩小,消光比和放大自发辐射噪声不会明显改变偏振度监测法的跟踪范围,自相位调制效应显著地影响偏振度监测法的性能。     

A POSTERIORI ERROR ESTIMATES OF A NON-CONFORMING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR PROBLEMS WITH ARTIFICIAL BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

An a posteriori error estimator is obtained for a nonconforming finite element approximation of a linear elliptic problem, which is derived from a corresponding unbounded domain problem by applying a nonlocal approximate artificial boundary condition. Our method can be easily extended to obtain a class of a posteriori error estimators for various conforming and nonconforming finite element approximations of problems with different artificial boundary conditions. The reliability and efficiency of our a posteriori error estimator are rigorously proved and are verified by numerical examples.     

秦岭山脉华溪蟹属(Sinopotamon)淡水蟹DNA条形码

选取秦岭山脉地区华溪蟹属(Sinopotamon)淡水蟹进行DNA条形码研究,探讨DNA条形码在华溪蟹分类中的适用性。经与模式标本比对,采集样本为光泽华溪蟹指名亚种(Sinopotamon davidi davidi)、尖叶华溪蟹(S.acutum)、长安华溪蟹(S.changanense)和陕西华溪蟹(S.shensiense);选择线粒体COI基因片段及核ITS2序列片段作为DNA条形码,经DNA提取、PCR扩增、产物纯化测序及测序数据分析,发现ITS2序列获取效率过低,不适宜作为DNA条形码;将实验获得62条COI序列与GenBank中的55条华溪蟹COI序列共同组成数据集,构建的NJ、ML树可明确鉴别光泽华溪蟹指名亚种(S.davidi davidi)、兰氏华溪蟹(S.lansi)、长江华溪蟹指名亚种(S.yangtsekiense yangtsekiense)、凹肢华溪蟹(S.depressum)及福建华溪蟹(S.fukienense),但尖叶华溪蟹(S.acutum)与长安华溪蟹(S.changanense)、陕西华溪蟹(S.shensiense)与长江华溪蟹桐柏亚种(S.yangtsekiense tongbaiense)及陕县亚种(S.yangtsekiense shanxianense)均因遗传距离过小而无法鉴别;NJ树显示长安华溪蟹(S.changanense)、尖叶华溪蟹(S.acutum)基本依据在秦岭两侧分布而分为两支,提示山脉对于华溪蟹分布起一定阻隔作用。     

Pristimerin, a triterpenoid, inhibits tumor angiogenesis by targeting VEGFR2 activation

Pristimerin is a triterpenoid isolated from Celastrus and Maytenus spp. that has been shown to possess a variety of biological activities, including anti-cancer activity. However, little is known about pristimerin's effects on tumor angiogenesis. In this study, we examined the function and the mechanism of this compound in tumor angiogenesis using multiple angiogenesis assays. We found that pristimerin significantly reduced both the volume and weight of solid tumors and decreased angiogenesis in a xenograft mouse tumor model in vivo. Pristimerin significantly inhibited the neovascularization of chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) in vivo and abrogated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced microvessel sprouting in an ex vivo rat aortic ring assay. Furthermore, pristimerin inhibited the VEGF-induced proliferation, migration and capillary-like structure formation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a concentration-dependent manner. Mechanistic studies revealed that pristimerin suppressed the VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGF receptor 2 kinase (KDR/Flk-1) and the activity of AKT, ERK1/2, mTOR, and ribosomal protein S6 kinase. Taken together, our results provide evidence for the first time that pristimerin potently suppresses angiogenesis by targeting VEGFR2 activation. These results provide a novel mechanism of action for pristimerin which may be important in the treatment of cancer.     

Reducing Subspaces of Toeplitz Operators on $N_ϕ$-Type Quotient Modules on the Torus

In this paper, we prove that the Toeplitz operator with finite Blaschke product symbol $S_{ψ(z)}$ on $N_ϕ$ has at least $m$ non-trivial minimal reducing subspaces, where $m$ is the dimension of $H^2(Γ_ω) ⊖ ϕ(ω)H^2 (Γ_ω)$. Moreover, the restriction of $S_{ψ(z)}$ on any of these minimal reducing subspaces is unitary equivalent to the Bergman shift $M_z$.     

用统一耦合模理论分析含布拉格光栅的对称光纤耦合器的传输特性

利用由麦克斯韦方程组直接导出的统一耦合模理论分析各类型的含布拉格光栅的对称光纤耦合器的传输特性。与以前发表的分析方法不同,对于含布拉格光栅的耦合区域,统一耦合模型理论同时考虑了布拉格光栅和耦合的耦合作用。模拟结果证明它能精确地模拟和解释各种类型的含布拉格光栅的对称光纤耦合器的有关实验现象。     

Dynamic hollow fiber-supported headspace liquid-phase microextraction

With the increasing concern over deteriorating environmental quality, the analysis of organic pollutants in air, water, and soil has become critically important. The development of simple, efficient, and inexpensive analytical sample pretreatment is crucial for monitoring and evaluating the environment. In this work, a dynamic hollow-fiber supported headspace liquid-phase microextraction (DHF-HS-LPME) approach was developed. In dynamic LPME, the extracting solvent is held within a hollow fiber, affixed to a syringe needle and immersed in the sample solution, and is moved to-and-fro by using a programmable syringe pump. The movement facilitates mass transfer from the sample to the solvent. Here, a similar approach was adopted, except that extraction was from the headspace rather than by direct immersion. Analysis of the extract was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The effect of sampling temperature, water, salt, dwelling time were investigated. Results indicated that this novel headspace microextraction method gave good analyte-enrichment factors, linear range, limits of detection and repeatability, all of which were evaluated by extracting PAHs from soil samples. This technique represents an inexpensive, convenient, fast and simple sample preparation of this class of semi-volatile organic compounds.     

Synthesis, characterization, and luminescence properties of the ternary europium complex covalently bonded to mesoporous SBA-15

A novel mesoporous SBA-15 type of hybrid material (phen-SBA-15) covalently bonded with 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligand was synthesized by co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and the chelate ligand 5-[N,N-bis-3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]ureyl-1,10-phenanthroline (phen-Si) in the presence of Pluronic P123 surfactant as a template. The preservation of the chelate ligand structure during the hydrothermal synthesis and the surfactant extraction process was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and (29)Si MAS NMR spectroscopies. SBA-15 consisting of the highly luminescent ternary complex Eu(TTA)(3)phen (TTA = 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone) covalently bonded to a silica-based network, which was designated as Eu(TTA)(3)phen-SBA-15, was obtained by introducing the Eu(TTA)(3).2H(2)O complex into the hybrid materials via a ligand exchange reaction. XRD, TEM, and N(2) adsorption measurements were employed to characterize the mesostructure of Eu(TTA)(3)phen-SBA-15. For comparison, SBA-15 doped with Eu(TTA)(3).2H(2)O and Eu(TTA)(3)phen complexes and SBA-15 covalently bonded with a binary europium complex with phen ligand were also synthesized, and were named SBA-15/Eu(TTA)(3), SBA-15/Eu(TTA)(3)phen, and Eu-phen-SBA-15, respectively. The detailed luminescence studies on all the materials showed that, compared with the doping sample SBA-15/Eu(TTA)(3)phen and binary europium complex functionalized sample Eu-phen-SBA-15, the Eu(TTA)(3)phen-SBA-15 mesoporous hybrid material exhibited higher luminescence intensity and emission quantum efficiency. Thermogravimetric analysis on Eu(TTA)(3)phen-SBA-15 demonstrated that the thermal stability of the lanthanide complex was evidently improved as it was covalently bonded to the mesoporous SBA-15 matrix.