S波段光纤拉曼放大器中级联受激布里渊散射串扰的实验研究

研究了光纤激光器前向抽运的S波段分布式光纤拉曼放大器中级联的受激布里渊散射(SBS)串扰现象。用窄光谱带宽(<100MHz)的可调谐激光二极管作为信号源,通过S波段分布式光纤拉曼放大器,当被放大的信号功率超过单模光纤受激布里渊散射的阈值时,出现了前向受激布里渊散射,这是传导声波布里渊散射在光纤放大器中放大的现象。随着拉曼放大器抽运功率的提高,在斯托克斯区,出现了两阶受激布里渊散射线,在实验中观测到偶数阶的受激布里渊散射谱线功率大于奇数阶的布里渊一瑞利散射线。当进一步增加拉曼放大器的抽运功率,出现了前向级联的多阶受激布里渊散射现象,拉曼放大器的增益下降,被放大的信号功率转换为受激布里渊散射,噪声变大。受激布里渊散射的串扰破坏了拉曼放大器的特性,使拉曼放大器无法在密集波分复用光纤传输系统中使用,因此需要严格地控制入纤的信号功率和放大器的抽运功率。在实验中还观测到在光纤拉曼放大器中被放大的信号光和受激布里渊散射线两侧的伴线。     

Use of pH-Zone Refining Countercurrent Chromatography for Preparative Separation of Fangchinoline and Tetrandrine from Stephania tetrandra

pH-Zone-refining countercurrent chromatography with a multilayer coil planet centrifuge has been successfully used for separation of fangchinoline and tetrandrine from crude extracts of Stephania tetrandra. The two target compounds were completely resolved by use of the two-phase solvent system petroleum ether (60–90 °C)–ethyl acetate–methanol–water 5:5:1:9 (v/v), with 10 mm triethylamine in the organic stationary phase and 5 mm hydrochloric acid in the aqueous mobile phase. Separation of 3.5 g sample yielded 126 mg fangchinoline (LC purity >93%) and 249 mg tetrandrine (LC purity >95%). The structures of the compounds were confirmed by use of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and ¹H NMR.     

Isolation and Identification of a Newly Isolated <Emphasis Type="Italic">Alternaria</Emphasis> sp. ND-16 and Characterization of Xylanase

Alternaria sp. ND-16, a bacterium isolated from soil sample, was identified as a strain of Alternaria mali based on the morphology and comparison of internal transcribed spacer rDNA gene sequence studies. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that this strain has xylanase activity, and the activity can be optimized under suitable growing conditions where wheat bran and urea are the primary sources of carbon and nitrogen. Partially purified xylanase from Alternaria sp. ND-16 is shown to have an optimal pH of 6.0 and optimal temperature of 50 °C, making this enzyme potentially suitable for industrial applications. It is also demonstrated that Na⁺ and Mn²⁺ show strong inhibition of the xylanase while K⁺, Li⁺, Fe²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Zn²⁺ have no significant effect on the activity.     

Facile preparation of methylcellulose/poly(vinyl alcohol)physical complex hydrogels with tunable thermosensitivity

Novel complex hydrogels of methylcellulose(MC)and poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)with wide-spectrum thermoresponsivity were prepared via physical and mild process.Thermal phase transition of MC/PVA hydrogels exhibited two forms including sol/sol to gel/sol and sol/gel to gel/gel.The phase transition temperature of MC/PVA solution ranged from 38.7 to 60.6℃and was able to be adjusted by simply changing the feeding ratios of two components.The interior morphology of MC/PVA gels was examined with fluorescence analy...     

Colorimetric and electrochemical Pb<Superscript>2+</Superscript> detection by imine-bridged tetrathiafulvalene-pyridine derivatives

Imine-bridged TTF-π-pyridine derivatives, 2NTTF, 3NTTF and 4NTTF, were synthesized and the cation-binding study was performed. It is noted that with the addition of the micromolar concentration of Pb²⁺ to the solution, these compounds display remarkable changes in solution color, ¹H NMR spectra and electrochemical properties. The nitrogen atom of the imine-bridge in 2NTTF not only serves as a π-conjugated spacer but also participates in the sensing and coordinating properties. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 20732007, 20728506 & 20672122), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant Nos. 2006CB806105, 2007CB808004, 2007CB936001 & 2009CB-22008) and the Bureau for Basic Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences     

Stochastic programming based capacity planning for semiconductor wafer fab with uncertain demand and capacity

Capacity planning is a challenging problem in semiconductor manufacturing industry due to high uncertainties both in market and manufacturing systems, short product life cycle, and expensive capital invest. To tackle this problem, this paper proposes a scenario-based stochastic programming model which considers demand and capacity uncertainties via scenarios, where the overall equipment efficiency is employed to describe the uncertain capacity for the first time. Based on the decentralized structure of tool procurement, production, stockout, and inventory decision-making processes, recourse approximation strategies are presented with varying degree of information share. The computational experiments show that the resulting tool set is robust enough to cope with the changes in capacity with the expected profits being maximized for different scenarios, and the scheme can generate pretty good solutions in reasonable computational time.     

Sz\`{a}sz-Mirakjan 算子拟中插式的点态逼近等价定理

Recently some classical operator quasi-interpolants were introduced to obtain much faster convergence. A.T. Diallo investigated some approximation properties of Szasz-Mirakjan Quasi-Interpolants, but he obtained only direct theorem with Ditzian-Totik modulus wφ^2r （f, t）. In this paper, we extend Diallo＇s result and solve completely the characterization on the rate of approximation by the method of quasi-interpolants to functions f ∈ CB[0, ∞） by making use of the unified modulus wφ^2r（f, t） （0≤λ≤ 1）.     

爆破动载作用下新喷射混凝土累积损伤效应的模型实验

利用模型实验的手段模拟了巷道的爆破掘进,并在实验中辅以声波测试,通过分析声波波速和声波波形的变化规律,研究了新喷射混凝土在多次爆破动载作用下的累积损伤效应。实验结果表明,爆破次数、与掌子面之间的距离和爆破药量均会影响喷射混凝土的累积损伤,这种影响体现在声波波速和波形2个方面:爆破次数增加、距离减小和药量增加,则声速降低值越大,波形变化越明显,即累积损伤值越大;爆破次数和距掌子面的距离均与累积损伤呈非线性关系,其中距离与爆破损伤之间的非线性关系可以用二次多项式进行较好的拟合;第一次爆破对声速和波形影响最大,造成的单次损伤值也最大;在小药量爆破的情况下,测试面的最大累积损伤值达到了0.1268,表明爆破近区喷射混凝土的损伤是需要关注的重点。     

基于光谱成像与光谱分析的壁画鉴赏研究

针对壁画鉴赏中对科学分析方法的需求,根据光谱成像及光谱分析方法在壁画处理中的特点与优势,重点讨论了光谱成像技术在壁画鉴赏处理中的应用,其可以辅助传统的专家经验鉴定方法,提供更丰富客观的画作信息,实现作品的鉴赏分析。光谱成像与分析方法是一类重要的科学分析方法,因其具有非接触、破损少甚至无破损、科学、准确、可量化等特点,可应用于壁画修复、信息提取、颜料分析、特征增强、鉴赏分析等。首先,从技术实现角度出发给出具体的鉴赏应用方向。然后,基于光谱特征分析、主成分分析、独立分量分析、相关性判别、人机交互处理等方法,对实际观测的韩休墓壁画进行实验处理,验证技术应用的实验效果,最后,结合应用实验提出包括规范化采集、图谱特征分析、图谱处理系统等关键技术还需进一步解决。实验结果表明,利用光谱成像分析技术可以实现壁画颜料信息的判读,隐藏信息的提取、弱信息的增强,不同属性的分类识别,同时,还可以综合特殊需求,开展画作图谱探索性研究,如壁画处理中的涂改小孩分析、画作修复等。     

A Frictional Heat Model of Planetary Roller Screw Mechanism Considering Load Distribution

Planetary roller screw (PRS), with higher thrust, higher load capacity, and higher speed, is the best choice of the transmission component of the servo system. However, spinning sliding of rollers and support bearings can cause frictional moments and frictional heat, which is an undesirable phenomenon. Besides, frictional heat will further result in high temperature that causes deterioration of lubrication and eventually lead to destruction of the mechanism. Therefore, it is important to predict frictional moments which result in frictional heat. In order to predict the magnitude of frictional heat of PRS mechanism and study the influence of structural parameters of thread and operating conditions on frictional heat, first, a frictional moment model of bearings is built, and frictional moments models of PRS considering the elastic hysteresis of material, the spinning sliding of the rollers, the viscosity of lubricating oil and the differential sliding of thread raceways are established in this paper, respectively. Second, heat generation models of bearing and PRS are presented, respectively. Finally, relationships between frictional heat in terms of operating conditions of PRS, contact angle, and helix angle of roller thread are investigated. The achievements of this project will provide theoretical basis for the design of PRS with lower frictional moments and higher transmission efficiency.