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21.
Ursula E. Spichiger Rudolf Eugster E. Haase G. Rumpf Peter Gehrig Angela Schmid Bruno Rusterholz Wilhelm Simon 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1991,341(12):727-731
Summary The selectivity of a new magnesium ionophore (ETH 7025) induced in membranes of different compositions is experimentally studied in view of the ion activities in human serum. The required selectivity coefficient against calcium for the application of an ion-selective magnesium electrode to human serum is calculated for the worst case. Other critical parameters for the application of a liquid PVC-based ion-selective membrane to undiluted human serum discussed are: the sensor lifetime which is related to the lipophilicity of the carrier as well as the ruggedness of the membrane against interactions with components of the relatively lipophilic sample. 相似文献
22.
Markus Lerchi Elmar Reitter Wilhelm Simon 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》1994,349(4):272-276
A pulsed molecular beam Fourier transform microwave spectrometer especially designed for the quantitative analysis of polar pollutants in air is presented. This very fast method has a sensitivity in the ppm range and can be applied to a wide variety of substances. Details of the apparatus and the results of some performance tests are given. 相似文献
23.
Jürg K. Schneider Peter Hofstetter Ern Pretsch Daniel Ammann Wilhelm Simon 《Helvetica chimica acta》1980,63(1):217-224
N,N,N′,N′-Tetrabutyl-3,6-dioxaoctane-dithioamide, an Ionophore with Selectivity for Cd2+ The dioxa-dithioamide 3 behaves as a highly selective ionophore for Cd2+ in solvent polymeric membranes. It induces cation-permselectivity in these membranes with a transference number of 1 for Cd(NO3)2- and of 2 for CdCl2-solutions. In the presence of a proton carrier, 3 may be used to selectively pump Cd2+ through membranes by coupling with a pH gradient. 相似文献
24.
M. Capitelli R. Celiberto C. Gorse R. Winkler J. Wilhelm 《Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing》1988,8(2):175-188
Electron energy distribution functions (EEDF) and related properties in the bulk region of the rf CO plasma at the reduced rf field frequency /p0=×107 sec–1 torr–1 have been calculated by solving the time-dependent spatially homogeneous Boltzmann equation in the presence of second-kind collisions and have been interpreted on a microphysical basis. The results show that second-kind collisions (vibrational and electronic) strongly affect the temporal evolution of EEDF, of the mean energy, and of the mean collision frequencies for vibrational and electronic excitation processes, as well as for ionization. In particular, second-kind collisions in the CO rf bulk plasma strongly decrease the modulation of the mean ionization frequency during its periodical alteration in the rf field. Furthermore, the effect of second-kind collisions on an approximate determination of the time-averaged EEDF in the rf bulk plasma using the so-called effective-field appriximation has been estimated. 相似文献
25.
Ernst Lücker Anton Rosopulo Wilhelm Kreuzer 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1991,340(4):234-241
Summary The function of solid sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (SS-GFAAS) in the laboratory-internal preparation, production and standardization of bovine liver reference material is described. Analytical quality assurance was achieved by using a wet digestion decomposition procedure and GFAAS (WD-GFAAS) as well as three different methods of SS-GFAAS. It will be shown, that SS-GFAAS is an adequate and efficacious method of analytical quality control in the production of reference materials. Details are given about the preliminary steps of sample selection and preparation, applying SS-GFAAS both as a screening method and for the detection of contamination during the production of the reference materials. The element contents of the four bovine liver materials measured after decomposition with nitric acid in the open system by GFAAS and also by Flame-AAS, using the slotted tube atom trap, are compared statistically with the results obtained by SS-GFAAS. In solid sampling analyses three different systems were applied: a solid sampling ZAA-spectrometer with platform-boat, a D2AA-spectrometer with solid sampling graphite tube and platform-drawer and an autoprobe-D2AA-spectrometer with solid sampling autoprobe and graphite tube. 相似文献
26.
Desmarestene 1 6-(1Z,3-butadienyl)-1,4-cycloheptadiene and viridiene 3 cis-3-(1Z, 3-butadienyl)-4-vinylcyclopentene are chemical messengers for male gametes of the brown algae Desmarestia aculeate and Desmarestia viridis. Total syntheses of 1 , 3 and their stereoisomers 1a , 3a - c are reported. Gas-chromatographic comparison of synthetic 1 and 3 with the corresponding natural products has established their structural identity. 相似文献
27.
The three new lignanoids 1 – 3 and the five new phyllocladane diterpenoids 7 – 11 were isolated from the leaves of Callicarpa furfuraceae, together with two known lignanoids, lariciresinol ( 4 ) and (+)‐sesamin ( 5 ), and five known diterpenoids, 17‐norphyllocladane‐3,16‐dion ( 6 ), calliterpenone ( 12 ), calliterpenone 17‐acetate ( 13 ), (3β,16α)‐phyllocladane‐3,16,17‐triol ( 14 ), and (3β,16α)‐phyllocladane‐3,16,17‐triol 17‐acetate ( 15 ). Their structures were established by spectral‐data interpretation. 相似文献
28.
Mass spectrometric identification and characterization of steroids using electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry has advantages in drug testing and doping control analysis attributable to limitations of gas chromatography followed by electron ionization mass spectrometry. Steroids with an androstadiene-17beta-ol-3-one nucleus and double bonds located either at C-1 and C-4, C-4 and C-9, or C-4 and C-6 were used to determine characteristic fragmentation pathways. Diagnostic dissociation routes are proposed using deuterium labeling, MS3 experiments, and analyses of structurally closely related compounds. Steroids such as boldenone (androst-1,4-diene-17beta-ol-3-one) produced characteristic product ions at m/z 121, 135, and 147. Compounds with double bonds at C-4 and C-9 generated abundant product ions at m/z 145 and 147. Conjugated double bonds at C-4 and C-6 gave rise to an intense and characteristic signal at m/z 133. Stereochemical differentiation between 5alpha- and 5beta-isomers of androstan-17beta-ol-3-ones was possible because of significant differences in relative abundance of product ions generated by elimination of acetone from alpha,beta-saturated 3-keto steroids. 相似文献
29.
A simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method, using photodiode array detection was developed for the determination
of propylene glycol in human plasma and in the fluid retreived after continuous veno-venous hemofiltration. The method entailed
alkaline derivatization with benzoyl chloride and ethylene glycol as internal standard. The separation of the compounds, after
extraction with pentane, was carried out on a Pursuit C8 column with UV-detection at 230 nm. Validation samples were analyzed
with an accuracy between 95 and 105%, and intra- and inter-day coefficients of variation of less than 8%. The calibration
curve was linear over a concentration range of 5–100 mg L−1 with a detection limit of 1 mg L−1. Blood plasma samples of several patients were analysed by using the prescribed method with propylene glycol concentrations
varying from 5 to 98 mg L−1. Compared to previously described LC methods, this method is ten times more sensitive and thus suitable for use in pharmacokinetic
studies of propylene glycol. 相似文献
30.
Zusammenfassung Das früher beschriebene1 Succinylzellulose-Papier wird als Ionenaustauscher zur weiteren papierchromatischen Trennung von Basengemischen verwendet. Getrennt wurden die Alkaloide der Morphingruppe und deren Abwandlungsprodukte, ferner die Alkaloide der Strychnin-, der Tropin-, der Cocaingruppe und andere Alkaloide.
Summary The succinyl-cellulose paper described previously1 is used as ion exchanger for additional paper chromatographic separations of mixtures of bases. Separations were accomplished of the alkaloids of the morphine group and their modification products, and also of the alkaloids of the strychnine-, tropine- and cocaine groups and other alkaloids.
Résumé On utilise le papier à la succinyl-cellulose déjà décrit1, comme écharigeur d'ions pour d'autres séparations par chromatographie sur papier de mélanges basiques. On a séparé ainsi les alcaloïdes du groupe de la morphine et leurs produits d'évolution, et en outre, les alcaloïdes des groupes de la strychnine, de la tropine et de la cocaïne et d'autres alcaloïdes.相似文献