糖尿病大鼠微量元素与动脉血栓形成的关系

为研究糖尿病大鼠微量元素的含量变化及其与动脉血栓形成的关系,用链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导出糖尿病大鼠模型,三氯化铁（FeCl3）造颈总动脉血栓后,测定血糖、胰岛素（INS）、6-酮-前列腺素F1α（6-K-PGF1α）、血栓素B2（TXB2）、内皮素（ET1）以及全血微量元素镁、锌含量。结果表明,①与正常对照组比,糖尿病大鼠的血糖、TXB2、ET1和锌的含量、ρ（TXB2）／ρ（6-K-PGF1α）、（T／P）比值及血栓质量增加（P〈0．05）,INS含量降低（P〈0．001）,镁和6-K-PGF1α含量无改变（P〉0．05）;②糖尿病组的TXB2与糖、锌（P=0．001）、胰岛素正相关（P=0．003）,ET1仅与锌正相关（P=0．096）,6-K-PGF1α与镁、锌无相关关系。提示：①糖尿病大鼠血管内皮功能受损,血液处于T／P失衡的高凝状态,更易形成动脉血栓;②糖和锌代谢紊乱在T／P失衡和内皮功能损伤中有重要作用。     

不用汞盐溶液的废水化学需氧量的快速测定

对测定废水的化学需氧量(COD)的标准方法(GB/T 11914-1989)作了两点改进:用硫酸锰代替硫酸银作催化剂和用少量银盐代表汞盐作为氯离子的掩蔽剂.这一改进使氧化时间由原来的2 h缩短为6 min,而且彻底消除了由汞离子所带来的污染问题.试验所得优化的测定条件为:加热温度为160℃;回流时间为6 min;酸度为15 mol·L-1;硫酸锰的加入量为7.5 g·L-1及测定下限为100 mg·L-1COD.     

A technique for production of nanocrystalline cellulose with a narrow size distribution

Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was prepared by sulfuric acid hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose. A differential centrifugation technique was studied to obtain NCC whiskers with a narrow size distribution. It was shown that the volume of NCC in different fractions had an inverse relationship with relative centrifugal force (RCF). The length of NCC whiskers was also fractionized by differential RCF. The aspect ratio of NCC in different fractions had a relatively narrow range. This technique provides an easy way of producing NCC whiskers with a narrow size distribution.     

YSZ电解质薄膜的制备方法

固体氧化物燃料电池(solid oxide fuel cells, SOFC)和固体氧化物电解池(solid oxide electrolytic cells, SOEC)制备的关键技术之一是在保证致密性的前提下将Y2O3稳定ZrO2(yttria-stabled zirconia, YSZ)电解质薄膜化.本文将YSZ电解质薄膜制备方法归类为陶瓷粉末法、化学法和物理法,综述了近年来这些方法的研究进展.通过对每种方法技术特点的说明和实例举证,探讨了这些方法的优、缺点和适用场合.最后,通过分析和比较,对YSZ薄膜化方法未来的发展进行了展望.     

Interaction of water-soluble calix[4]arene with l-tryptophan studied by fluorescence spectroscopy

The complexing ability of water-soluble calix[4]arene for l-tryptophan (l-try) was investigated by a variety of techniques. The spectrofluorometry titrations were performed at different temperatures to determine stability constants, as well as to evaluate the thermodynamic parameters of the obtained complex. The effect of pH on the complexation process was quantitatively assessed. Moreover, to obtain information about the binding mechanism of the interaction, ¹H NMR studies were carried out. Molecular modeling showed that water-soluble calix[4]arene accommodated part of l-amino acid in its cavity meanwhile the aliphatic chain of l-tryptophan stuck out of the cavity. Based on the experiment data, the association process of complexes was established. The water-soluble calix[4]arene was found to be able to adjust its conformation to fit the size of aromatic l-tryptophan, and the benzene ring of amino acid penetrated into the hydrophobic cavity of calix[4]arene.     

Investigation of double-stranded DNA/drug interaction by ESI/FT ICR: orientation of dissociations relates to stabilizing salt bridges

Noncovalent complexes of DNA and Hoechst 33258 were investigated by ESI-FT/ICR MS in various activation modes (collision-induced dissociation (CID), sustained off-resonance irradiation collision-induced dissociation (SORI-CID), infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) and electron detachment dissociation (EDD)). The binding selectivity of Hoechst 33258 was confirmed by the comparative study of its noncovalent association with different DNA sequences. The CID spectra of [ds + HO - 5H](5-) obtained with a linear hexapole ion trap resulted in unzipping of the strands. This outcome is a clue to the drug-binding mode, shading light on the localization of the binding sites of Hoechst 33258 to the DNA sequence. The IRMPD and SORI-CID experiments mainly gave DNA backbone cleavages and internal fragment ions. From this result, information on the localization of the binding sites of Hoechst 33258 in the DNA sequence was obtained. No sodium cationization was observed on the DNA sequence ions although they were present on fragmentation of the duplex, indicating that the backbone cleavages were generated from the single strand associated with the Hoechst 33258 where the number of alkali cation is restricted. Under electron detachment (ED) conditions, multiple EDs were achieved for the [ds + HO - 5H](5-) ion without any significant dissociation. The presence of drug appears to enhance the stability of the multiply charged system. It was proposed that the studied noncovalent complex involved the formation of zwitterions and consequently strong salt-bridge interactions between DNA and drug.     

Supramolecular Stuctures from Mononuclear,Binuclear and 2D Net of Copper(II) Complexes with 6‐Hydroxypicolinic Acid

First examples of transition metal complexes with HpicOH [Cu(picOH)₂(H₂O)₂] ( 1 ), [Cu(picO)(2,2′‐bpy)]·2H₂O ( 2 ), [Cu(picO)(4,4′‐bpy)_0.5(H₂O)]_n ( 3 ), and [Cu(picO)(bpe)_0.5(H₂O)]_n ( 4 ) (HpicOH = 6‐hydroxy‐picolinic acid; 2,2′‐bpy = 2,2′‐bipyridine; 4,4′‐bpy = 4,4′‐bipyridine; bpe = 1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethane) have been synthesized and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The results show that HpicOH ligand can be in the enol or ketonic form, and adopts different coordination modes under different pH value of the reaction mixture. In complex 1 , HpicOH ligand is in the enol form and adopts a bidentate mode. While in complexes 2 – 4 , as the pH rises, HpicOH ligand becomes in the ketonic form and adopts a tridentate mode. The coordination modes in complexes 1 – 4 have not been reported before. Because of the introduction of the terminal ligands 2,2′‐bpy, complex 2 is of binuclear species; whereas in complexes 3 and 4 , picO ligands together with bridging ligands 4,4′‐bpy and bpe connect Cu^II ions to form 2D nets with (12³)₂(12)₃ topology.     

Protein surface recognition of the novel tetra-carboxylphenyl calix[4]arene to cytochrome c

The interaction of the novel tetra-carboxylphenyl calix[4]arene （TCPC） with the bovine heart cytochrome c （Cc） was first investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular modeling methods. The formation of a stable 1：1 complex was monitored by fluorescence titration, and its binding constant is 1.916 ×10^7 L mol^-1. Molecular modeling reveals the recognition mechanism of TCPC to the Cc surface, that is, the electrostatic interaction drives TCPC to the Cc surface, and the van der Waals interaction orientates TCPC parallel to the cleft of Cc.     

SO2在Fe2O3颗粒表面不同温度下非均相反应的实验模拟

使用漫反射Fourier变换红外光谱(DFTIRS)、离子色谱(IC)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)对不同温度条件下SO2在α-Fe2O3颗粒表面的非均相反应过程进行实验模拟和监测,并分析了反应剧烈波段(8.7μm)的产物硫酸盐以及颗粒吸收和后向散射光学系数的变化.结果表明,在15-45℃内,硫酸盐生成量、生成速率以及吸收系数、后向散射系数都随反应温度的升高而呈现先增加后减少的趋势;同一反应温度下,硫酸盐生成速率随时间呈现先增大后减小,最后逐渐趋于稳定的演变;光学系数变化与硫酸盐生成量之间存在较好的指数关系.在当前全球气候变暖背景下,研究结果将对深入了解真实大气中SO2与矿尘非均相反应造成的气溶胶光学特性演变,以及定量评估其辐射强迫影响具有一定意义.     

Au/SBA-15 的制备及其催化 CO 氧化反应性能

 以 SBA-15 为载体, 采用沉积沉淀法制备了纳米 Au 催化剂, 研究了不同预处理条件对 Au 在载体表面状态的影响, 考察了催化剂样品催化 CO 氧化性能. 以高分辨率透射电子显微镜、N2 吸附、X 射线衍射、紫外-可见漫反射吸收谱、X 射线光电子能谱和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱等手段对催化剂的结构和表面性质进行了表征. 结果表明, 经还原焙烧处理后的 Au/SBA-15 催化剂热稳定性较好, Au 在 SBA-15 孔道表面呈高分散状态, 样品在 CO 氧化反应中表现出优异的低温催化活性和高温稳定性, 同时具有优异的抗烧结性能和良好的循环稳定性.