Model and empirical study on some collaboration networks

In this paper we present an empirical study of a few practical systems described by cooperation networks, and propose a model to understand the results obtained. We study four non-social systems, which are the Bus Route Networks of Beijing and Yangzhou, the Travel Route Network of China, Huai-Yang recipes of Chinese cooked food, and a social system, which is the Collaboration Network of Hollywood Actors. In order to explain the results related to the degree distribution, act-degree distribution and act-size distribution (especially about the degree distribution, which may be better fitted using a stretched exponential distribution (SED)), we suggest a simple model to show a possible evolutionary mechanism for the emergence of such networks. The analytic and numerical results obtained from the model are in good agreement with the empirical results.     

短路过渡电弧焊电流信号的近似熵分析

依据近似熵的理论和算法，从非线性角度对纯CO₂保护气体条件下短路过渡电弧焊的电流信号进行了近似熵分析.通过对不同的送丝速度、给定电压及气体流量下电流信号的近似熵计算和比较，表明近似熵可以作为短路过渡稳定性的评判标准.近似熵越大，波动越小，焊接过程就越稳定. 关键词： 非线性 近似熵 短路过渡 稳定性     

In situ preparation of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconducting films by laser sputtering

Superconducting films of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O on (100) MgO substrates have been fabricated by XeCl-excimer-laser sputtering from ceramic targets of Bi_2.5Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O_y in O₂ atmosphere. The films were polycrystalline with the c-axis (30.80±0.02Å) preferably oriented normal to the substrate surface. Without post-annealing the films showed metallic resistance behavior with zero resistance temperatures of up to T_c(0) }- 79 K. The critical current density of the films had values of up to j_c(50K)}- 10⁴ A/cm².     

A generalization of the weighted Strichartz estimates for wave equations and an application to self‐similar solutions

Weighted Strichartz estimates with homogeneous weights with critical exponents are proved for the wave equation without a support restriction on the forcing term. The method of proof is based on expansion by spherical harmonics and on the Sobolev space over the unit sphere, by which the required estimates are reduced to the radial case. As an application of the weighted Strichartz estimates, the existence and uniqueness of self‐similar solutions to nonlinear wave equations are proved on up to five space dimensions. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Ultrafast non-linear optical properties of Ge20As25Se55 chalcogenide films

The non-resonant third-order non-linear optical properties of amorphous Ge₂₀As₂₅Se₅₅ films were studied experimentally by the method of the femtosecond optical heterodyne detection of optical Kerr effect. The real and imaginary parts of complex third-order optical non-linearity could be effectively separated and their values and signs could be also determined, which were 6.6 × 10⁻¹² and −2.4 × 10⁻¹² esu, respectively. Amorphous Ge₂₀As₂₅Se₅₅ films showed a very fast response in the range of 200 fs under ultrafast excitation. The ultrafast response and large third-order non-linearity are attributed to the ultrafast distortion of the electron orbitals surrounding the average positions of the nucleus of Ge, As and Se atoms. The high third-order susceptibility and a fast response time of amorphous Ge₂₀As₂₅Se₅₅ films makes it a promising material for application in advanced techniques especially in optical switching.     

Novel photoswitching dithienylethenes with ferrocene units

Two novel dithienylethenes with ferrocene units were synthesized by Wittig reaction. The structure of 2a has been established by X‐ray diffraction studies. They could reversibly interconvert between two thermally stable forms, an open and a closed one, using light of different wavelengths as triggers. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

符号几何规划的一种分解方法

针对符号几何规划提出了一种直接的分解方法,将难于求解的符号几何规划问题等价地转化为一个非线性程度很低的可分离规划,为寻求困难度高且规模较大的符号几何规划问题的求解提供了一种方法,特别是经此方法分解后的每个子问题均易于求解,最后给出了数值实例,验证了此方法的有效性．     

基于界面跟踪方法的汽蚀模型和算法的有效性验证

针对两相附着汽蚀流动机理,基于界面跟踪方法发展了新的汽蚀模型和算法。所发展的汽蚀模型和算法不仅考虑了液相／气相界面处的压力差,而且考虑了耦合Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes方程求解技术得到的流场压力梯度信息来迭代计算附着汽蚀形状。采用具有试验数据的半球形头部圆柱体汽蚀绕流作为算例来验证所提出的汽蚀模型和算法的有效性。采用不同的网格数和松弛因子数值验证了发展的汽蚀模型和算法的有效性。三种汽蚀数下的数值计算结果得到的压力系数分布与试验数据完全吻合。结果表明所提出的汽蚀模型和算法能够准确模拟出汽蚀发生点和汽蚀长度。     

Dynamic behavior of discrete-time multiagent systems with general communication structures

In this paper, we discuss the dynamic behavior of networks of dynamic agents with general communication topologies. We first analyze the basic case: systems with communication topologies that have spanning trees, i.e., the systems that solve consensus problems. We establish an algebraic condition to characterize each agent's contributions to the final state. And we also study the influence of time-delays on each agent's contributions. Then, we investigate the general case: systems with weakly connected topologies. By using matrix theory, we prove that the states of internal agents will converge to a convex combination of boundary agents in the absence or presence of communication time-delays, and we also show that the coefficients of the convex combination are independent of time-delays even if the delays are time-varying. These results have broad applications in other areas, e.g., study of swarm behavior, formation control of vehicles, etc.     

Retracted: Determination of scutellarin isomer,a predominant metabolite of scutellarin,in human plasma by HPLC/tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in Chinese healthy volunteers

Retraction: The following article from Biomedical Chromatography, “Determination of scutellarin isomer, a predominant metabolite of scutellarin, in human plasma by HPLC/tandem mass spectrometry and its application to the pharmacokinetic study in Chinese healthy volunteers” by Chun‐hua Xia, Yu‐qing Xiong, and Guang‐ji Wang, published online on 21 June 2007 in Wiley Interscience (www.interscience.wiley.com/journal/bmc), has been retracted at the authors' request.