Chemical Constituents and Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Two Aglaia Species

In the course of searching bioactive natural products from the plant genus Aglaia, we selected two species, A. cordata and A. testicularis, for further chemical study. Totally twenty natural compounds were obtained and structurally elucidated with which eleven of them were discovered for the first time. Among these compounds, lignans, rocaglamides,aglains and bisamides were the main constituents of the two plant species. The results from a bioactive screening indicated that some of the lignans possess potent antibacterial and antifungal activity.     

新型Zhuo酚酮类糖苷化合物的合成

根据Zhuo酮的结构特点，对Zhuo酚酮类化合物与半乳糖的Kenigs-Knorr反应进 行了研究。探索出一种具有较高立体选择性的合成方法，从而制得四种具有β－构 型的单一端基异构体的Zhuo酚酮半乳糖苷新化合物。生成的新化合物不但保持了原 有的生理活性，而且降低了毒性、提高了药效，为人工合成Zhuo酚酮类增添新化合 物的同时，也扩展了此类化合物的应用领域。应用元素分析、核磁共振、红外光谱 表征了它们的结构。     

An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Acyl-diazenes Using NaNO_2/NaHSO_4·H_2O

Azo compounds are widely utilized as analytic reagents and dyes1, they can also be used in material of non-linear optics, material of optics information storing in laser disks, and dyes with oil solubility in photochromy in modern technology2. Recently, many noteworthy studies have shown that some azo compounds possess excellent optical memory and photoelectric properties3,4. For example, polymer scaffolds bearing azobenzene-potential are useful for optical information storage, azo-dye doped…     

A Novel, Simple and Efficient Synthesis of Ferrocenyl Enones and Alkynols

Propargylic alcohols are versatile precursors to many organic molecules including natural products and pharmaceutical compounds.[1] In our continuing interest in the development of practical methods for synthesis of ferrocene derivatives, we decided to investigate the efficiencies of ferrocenylacetylene addition to aromatic aldehydes under t-BuOKcatalyzed condition.[2] Interestingly, we found that the usually reliable coupling reaction between terminal alkyne of type 1 and aromatic aldehydes of type 2 does not furnish the expected propargylic alcohols, but that the isomeric aryl enones 3are found in high yield and very short reaction time (10～20 min). This provided a promising protocol for preparation of ferrocenyl chalcones in a practical, economical and mild sense compared with the traditional method. To the best of our knowledge, this unusual reaction was first observed for the addition of ferrocenylacetylene to aldehyde in a base-catalyzed manner (Eq. 1).     

Microwave-Assisted Olefination Reaction of Alkylzinc with Aromatic Aldehyde Catalyzed by Nickel Complex

Carbon-carbon double bond-forming reactions have always been great importance in organic synthesis. Manymethods have been described for C =C bond formation. We[1] have reported the new method of C =C bond formation of nickel catalyzed organozinc with aromatic aldehydes in the presence of Me3SiC1.     

电爆炸箔断路开关的理论和实验研究

 采用金属箔电爆炸过程的二维数值计算模型，对含电爆炸金属箔断路开关的电感储能脉冲功率调节系统进行了数值计算。以此为基础，研制出了一种低电感型的电爆炸箔断路开关，并以4μF/75kV脉冲电容器组作为初级能源，13Ω电阻作为负载进行实验研究。研究结果表明：在负载上可获得约250kV，脉宽大于400ns的脉冲电压。     

能量选择中子成像技术及其应用

能量选择中子成像技术是利用特定范围波长(能量)的中子进行成像。在热/冷中子范围内(<25meV),能量选择中子成像技术主要基于布拉格边效应和衍射机制,相比常规中子成像技术不但可以显著提高图像对比度,而且能分析应变、应力、织构。在超热中子范围内(>1eV),能量选择中子成像技术主要基于中子共振吸收,中子截面随能量变化是同位素特有的,存在明显的共振吸收峰,因此可以进行同位素的“指纹”识别。能量选择中子成像技术在工程、材料、化学、物理、生物、考古等众多科研领域中有着非常广阔的应用前景。     

基于激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)的煤灰熔点快速检测

炉内结渣是影响火电机组和气化工艺可靠运行的关键因素之一,准确预测灰熔点可以提前调整炉膛出口温度以避免结渣。本论文采用激光诱导击穿光谱（LIBS）采集煤灰样中金属元素的光谱,分别建立煤灰中的金属元素的谱线强度与煤灰熔点的随机森林模型、支持向量机回归模型和线性回归模型,直接预测煤灰熔点温度。采用基于马氏距离(MD)的异常数据剔除算法和基于稀疏矩阵的基线估计与降噪算法（BEADS）,对粉煤灰样的全光谱数据进行了预处理。随机森林模型对粉煤灰熔点的预测平均相对误差（MRE）为54.74%,支持向量机回归模型的预测平均相对误差为60.08%,而线性回归模型的预测平均相对误差达到了9.78%。研究结果表明,线性回归模型对煤灰熔点的预测结果更准确。     

桑白皮中21种无机元素的测定及其质量评价

为准确了解不同产区桑白皮中多种元素分布及含量情况,用65%硝酸溶液对其样品进行微波消解处理,后采用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS/MS）法测定桑白皮样品中21种元素的含量。得到21种元素的线性关系良好,R2 > 0.999,方法学考察试验的RSD均小于3%,加样回收率在91.32%~108.84%之间,RSD均小于4%;Al、Ga、Sr、Ba相比而言含量较大,且不同产区的特异性较明显;主成分分析中17批样品得到4个主成分,累计方差贡献率达 87.380%,确定V、Co、Al、Li、As、Se、Pb、U、Zn、Cr、Cd、Ga、Ba、Cs、Ni等15种元素为桑白皮药材的特征元素;相关性分析可知,元素间的相关性较强, P≤0.05的元素与主成分分析的特征元素基本一致。参照2020年版《中国药典》中对中药材中有害元素的限量规定,发现桑白皮样品中Pb、Cd、As、Cu有害元素的含量均未超过限量要求。ICP-MS/MS能准确快速测定桑白皮中21种元素含量情况,这对评价不同产区桑白皮质量,完善桑白皮质量标准具有一定参考价值。     

粉末压片-X荧光光谱法测定过磷酸钙中硫含量

硫是过磷酸钙中重要营养指标之一,为准确快速测定过磷酸钙中硫的含量,试验采用粉末压片-X荧光光谱法,将过磷酸钙试样充分干燥后研磨至粒度小于74 μm,采用硼酸镶边,在压力18 Mpa条件下保压30 s,制成样片。通过在过磷酸钙样品中添加不同质量的纯物质硫酸钙（质量分数范围1.52 %～17.21 %）,经过专用混匀设备混合均匀后,与试样压片相同条件下压制标准样片,作为过磷酸钙中硫的标准样品,建立硫标准曲线,曲线线性相关系数R2为0.9995,采用经验系数法校正干扰,建立了粉末压片-波长色散X射线荧光光谱法测定过磷酸钙中硫含量的方法, 方法检出限为0.002 %。对3个不同硫含量的过磷酸钙样品采用本实验方法重复测量7次,RSD在1.4 %~3.1 %,方法精密度性好,同时用高温燃烧红外光谱法和电感耦合等离子发射光谱法对比,三者测量结果相对极差小于2.0 %,测量结果无显著性差异。此方法不需要对样品进行熔融或溶解,样品制备简单,数据准确度和稳定性好,分析效率高,适合大批量样品中硫的测定。