气固两相流中流型和电荷分布的可视化研究

提出了一种非侵入式同时测量气固两相流型和电荷分布的可视化测试方法。数值仿真结果表明,ECT提供的介电常数分布信息可用于修正实际流型下的EST电荷灵敏场,降低了电荷分布反演的不确定性,EST的图像重建误差有所减小,有效的提高了电荷分布反演的精度。将该测试方法分别应用于粉体重力输送系统和高压密相气力输送系统,结果表明重力输送试验中颗粒浓度大的区域电荷密度值较大,而在气力输送试验中,颗粒浓度大的区域,电荷密度值反而较小,且随着管内煤粉颗粒浓度的增加,粉体总的电荷强度值减小。     

应用于LED灯具散热的平板热管传热特性

平板热管作为一种新型的热管技术,具有高热导率,良好的均温性等优点,成为解决大功率LED散热问题很有前途的技术之一。本文通过实验与数值模拟相结合的方法,研究了平板热管散热模组的传热性能,探讨了热源布置方式(集中式布置与分散式布置)的影响,为LED芯片的布置提供理论指导。结果表明:该平板热管散热模组的散热效果良好,能有效解决LED灯的散热问题。     

基于拉格朗日跟踪法的波纹流道流体特性研究

采用正交实验方法考察了具有不同结构参数的三维周期波纹流道中的流体性能,并采用Webb评价方法对其进行性能评价。比较了不同波纹宽度的波纹流道的阻力因子e_f、传热因子e_Nu和能效因子η的值,结果表明三者都随Re的增大而增大,波纹宽度最小时能效因子η最大。流体在波纹流道中垂直于主流方向的横截面上产生二次流,随着Re增大,二次流增强,阻力增大,温度边界层减薄,温度等值线分布变得不均匀,传热增强。采用拉格朗日粒子跟踪技术分析了不同Re下,流体粒子在波纹流道内的运动轨迹,绘制了不同周期出口流体粒子的庞加莱截面图,结果表明流体粒子在波纹流道中被反复拉伸和折叠,增加了流体粒子的接触面积,提高混合效率,强化了传热。     

一种新型的多孔太阳墙采暖房

长江中下游地区很多建筑没有安装专门的供暖设备,传统的空调采暖增加了建筑能耗。利用太阳能和建筑物自身进行采暖,具有重要的意义和价值。本文提出了一种新型的多孔太阳墙采暖房,其核心部分多孔太阳墙是由多孔陶瓷构成。在晴朗的冬季,对多孔太阳墙采暖房的采暖性能进行了实验研究;研究重点检测了不同外界环境(主要是指太阳辐射照度和环境温度)下,多孔太阳墙采暖房的采暖及储热性能。研究表明:多孔太阳墙采暖房在白天大部分时间都具有较好的采暖效果,且采暖房内的温差较小;同时具有较好的储热性能。以实验测得的武汉地区1月某天的实验数据为例,相比环境温度,当天采暖房内最高温升为19.9℃。在07:00～16:00之间,采暖房的平均温升为11.5℃;在辐射强度较弱的16:00～18:00,采暖房的平均温升为6.6℃。在07:00～18:00之间,采暖房内最大温差为1.37℃,出现在12:40。     

符号回归在换热关联式求解中的应用

本文利用符号回归分析换热器的实验数据,以寻找更高精度的换热关联式。为改进MATLAB环境下的遗传规划工具箱GPLAB的性能,增入了四种新功能:个体简化、常数优化、单亲交叉、新生操作。利用改进后的GPLAB对连续螺旋折流板管壳式换热器壳程传热的实验数据进行了符号回归,得到的换热关联式的预测精度高且稳健度强。     

一种新型自复叠制冷循环特性研究

提出一种新型自复叠制冷循环,通过设置喷射器,利用高压高沸点液态制冷剂引射低压低沸点气态制冷剂,充分回收高沸点组分的节流损失,提高压缩机吸气口处低沸点组分的吸气压力并获取更低制冷温度。建立了组成系统部件热力学数学模型,分析了冷凝温度、混合工质配比和压缩比等参数对传统自复叠制冷循环和新型自复叠制冷循环的工作特性影响。研究表明,新型自复叠制冷循环制冷效率与传统自复叠制冷循环相当,但前者所获得制冷温度比后者所获得制冷温度可降低约10～20℃     

A Cellular Automaton Model for Heterogeneous and Incosistent Driver Behavior in Urban Traffic

In this paper a cellular automaton model is proposed to describe driver behavior at a single-lane urban roundabout. Driver behavior has been considered as heterogeneous and inconsistent. Most traffic papers in the literature just discussed heterogeneous driver behavior, to our best knowledge. Two truncated Gaussian distributions are used to model heterogeneous and inconsistent driver behavior, respectively. The physical meanings of two truncated distributions are indicated. This method may help enhance a better understanding of driver behavior at roundabout traffic, and even possibly provide references for roundabout design and management.     

Pairwise Quantum Correlations for Superpositions of Dicke States

Pairwise correlation is really an important property for multi-qubit states. For the two-qubit X states extracted from Dicke states and their superposition states, we obtain a compact expression of the quantum discord by numerical check. We then apply the expression to discuss the quantum correlation of the reduced two-qubit states of Dicke states and their superpositions, and the results are compared with those obtained by entanglement of formation, which is a quantum entanglement measure.     

Spatiotemporal Rogue Waves for the Variable-Coefficient (3+1)-Dimensional Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation

With the help of the similarity transformation connected the variable-coefficient (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the standard nonlinear Schrödinger equation, we firstly obtain first-order and second-order rogue wave solutions. Then, we investigate the controllable behaviors of these rogue waves in the hyperbolic dispersion decreasing profile. Our results indicate that the integral relation between the accumulated time T and the real time t is the basis to realize the control and manipulation of propagation behaviors of rogue waves, such as sustainment and restraint. We can modulate the value T₀ to achieve the sustained and restrained spatiotemporal rogue waves. Moreover, the controllability for position of sustainment and restraint for spatiotemporal rogue waves can also be realized by setting different values of X₀.     

Reflection-Transmission Transition of Bright-Bright Solitons Collision in Two Species Condensates with Repulsive Interspecies Interactions

Considering repulsive interspecies interactions, we study the dynamical properties of bright-bright solitons in two species Bose-Einstein condensates by using a variational approach combined with numerical simulation. It is shown that the interactions between bright-bright solitons vary from repulsive to attractive interactions with the increasing their separating distances, and at equilibrium position the bright-bright solitons are localized. Interestingly, a transition from reflection- to transmission-collision is firstly observed, different from previous results of only reflection collision appearing there. These results will be helpful for the experimental manipulating such solitons.