Tube-excited energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis. II. Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis of air particulate material.

The use of monoenergetic exciting radiation of molybdenum obtained with a secondary target set-up, a conventional water-cooled tungsten anode x-ray tube and a Si(Li) semiconductor detector permits many trace and minor constituents from chlorine to strontium to be determined in particulate material collected on cellulose filters. The method is rapid and economical compared to other multielement techniques. The use of one or more single-element thin-film standards to calibrate for the analysis of many elements appears to be possible, but some systematic errors must be prevented. Absorption of the fluorescent radiation is remedied by a simple correction method. The precision and the accuracy of the method were critically examined by independent analysis of a number of samples with instrumental neutron activation analysis and by interlaboratory comparisons on the same samples.     

Heterocycles from carbohydrate precursors. Part XIX. The X-ray crystal structure determination of the reaction product of 4-(2-acetoxyethylidene)-4-hydroxy-2,3-dioxobutyro-1,4-lactone-2-(p-bromophenylhydrazone) with methylhydrazine

X-ray crystallographic data show that the product obtained in the reaction of 4-(2-acetoxy-ethylidene)-4-hydroxy-2,3-dioxobutyro-1,4-lactone-2-(p-bromophenylhydrazone) with methyl-hydrazine is the bicyclic compound 2,6-dimethyl-3,4-dioxo-2,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydropyridazino-[4,3-c]pyridazine 4-(p-bromophenylhydrazone) ( 10 ) and not as originally suggested 1-methyl-3-(1-methylpyrazolin-3-yl)-4,5-pyrazoledione 4-(p-bromophenylhydrazone) ( 8 ).     

Effect of copper impurity on the edge emission of ZnTe crystals

The results are given of studies on the edge emission of undoped and copperdoped ZnTe crystals in the temprature range 4.2–300K. The copper impurity has been found to increase the intensity of the principal edge emission band substantially. Analysis of the structure of this emission band indicated that a temprature below 160K the main role is played by the emission from excitons that are most probably bound in Cu_Zn and Li_Zn centers while at higher temperatures it is played by emission during the transition of free electrons to these centers. An appreciable role is played over the entire range of temperatures by emission from free electrons with an energy of 13 MeV. The luminescence quenching energy below 160 K has a value of 7 MeV (the binding energy of a bound exciton) and at higher temperatures it is 78 MeV.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 8, pp. 68–73, August, 1987.