The title compounds, C10H12N4, (I), and C9H10N4, (II), have been synthesized and characterized both spectroscopically and structurally. The dihedral angles between the triazole and benzene ring planes are 26.59 (9) and 42.34 (2)°, respectively. In (I), molecules are linked principally by N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds involving the amino NH2 group and a triazole N atom, forming R44(20) and R24(10) rings which link to give a three‐dimensional network of molecules. The hydrogen bonding is supported by two different C—H⋯π interactions from the tolyl ring to either a triazole ring or a tolyl ring in neighboring molecules. In (II), intermolecular hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π interactions produce R34(15) and R44(21) rings. 相似文献
Throughout this study, we present a dual-continuum model of transport of the natural gas in shale formations. The model includes several physical mechanisms such as diffusion, adsorption and rock stress sensitivity. The slippage has a clear effect in the low-permeability formations which can be described by the apparent permeability. The adsorption mechanism has been modeled by the Langmuir isotherm. The porosity-stress model has been used to describe stress state of the rocks. The thermodynamics deviation factor is calculated using the equation of state of Peng–Robinson. The governing differential system has been solved numerically using the mixed finite element method (MFEM). The stability of the MFEM has been investigated theoretically and numerically. A semi-implicit scheme is employed to solve the two coupled pressure equations, while the thermodynamic calculations are conducted explicitly. Moreover, numerical experiments are performed under the corresponding physical parameters of the model. Some represented results are shown in graphs including the rates of production as well as the pressures and the apparent permeability profiles.
We are investigating the use of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (cMUT's) for use in medical imaging. We propose an ultrasound probe architecture designed to provide volumetric ultrasound imaging from within an endoscope channel. A complete automated experimental system has been implemented for testing the imaging performance of cMUT arrays. This PC-based system includes custom-designed circuit boards, a software interface, and resolution test phantoms. We have already fabricated 1D and 2D cMUT arrays, and tested the pulse-echo imaging characteristics of 1D arrays. Beamforming and image formation algorithms that aim to reduce the complexity of data acquisition hardware are tested via numerical simulations and using real data acquired from our system. 相似文献
Several approaches have been proposed for evaluating information in expected utility theory. Among the most popular approaches are the expected utility increase, the selling price and the buying price. While the expected utility increase and the selling price always agree in ranking information alternatives, Hazen and Sounderpandian [11] have demonstrated that the buying price may not always agree with the other two. That is, in some cases, where the expected utility increase would value information A more highly than information B, the buying price may reverse these preferences. In this paper, we discuss the conditions under which all these approaches agree in a generic decision environment where the decision maker may choose to acquire arbitrary information bundles. 相似文献
With the emergence of micro- and nano-technology, the contact mechanics of MEMS and NEMS devices and components is becoming more important. Thus it is important to gain a better understanding of the role of coatings and thin films on micro- and nano-scale contact phenomena, and to understand the interactions of measurement devices, such as an atomic force microscope (AFM), with layered media.More specifically, in this work the frictionless contact, with adhesion, between a spherical indenter and an elastic-layered medium is investigated. This configuration can be viewed as either a single contact model or as a building block of a multi-asperity rough surface contact model. As the scale decreases to the nano level, adhesion becomes an important issue. The presence of adhesion affects the relationships among the applied force, the penetration of the indenter, and the size of the contact area. This axisymmetric problem includes the effect of adhesion using a Maugis type of adhesion model. This model spans the range of the Tabor parameter between the JKR and DMT regions. The key parameters in this analysis are the elastic moduli ratio of the layer and the substrate, the dimensionless layer thickness, and the Maugis adhesion parameter. The results can be applied to a rigid or to an elastic indenter. 相似文献
Tandospirone (I), developed as an anxiolytic drug, is an aryl-piperazine compound that binds to both 5-HT1A and dopamine D4 receptors. Palladium-catalysed hydroarylation reactions of tandospirone analogues containing an oxygen bridge and 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl or 2,3-dichlorophenyl groups were studied in order to find a new stereoselective access to a series of new exo-aryl(hetaryl)-substituted derivatives with potential biological activity. 相似文献
A mild and practically convenient one-pot procedure for the Mannich reaction via condensation of amines, aldehydes and malonates, β-ketoesters, or β-dicarbonyl compounds has been carried out without using any organic solvent, metallic catalyst, or Lewis acids or bases at room temperature. The present protocol offers several advantages, such as goods yields, simple procedure with easy workup, and the absence of any volatile, hazardous organic solvents and metallic catalyst. 相似文献
Water was a suitable medium for Paal–Knorr pyrrole cyclocondensation. Hexa-2,5-dione was reacted with several aliphatic and aromatic primary amines, affording N-substituted 2,5-dimethyl pyrrole derivatives in good to excellent yields. An efficient, green method using water either as environmentally friendly solvent or catalyst was presented. 相似文献