Mechanism of the oxygen-stimulated deactivation of RuyTi1−y-oxide overlayers on Ti studied by XPS,SEM and electrochemical techniques

By means of wet oxygen exposure the stability of RTO anodes has been observed. The deactivation is due to ruthenium loss via unstable higher surface oxides in a long time regime. As follows after uneffective subsurface annealing procedure the catalytic durability is reduced drastically by erosion stimulated increasing ruthenium loss of inhomogeneous active layer surfaces.     

Crystal Chemistry of Ordered Rocksalt-Type SrCaNF

Journal of Chemical Crystallography - A new Group 2 bimetallic nitride fluoride phase of approximate composition SrCaNF has been prepared and characterized via high resolution single crystal X-ray...     

Photoemission core level and satellite study of TixRu1−xoxide layers

Combined photoemission core level and satellite structure investigations of pyrolytic titanium-rich Ti_xRu_1−x-oxide layers (0.90 ≦ x ≦ 0.97) and RuO₂ layers on titanium are used to gain structural and compositional information about these electro-catalytically active surfaces. By means of this method deviations from stoichiometry, the formation of carbon interstitials and the growth of anatase by ruthenium loss could be pointed out.     

Etch- and Transmission Electron Microscope Investigations of Microdefects in (001) LEC-GaP Substrates

The etch pattern of (001) and (110) LEC-GaP doped with sulphur (N_DN_A in the range from 3–7 × 10¹⁷ cm⁻³) do not only show dislocation etch pits but fine pits, so-called “saucer pits” (S-pits). The distribution of S-pits, their etching behaviour and transmission electron microscope observations of etched samples indicated a clear correlation between S-pits and microdefects (fauted-, prismatic dislocation loops and precipitates).     

Deposition of InP on GaAs Substrates in the InP/PCl3/H2 System

Vapour phase epitaxial layers of InP were deposited onto (111)A-, (111)B-, (001)-, and (110)-oriented GaAs substrates in the InP/PCl₃/H₂ system using a close-space technique. It is shown that the dependence of the layer quality on the substrate orientation is due to differences in the initial growth stages. Results on the growth rates and the electrical properties of the layers are reported.     

On the imaginary parts of chromatic roots

While much attention has been directed to the maximum modulus and maximum real part of chromatic roots of graphs of order $n$ (ie, with $n$ vertices), relatively little is known about the maximum imaginary part of such graphs. We prove that the maximum imaginary part can grow linearly in the order of the graph. We also show that for any fixed $\text{◂+▸}p\in \left(0,1\right)$, almost every random graph $G$ in the Erdös-Rényi model has a nonreal root.     

Low-energy termination of graphene edges via the formation of narrow nanotubes

We demonstrate that free graphene sheet edges can curl back on themselves, reconstructing as nanotubes. This results in lower formation energies than any other nonfunctionalized edge structure reported to date in the literature. We determine the critical tube size and formation barrier and compare with density functional simulations of other edge terminations including a new reconstructed Klein edge. Simulated high resolution electron microscopy images show why such rolled edges may be difficult to detect. Rolled zigzag edges serve as metallic conduction channels, separated from the neighboring bulk graphene by a chain of insulating sp(3)-carbon atoms, and introduce van Hove singularities into the graphene density of states.