Wideband tunable fiber short-pass filter based on side-polished fiber with dispersive polymer overlay

It is known that dispersive fiber has an LP01 mode cutoff wavelength that acts as a wavelength filter. With a dispersive polysiloxane polymer overlay on a side-polished single-mode fiber, an in-line tunable fiber short-pass filter with a tuning range of approximately 400 nm (1250-1650 nm) and a temperature variation of 15 degrees C was demonstrated. The rejection efficiency was greater than 50 dB, whereas the insertion and polarization-dependent losses were below 0.26 and 0.09 dB, respectively.     

Electrophoresis of biological cells: charge-regulation and multivalent counterions association model

The electrophoresis of a biological cell is analyzed theoretically. An entity, which is of amphoteric nature, is used to simulate its electrophoretic behavior. To reflect conditions of practical interest, we assume that the liquid phase contains mixed (a:b)+(c:b) electrolytes, where a and c are the valences of cations, and b is the valence of anions. We consider the case where the surface of a cell contains both bivalent acidic and monovalent basic functional groups, the dissociation/association of them yields fixed surface charge, and the multivalent cations in the liquid phase are allowed to combine with dissociated acidic functional groups, which has the effect of lowering the charge density on cell surface. The electrophoretic behaviors of a cell under various conditions are illustrated. The results obtained can be used to identify the types of functional groups that may be present on cell surface. On the other hand, if the surface functional groups involved in cell electrophoresis are known, then their density and the associated dissociation/association constants can be estimated from experimental data.     

Furan-containing oligoaryl cyclophanene

[structure: see text] Furan-containing oligoaryl cyclophanene 1 and the corresponding cyclophane 2 were synthesized from propargylic dithioacetal 3. The electrochemical and photophysical properties and the fluxional behavior of these molecules have been examined. The emission of 1 appeared at 499 nm whereas that of 2 appeared at 389 nm.     

Nearest q-Flat to m Points

Recently, Bradley and Mangasarian studied the problem of finding the nearest plane to m given points in ⁿ in the least square sense. They showed that the problem reduces to finding the least eigenvalue and associated eigenvector of a certain n×n symmetric positive-semidefinite matrix. We extend this result to the general problem of finding the nearest q-flat to m points, with 0qn–1.     

Molecular mobility in polymer thin films

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching was used to measure in-plane dye-probe diffusion coefficients, D, in thin films of monodisperse polystyrene supported on fused quartz substrates. The substrates were prepared with a high density of surface hydroxyl groups which interact favorably with repeat units of the polymer. The effects of temperature and film thickness were investigated, at temperatures above the bulk glass transition of the polymer, T(g), and in the range of film thicknesses from 1-10(2) times the radius of gyration (R(g)) of individual polymer molecules. As the film thickness decreases towards R(g) the value of D increases above the bulk values, with significant effects first appearing in films approximately 20R(g). In the thinnest films studied, about 4R(g), the values of D lie as much as two orders over bulk values. At the same time, the temperature dependence of D becomes much weaker than in bulk. Analysis by free volume theory indicates that apparent values of both T(g) and the thermal expansion coefficient for liquid state, alpha(L), decrease as the film thickness decreases. The possible effects of surface segregation of the dye probe are discussed.     

Search for color singlet technicolor particles in p&pmacr; collisions at radicals = 1.8 TeV

We search for color singlet technirho and technipion production in p&pmacr; collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.8 TeV recorded with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. These exotic technimesons are present in a model of walking technicolor. The signatures studied are lepton plus two jets plus E(T) and multijet final states. No excess of events is seen in either final state. We set an upper limit on the technirho production cross section and exclude a region in the technipion mass versus technirho mass plane.     

Diffractive dijets with a leading antiproton in &pmacr;p collisions at sqrt

We report results from a study of events with a leading antiproton of beam momentum fraction 0.9057 GeV. Using the dijet events, we evaluate the diffractive structure function of the antiproton and compare it with expectations based on results obtained in diffractive deep inelastic scattering experiments at the DESY ep collider HERA.     

Two-phase flow pressure change subject to sudden contraction in small rectangular channels

This study investigates the pressure change and flow pattern subject to the influence of sudden contractions. The air and water mixture flows from small rectangular channels (2 × 4, 2 × 6, 4 × 4 and 4 × 6 mm, respectively) into a 2 mm diameter tube. The total mass flux (G) ranges from 100 to 700 kg/m² s with gas quality (x) being varied from 0.001 to 0.8. In general the contraction pressure change increases with the rise of mass flux, and gas quality but an unique deflection of contraction pressure change pertaining to liquid vena contracta at a very low gas quality is encountered at a very low gas quality in the 4 ± 6 mm test section. For a low gas quality, elongated bubble prevails after the contraction, yet the size of elongated bubbles is reduced when the aspect ratio is increased. Comparisons amid the pressure change data of this study and available literature data with the predictions of existing model/correlations indicate that none of them can accurately predict the data. It is found that the influence of surface tension and outlet tube size, or equivalently the Bond number plays a major role for the departure of various models/correlations. Among the models/correlations being examined, the homogeneous model shows a little better than the others. Hence by taking account the influences of gas quality, Bond number, Weber number and area contraction ratio into the homogeneous model, a modified homogeneous correlation is proposed that considerably improves the predictive ability over existing correlations with a mean deviation of 30% to all the data.