激光惯性约束聚变中光学汤姆逊散射研究进展

当前,激光惯性约束聚变在越来越接近点火的极端能量密度条件下,实验与模拟的偏离逐渐增大,一个关键原因是缺乏对黑腔等离子体状态及其影响黑腔能量学和内爆对称性的细致研究和判断。光学汤姆逊散射主动式、诊断精确、参数完备的优点,使之成为激光惯性约束聚变黑腔等离子体状态参数精密诊断的标准方法。中国面向激光惯性约束聚变研究的光学汤姆逊散射实验技术的发展与神光系列激光装置的建设和在其上开展的物理实验紧密相关。近年来,四倍频汤姆逊散射实验技术在神光III原型和100 kJ激光装置上相继建立,部分实验结果不仅加深了对激光惯性约束聚变靶物理的认识,还反映了实验条件对汤姆逊散射诊断的影响,促进了实验技术的精密化发展。在未来,还需要进一步发展多支路汤姆逊散射、五倍频汤姆逊散射和超热相干汤姆逊散射等新技术,面向点火黑腔条件,大幅提升激光等离子体状态参数的诊断精度,开展新物理机制的探索和研究,在激光惯性约束聚变和其他高能量密度物理科学领域发挥更重要的作用。     

载流弹性薄板结构吸声性能的研究

对弹性薄板吸声结构在水下的吸声性能进行了研究,推导了载流弹性薄板结构声阻抗的解析解。提出并计算了薄板结构的势能因子B_nm、动能因子A_nm和载流因子系数χ。得出薄板结构吸声性能严格的解析理论和幂级数近似表达式,本文获得的结果使薄板理论的吸声机理更加清晰,计算也更加简化。通过低频水声管对薄板结构进行了测试,测试结果和理论计算结果吻合得较好,验证了本文理论的正确性。     

The refocused INADEQUATE MAS NMR experiment in multiple spin-systems: interpreting observed correlation peaks and optimising lineshapes

The robustness of the refocused INADEQUATE MAS NMR pulse sequence for probing through-bond connectivities has been demonstrated in a large range of solid-state applications. This pulse sequence nevertheless suffers from artifacts when applied to multispin systems, e.g. uniformly labeled (13)C solids, which distort the lineshapes and can potentially result in misleading correlation peaks. In this paper, we present a detailed account that combines product-operator analysis, numerical simulations and experiments of the behavior of a three-spin system during the refocused INADEQUATE pulse sequence. The origin of undesired anti-phase contributions to the spectral lineshapes are described, and we show that they do not interfere with the observation of long-range correlations (e.g. two-bond (13)C-(13)C correlations). The suppression of undesired contributions to the refocused INADEQUATE spectra is shown to require the removal of zero-quantum coherences within a z-filter. A method is proposed to eliminate zero-quantum coherences through dephasing by heteronuclear dipolar couplings, which leads to pure in-phase spectra.     

Dark soliton in one-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate under a periodic perturbation of trap

The perturbation of a confining trap leads to the collective oscillation of a Bose--Einstein condensate, thereby the propagation of a dark soliton in the condensate is affected. In this study, periodic perturbation is employed to match the soliton oscillation. We find that the soliton dynamics depends sensitively on the coupling between the moving direction of the trap and that of the soliton. The soliton energy/depth evolves periodically, and a relevant shift in the soliton trajectory occurs as compared with the unperturbed case. Overall, the soliton oscillation frequency changes little even if the perturbation amplitude and frequency vary.     

Optimum design of aspheric collimation lenses for optical antenna system

Three kinds of aspheric collimation lenses for optical antenna have been design by optimization. The aspheric cylinder collimation lenses with aspheric surfaces (such as elliptic, hyperbolic and parabolic marginal profiles) have been researched for the semiconductor laser beam with the characteristic of dot emitting source. Based on genetic algorithm and the optimization toolbox of MTLAB, the divergence angle has been optimized. The collimation divergence angle is less than 115 μrad has been measured by laser beam analyzer. This optimum design laser beam collimation lenses as a pre-collimation system can be used for optical antenna system. And it can be widely used in modern space laser communication.     

反传热问题及其在深冷处理传热分析中的应用

深冷处理作为一种新的材料处理工艺,越来越受到人们的关注,目前深冷处理使材料性能提高的机理尤其是与升降温过程的耦合关系等还尚未完全清楚,需开展更深入的研究,而传热分析是此方面研究的基础。反传热分析方法是研究深冷处理传热问题的一种可行方法。较为详细地叙述了反传热问题的定义及其求解方法,介绍了反传热在深冷处理传热分析中的初步应用,并对深冷处理中应用反传热方法存在的问题进行了探讨。     

在溴代十六烷基吡啶存在下5-Br-PADAP分光光度法测定水中微量铁的研究

研究了显色剂2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二乙氨基酚(简称为5-Br-PADAP)与铁(Ⅱ)显色反应条件,在pH=6.0的醋酸-醋酸钠缓冲体系中,采用阳离子表面活性剂溴代十六烷基吡啶增溶增敏。铁(Ⅱ)与显色剂形成的配合物组成为Fe(Ⅱ)∶R=1∶2,络合物具有两个吸收峰,分别位于λ1=556nm与λ2=748nm。选择748nm进行测定,其摩尔吸光系数为ε748=3.3×104L·mol-1·cm-1。铁含量在0—30μg/25mL范围内服从比耳定律。此法用于水样中微量铁的测定,结果准确可靠。     

直接荧光法和流动注射荧光法测定微量氨的研究

在碱性介质中 ,基于氨与邻苯二甲醛及 2 巯基乙醇反应生成强荧光性吲哚取代衍生物的体系建立测定水溶液中微量氨的直接荧光法和流动注射荧光法。曲通X 10 0 (TritonX 10 0 )对该体系具有良好的增稳作用。在λex=4 15nm ,λem=4 86nm下 ,用直接荧光法测定NH3含量在 0 2～ 1 0 μg·mL- 1 范围内 ,工作曲线的回归方程为ΔI =2 2 2 86 785 71cNH3(μg·mL- 1 ) (I即为Intensity) ,r=0 9995 ;NH3含量在 0 0 2～ 0 10 μg·mL- 1 范围内 ,工作曲线的回归方程为ΔI=- 2 7 4 2 9 2 371 4cNH3(μg·mL- 1 ) ,r=0 996 5。用流动注射法测定的工作曲线的回归方程为ΔI=1188cNH3(μg·mL- 1 ) ,r=0 9998,线性范围为 0～ 0 7μg·mL- 1 ,并对反应机理进行初步探讨。     

A simple pathway to ordered silica nanopattern from self-assembling of block copolymer containing organic silicon block

Self-assembly of block copolymer is an effective strategy to prepare periodic structures at nanoscale. In this paper an unique and very simple method to prepare inorganic silica nanopattern is demonstrated from self-assembling of poly(styrene-block-dimethylsiloxane) (PS-b-PDMS) on the surface of silicon wafer. To simplify the patterning process, at first we obtain highly ordered PDMS microdomains, which are covered with PS layer by controlling solvent vapor annealing conditions. Following exposure to UV/O₃ irradiation, nanopatterned surface consisting of silicon oxide is fabricated directly via selectively etching PS phase and converting PDMS phase into silicon oxide. As tuning the composition of the block copolymer, hexagonally packing dot and straight stripe pattern can be obtained. Finally, the time evolution from spheres morphology to aligned long cylinders is discussed. These results hold promise for nanolithography and the fabrication of nanodevices.