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排序方式: 共有438条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
21.
The Soret effect (thermal diffusion) of dilute aqueous solutions of NH4Cl, Me4NCl, Et4NCl, n-Pr4NCl, and n-Bu4NCl has been investigated potentiometrically using the silver, silver chloride thermocell. The molar entropies (heats) of transport have been derived from the initial and final thermoelectric powers. The concentration dependence of the entropy of transport has been examined and the effect of the ionic size on the heat of transport is discussed. The molar entropy of tetrabutylammonium chloride exhibits a sharp minimum in the neighborhood of 0.002M, the reason of which is as yet unclear. 相似文献
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24.
Petit A Vincent SJ Zwahlen C 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》2002,156(2):313-317
A two-dimensional HSQC-based NMR method, (15)N-COSMO-HSQC, is presented for the rapid determination of homonuclear (3)J(HNHalpha) couplings in (15)N-labeled proteins in solution. Scalar couplings are extracted by comparing the intensity of two separate datasets recorded with and without decoupling of the (3)J(HNHalpha) during a preparation period. The scalar couplings are introduced through a cosine modulation of the peak intensities. The experiment relies on a BIRD sandwich to selectively invert all amide protons H(N) and is very simple to implement. (3)J(HNHalpha) couplings were determined using both the (15)N-COSMO-HSQC and quantitative-J on (15)N-labeled chemokine RANTES. The two experiments show well-correlated values. 相似文献
25.
The specific standard described here constitutes the heart of the quality system set up by the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique
– French Atomic Energy Commission – for its main "Fundamental Research" entity, the Directorate for the Sciences of Matter.
It is a coherent standard (set of shared rules and provisions laid out in a clear fashion) designed, in the first instance,
to provide those taking part in research, including the hierarchy, with the means to satisfy their requirements in the field
of quality. And, secondly, to create the conditions for recognition of this action by third parties, which all research entities
must nowadays convince of their trustworthiness (supervisory ministries, research partners, industrial companies, etc.). This
standard places particular emphasis on the preponderant roles of initiative and freedom in fundamental research, which are
a prerequisite for creativity, innovation and, last but not least, the motivation of personnel. 相似文献
26.
Jean-Claude Petit 《Accreditation and quality assurance》1999,4(11):458-462
An appropriate Quality approach in fundamental research should have its roots in the very principles of the "scientific method".
Quality and fundamental research could thus reconcile at the condition, on the one hand, that Quality practioners understand
and take into account the reality of the "science in action" and, on the other hand, that scientists improve their awareness
of the new deal which is being made between science, technology and society as well as of the actual issues of Quality. A
modern Quality approach, well adapted to this specific activity, should help both scientists, decision-makers and the public
face the issues concerning the role of science in society in the future. In this context, I specify a number of practical
proposals concerning, in particular, the adaptation of the requirements of the quality approach to the type of research, the
distinction between the three major steps of a research programme (i.e. quality of the objective, the process and the results)
and the encouragement of experience feedback.
Received: 8 March 1998 / Accepted: 8 December 1998 相似文献
27.
This paper describes the regioselective biohydroxylation of 7-azabrendane and 6-azatwistane derivatives. 相似文献
28.
Efficient laser action of Yb:LSO and Yb:YSO oxyorthosilicates crystals under high-power diode-pumping 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
M. Jacquemet C. Jacquemet N. Janel F. Druon F. Balembois P. Georges J. Petit B. Viana D. Vivien B. Ferrand 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2005,80(2):171-176
We report here on the efficient laser action of a new Yb-doped crystal Yb3+:Lu2SiO5 (Yb:LSO) under high power diode-pumping (15 W). Its performances were compared to another Yb-doped crystal belonging to the oxyorthosilicate family: the Yb:YSO. For both crystals, more than 7 W of laser radiation around 1 m was obtained under 14.4 W of incident pump power at 978 nm, leading to high optical conversions of more than 50%. Finally, both crystals demonstrate little sensitivity to pump wavelength drift and exhibit broad tunability at a multiwatt level (more than 4 W over 50 nm and 60 nm, respectively for Yb:LSO and Yb:YSO). PACS 42.55.Xi; 42.60.Pk; 42.70.Hj 相似文献
29.
The microstructure and dynamics of a colloidal system interacting via short-ranged interparticle potential is studied by ultra-small-angle x-ray scattering and x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. A colloidal gas-liquid type transition is induced when the short-ranged attractive interactions attain sufficient magnitude. The development of liquidlike structure is preceded by a systematic transition in the particle dynamics from diffusive to constrained motion and then completely frozen behavior. This demonstrates the existence of a jamming transition induced by strong short-ranged attractive interactions even at low packing fractions. 相似文献
30.
C. Robert-Goumet M. Petit L. Bideux G. Monier T. Skála K.C. Prince 《Applied Surface Science》2007,253(9):4445-4449
In this study, InP(1 0 0) surfaces were bombarded by argon ions in ultra high vacuum. Indium metallic droplets were created in well controlled quantities and played the role of precursors for the nitridation process. A glow discharge cell was used to produce a continuous plasma with a majority of N atomic species. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that the nitrogen combined with indium surface atoms to create InN thin films (two monolayers) on an In rich-InP(1 0 0) surface. This process occurred at low temperature: 250 °C. Synchrotron radiation photoemission (SR-XPS) studies of the valence band spectra, LEED and EELS measurements show an evolution of surface species and the effect of a 450 °C annealing of the InN/InP structures. The results reveal that annealing allows the crystallization of the thin InN layers, while the LEED pattern shows a (4 × 1) reconstruction. As a consequence, InN related structures in EELS and valence bands spectra are different before and after the annealing. According to SR-XPS measurements, the Fermi level is found to be pinned at 1.6 eV above the valence band maximum (VBM). 相似文献