A new synthesis of 7-substituted 2,3-bis(alkylthio)naphth[1,8-bc]-azepines using the tris(alkylthio)cyclopropenyl cation

7-Substituted 2,3-bis(isopropylthio)naphth[1,8-bc]azepines 3a-c were synthesized in good yields by the reactions of 5-substituted 1-naphthylamines 2a-c with tris(isopropylthio)cyclopropenylium perchlorate ( 1 ) in acetonitrile under reflux. This reaction proceeds through the facile ring opening of 1 , followed by the intermediary formation of iminium salts 5a-c and then intramolecular cyclization.     

Ueber die Beziehungen von Neutralsalz zu Säureeiweiß

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Elongation of carbonyl compounds by utilizing electroreduction as a key step

The transformation of aldehydes, ketones and esters to the next higher homologous aldehydes was accomplished by utilizing electroreductive 1,2-elimination as a key step.     

Molecular structure and puckering potential of gas-phase 1-pyrroline as determined by microwave and infrared spectroscopy

The microwave spectrum of 1-pyrroline has been measured from 8 to 48 GHz. The transitions have been assigned to those of the ground state and the four lowest excited states of the ring-puckering vibration of monomer, which is a five-membered ring molecule with one CN double bond. The trimer, which exists in the liquid phase, has not been detected in the gas phase. The geometrical structure of the monomer has been estimated by an ab initio calculation and the trimer by a molecular mechanics calculation. The former is consistent with the experimental rotational constants. A gas-phase infrared spectrum has also been measured, and the ring-puckering potential has been determined by an analysis of the combination bands of the ring-puckering mode and the ring-stretching modes. The potential is described using a puckering coordinate, z, as V(z) = az² + bz⁴, where $\text{a = ?3.358(16) × 10}{}^4\text{cm}{}^{\mathrm{?1}}\text{A}\text{?}{}^{\mathrm{?2}}$ and $\text{b = 1.345(9) × 10}{}^6\text{cm}{}^{\mathrm{?1}}\text{A}\text{?}{}^{\mathrm{?4}}$; these values are intermediate of the corresponding values for cyclopentene and 1-pyrazoline. The nuclear quadrupole coupling constants, χ_aa = ?4.39(10), χ_bb = 1.04(10), and χ_cc = 3.35(10) MHz, have been determined by an analysis of well-resolved hyperfine splittings. These constants have been reproduced by an ab initio calculation with a 4-31G(N¹) basis set.     

NMR study of the self-induced vortex in (Ce1−xGdx)Ru2

NMR measurement of ¹⁵⁷Gd has been performed in zero external field in (Ce_1?xGd_x)Ru₂ for x = 0.100and 0.119 at low temperature down to 25 mK. Zero field NMR is observed with large enhancements both of H₁ and the intensity of the signal that are characteristic in ferromagnet. T₁T increases rapidly with decreasing temperature, which is attributed to the appearance of the superconducting energy gap whose magnitude is estimated to be 0.066kT_Cforx = 0.100. The NMR intensity in the superconducting state decreases not so drastically as expected in the perfect Meissner state. These results are qualitatively the same as reported previously for x ≥ 0.105 and T ≥ 60 mK. The results suggest that the system is in the state of self-induced vortices predicted theoretically.     

Speciation of silica in high-purity water

A 1-l water sample was concentrated to 20ml by freezing and analyzed for soluble, colloidal and insoluble silica by the spectrophotometric heteropoly blue method and by inductively coupled plasma/atomic emission spectrometry. High-purity water obtained from a vitreous-silica sub-boiling distillation still contained a few micrograms of insoluble silica per liter.