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141.
Lenka Sochorova Mojmir Baron Katerina Dadakova Tomas Kasparovsky Jiri Sochor 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(7)
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that occurs in all areas of the environment, including the food chain. In the body, it causes oxidative stress by producing free radicals that are harmful to the cells. Grape seed extract (GSE) contains a wide range of biologically active components that help to neutralize the adverse effects of free radicals. In this study, the effects of GSE prepared form semi-resistant grapevine cultivar Cerason, which is rich in phenolics, on biochemical markers of brown rats exposed to the effects of cadmium were monitored. GSE increased the plasma antioxidant activity and, in the kidneys and the liver, Cd content was significantly lowered by GSE co-administration. Accordingly, the increase in creatinine content and alanine aminotransferase activity and the decrease of catalase and superoxide dismutase activities caused by cadmium were slowed down by GSE co-administration. The results of this work reveal that grape seed extract offers a protective effect against the intake of heavy metals into the organism. 相似文献
142.
Mohammad Rahman Haining Tian Tomas Edvinsson 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(38):16278-16293
In pursuit of inexpensive and earth abundant photocatalysts for solar hydrogen production from water, conjugated polymers have shown potential to be a viable alternative to widely used inorganic counterparts. The photocatalytic performance of polymeric photocatalysts, however, is very poor in comparison to that of inorganic photocatalysts. Most of the organic photocatalysts are active in hydrogen production only when a sacrificial electron donor (SED) is added into the solution, and their high performances often rely on presence of noble metal co‐catalyst (e.g. Pt). For pursuing a carbon neutral and cost‐effective green hydrogen production, unassisted hydrogen production solely from water is one of the critical requirements to translate a mere bench‐top research interest into the real world applications. Although this is a generic problem for both inorganic and organic types of photocatalysts, organic photocatalysts are mostly investigated in the half‐reaction, and have so far shown limited success in hydrogen production from overall water‐splitting. To make progress, this article exclusively discusses critical factors that are limiting the overall water‐splitting in organic photocatalysts. Additionally, we also have extended the discussion to issues related to stability, accurate reporting of the hydrogen production as well as challenges to be resolved to reach 10 % STH (solar‐to‐hydrogen) conversion efficiency. 相似文献
143.
Dr. Maxence Urbani Prof. Tomas Torres 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(7):1683-1690
A [3+3] Schiff-base salphen macrocycle ( 7 a ) was synthesized by imine condensation between ortho-phenylenediamine and ortho-phenylethynyl-bridged bis(5-salicylaldehyde) precursors. The triangular-shaped macrocycle 7 a has a nonclassical (or “inverted”) design in which the N2O2 coordination pockets are located at the sides instead of the corners. Compound 7 a could be synthesized in a reasonably good yield (64 %) considering the steric constraints imposed by the ortho substitution pattern. Subsequent zinc metalation afforded the corresponding Zn metallomacrocycle 7 b . Spectroscopic experiments evidenced weak ( 7 a ) to strong ( 7 b ) self-aggregation behavior in solution. Their ability to self-organize at the supramolecular level was further studied in the solid state by AFM and TEM, which revealed the formation of large bundles of fibers with lengths of several micrometers and widths of nanometers. 相似文献
144.
Dr. Mohammad Rahman Assoc. Prof. Haining Tian Prof. Dr. Tomas Edvinsson 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,132(38):16418-16433
In pursuit of inexpensive and earth abundant photocatalysts for solar hydrogen production from water, conjugated polymers have shown potential to be a viable alternative to widely used inorganic counterparts. The photocatalytic performance of polymeric photocatalysts, however, is very poor in comparison to that of inorganic photocatalysts. Most of the organic photocatalysts are active in hydrogen production only when a sacrificial electron donor (SED) is added into the solution, and their high performances often rely on presence of noble metal co-catalyst (e.g. Pt). For pursuing a carbon neutral and cost-effective green hydrogen production, unassisted hydrogen production solely from water is one of the critical requirements to translate a mere bench-top research interest into the real world applications. Although this is a generic problem for both inorganic and organic types of photocatalysts, organic photocatalysts are mostly investigated in the half-reaction, and have so far shown limited success in hydrogen production from overall water-splitting. To make progress, this article exclusively discusses critical factors that are limiting the overall water-splitting in organic photocatalysts. Additionally, we also have extended the discussion to issues related to stability, accurate reporting of the hydrogen production as well as challenges to be resolved to reach 10 % STH (solar-to-hydrogen) conversion efficiency. 相似文献
145.
Claude Poleunis Emmanuel P. Everaert Patrick Bertrand 《Applied Surface Science》2006,252(19):6761-6764
This study deals with the secondary ion yield improvement induced by using C60+ primary ions instead of Ga+ ones to characterize human hair surfaces by ToF-SIMS. For that purpose, a bunch of hair fibres has been analysed with both ion sources. A high improvement is observed for the detection of amino acids with C60+ primary ions as compared to Ga+ ions. As an example, a yield enhancement factor greater than 3000 is found for the CNO− peak. A similar gain is observed for the positive secondary ions characteristic of the amino acids. Most of the atomic ions, such as Ca+, O− and S−, constitute minor peaks with C60+ ions while they often dominate the spectrum in the case of Ga+ ions. However, with the C60+ source, a series of inorganic combination peaks with the elements Ca, S and O are observed in the positive spectra (i.e. HCaSO4+), while they are marginal with the Ga+ source. For the mass range beyond 100 m/z and in both polarities, the hair fingerprints are similar with both sources. In average, for a comparable number of primary ions per spectrum, the C60+ ion source gives intensities between two and three orders of magnitude higher than the Ga+ one. 相似文献
146.
The linear dichroism of the complexes of thymine and cytosine with silver(I) ions dispersed in stretched polyvinylalcohol films was measured in the infrared and in the near ultraviolet regions of the spectrum. The infrared results were helpful in establishing the orientation of the complexes in the films; they also confirmed that the site of silver binding in the case of cytosine involves the carbonyl oxygen. The ultraviolet spectra were deconvoluted into separate electronic transitions and the corresponding transition moments of silver complexes were determined. 相似文献
147.
H-bases are bases for polynomial ideals, characterized by the fact that their homogeneous leading terms are a basis for the associated homogeneous ideal. In the computation ofH-bases without term orders, an important task is to determine the orthogonal projection of a homogeneous polynomial to certain subspaces of homogeneous polynomials with respect to a given inner product. One way of doing so is to use an orthogonal basis of the subspace. In this paper, we present and study a method to efficiently compute such a basis for a particular but important inner product. 相似文献
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