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101.
Futaba DN Yamada T Kobashi K Yumura M Hata K 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2011,133(15):5716-5719
The layer number is of great importance for nanocarbon materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene. While simple optical methods exist to evaluate few-layer graphene, equivalent analysis for CNTs is limited to transmission electron microscopy. We present a simple macroscopic method based on the (002) X-ray diffraction peak to evaluate the average wall number of CNTs in the range from single- to few-walled. The key was the finding that the (002) peak could be decomposed into two basic components: the intertube structure (outer-wall contacts) and the intratube structure (concentric shells). Decomposition of the peaks revealed a linear relationship between the average wall number and the ratio of the intertube and intratube contributions to the (002) peak. Good agreement with CNTs having average wall numbers ranging from 1 to ~5 demonstrated this as a macroscopic method for average wall number analysis. 相似文献
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103.
Chiharu Hidaka Eri Yamagishi Takeo Takizawa 《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》2005,66(11):2058-2060
The single crystal of CaGa2S4:Eu is expected as a useful laser material with a high quantum efficiency of light emission. However, as far as our knowledge is concerned, the systematic study of the mixed compounds of Ca(1−x)EuxGa2S4 as a function of x has not been reported up to now. Here, we have first constructed the phase diagram of the CaGa2S4 and EuGa2S4 pseudo binary system, and show that it forms the solid solution. Then we have grown single crystals of these compounds. The maximum photoluminescence efficiency is achieved at x=0.25. From the three peak energies observed in the photoluminescence excitation (PLE) and absorption spectra, the 5d excited states are suggested to consist of three levels arising from the multiplets of Eu2+ ions. 相似文献
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105.
Geoffrey B Edwards Kaoru Yamanouchi Kozo Kuchitsu Masaaki Sugie Harutoshi Takeo Chi Matsumura Keiichiro Ogawa Yoshito Takeuchi 《Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy》1985,111(2):301-319
The microwave spectrum of 1-pyrroline has been measured from 8 to 48 GHz. The transitions have been assigned to those of the ground state and the four lowest excited states of the ring-puckering vibration of monomer, which is a five-membered ring molecule with one CN double bond. The trimer, which exists in the liquid phase, has not been detected in the gas phase. The geometrical structure of the monomer has been estimated by an ab initio calculation and the trimer by a molecular mechanics calculation. The former is consistent with the experimental rotational constants. A gas-phase infrared spectrum has also been measured, and the ring-puckering potential has been determined by an analysis of the combination bands of the ring-puckering mode and the ring-stretching modes. The potential is described using a puckering coordinate, z, as V(z) = az2 + bz4, where and ; these values are intermediate of the corresponding values for cyclopentene and 1-pyrazoline. The nuclear quadrupole coupling constants, χaa = ?4.39(10), χbb = 1.04(10), and χcc = 3.35(10) MHz, have been determined by an analysis of well-resolved hyperfine splittings. These constants have been reproduced by an ab initio calculation with a 4-31G(N1) basis set. 相似文献
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110.
Kumio Okaichi Nobuyuki Kajitani Katuko Nakajima Keiichi Nozu † Takeo Ohnishi † 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1989,50(1):69-73
Irradiation by health lamp (HL) light (280–320 nm) more efficiently induced cell killing and mutation in a radiation sensitive mutant (TW8) of Dictyostelium discoideum as compared with the parental wild-type strain (NC4). This light as well as a germicidal lamp-light (254 nm) produced pyrimidine dimers. The dimers were removed from DNA molecules by excision repair in NC4, but more slowly in TW8. It is suggested that pyrimidine dimers are the main DNA damage caused by HL light in D. discoideum , and that this results in cell killing and induced mutation. 相似文献