Synthesis and properties of fluoronitroalcohols. Report 5. 1,5-difluoro-1,1,5,5-tetranitropentan-3-ol

Conclusions 1,5-Difluoro-1,1,5,5-tetranitropentan-3-ol was obtained by reduction of 1,5-difluoro-1,1,-5, 5-tetranitropentan-3-one with NaBH₄ in the presence of BF₃ etherate.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 398–401, February, 1986.     

Reaction of 1-chloromethylisatin with indole

In the condensation of N-chloromethylisatin with indole and 2-methylindole in the presence of triethylamine, instead of the expected N-skatylisatins the products of their subsequent transformations with opening of the five-membered ring of isatin -o-(N-skatylamino)- and o[N-(2-methylskatyl)amino]benzoylcaproic acids —were isolated. In addition to the formation of these -keto acids, under the indicated conditions one observes dimerization of N-chloromethylisatin and N-chloromethyl-5-methylisatin to give 2-(1-isatinylmethyloxy-3H-indolin-3-one and 2-(5-methyl-1-isatinylmethyloxy)-5-methyl-3H-indolin-3-one, respectively, i.e., dimers containing isatin rings in lactam and lactim forms. The structures of the compounds were confirmed by IR, PMR, and mass-spectral data.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 217–220, February, 1977.     

Chemical structure of poly(ethylene terephthalate)–styrene and nylon–styrene graft copolymers prepared by radiation techniques

The graft copolymerizations of styrene onto poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and nylon fibers were carried out by the mutual irradiation and preirradiation methods. True graft copolymers were isolated from the products by extraction and characterized by hydrolysis and osmometry. Among the swelling agents employed, methanol was most effective for increasing the extent of grafting onto PET. In both methods of the grafting, the molecular weight of polystyrene formed in the substrate matrix was higher than one million if no chain-transfer agent was added to the monomer solution. Similar to the case of radiation grafting onto poly(vinyl alcohol) and cellulose, the isolated graft copolymer carried only one branch per copolymer molecule in both cases. Of great interest is the particularly low extent of grafting in the case of PET–styrene. This should be attributed to the low sensitivity of PET to radiation. The grafting site on the mother polymer molecule is discussed on the basis of the solution behavior of the branch polymers separated from the backbone.     

Separation of gallic acid from Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc by high-speed counter-current chromatography

Gallic acid was separated from a n-butanol extract of the fruit of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc by high-speed countercurrent chromatography in two steps using two solvent systems composed of ethyl-acetate-ethanol n-butanol-water (5:1.8:6, v/v/v) and ethyl acetate-ethanol-water (5:0.5:6, v/v/v) successively. From 1 g of n-butanol extract the method produced 60 mg of gallic acid at a purity of 97%.     

Reaction of quinoxaline with benzopyridines in acetic anhydrides in the presence of Zn dust

The reaction between quinoxaline and benzopyridine in acetic anhydride in the presence of zinc dust gives a quinoxaline anion and a benzopyridine N-acetyl radical, which recombine to give the previously unknown N-acetyl dihydrobenzo-pyridine derivative of 1,2-dihydroquinoxaline. Under these conditions, quinoxaline alone gives 1,4-diacetyl-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline and 1-acetyl-2-(1,2-dihydroquinoxalyl-2)-1,2-dihydroquinoxaline.Previous communication, [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 967–973, July, 1985.     

Critical investigation of methods for kinetic analysis of thermoanalytical data

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry -