A new intramolecular cyclisation reaction—I : Novel synthesis of benzo(k,1)thioxanthene-3,4-dicarboxylic anhydride and derived dyestuffs

A new direct synthesis of benzo(k,1)thioxanthene-3,4-dicarboxylic anhydride from 4-nitro-naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic anhydride and 2-aminobenzenethiol is reported; 4-(2-aminophenylthio) naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic anhydride and 4-phenylthionaphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic anhydride are also formed. Similar reaction in presence of amyl nitrite or sodium nitrite results in formation of larger amounts of 4-phenylthionaphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic anhydride, together with other products arising from the oxidation of 2-aminobenzenethiol; one such product is the new heterocycle 9,10-dithiaphenanthrene. 4-(2-Aminophenylthio)-naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic anhydride is rapidly converted by amyl nitrite or sodium nitrite in dimethylformamide into benzo(k,1)thioxanthene-3,4-dicarboxylic anhydride, constituting a novel one-stage intramolecular cyclisation reaction of greater convenience than the conventional two stage Pschorr cyclisation.     

Hetero analogs of alloxazines. 2. Structure and tautomerism of 6,8-dimethyl-7,9-dioxo-5h-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-b][4′,5′-e][1,4]thiazines

It is demonstrated by ¹³C NMR spectroscopy that the dipyrimidothiazines that are formed in the reaction of 1,3-dimethyl-5-nitro-6-chlorouracil with 4-R-5-amino-6-mercaptopyrimidines are dipyrimido[4,5-b][4,5-e] [1,4]thiazines. The tautomeric transformations of these compounds were studied.For communication 1, see [1]Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1426–1432, October, 1992.     

Determination of cadmium by atomic-fluorescence and atomic-absorption spectrophotometry

The adaptation of a conventional atomic-absorption/flameemission spectrophotometer to the measurement of atomic-fluorescence in an air-acetylene flame is described. The determination of cadmium on the same instrument by both atomic-fluorescence and absorption shows that, even with a rather simple and inefficient means of exciting and measuring fluorescence, results can be obtained which indicate that the fluorescence technique is considerably more sensitive than atomic-absorbance and is equally free from inter-element interference.     

Non self-consistent field theory

Roothaan's SCF method [2] is reformulated so that two non-SCP methods are developed to solve the eigenequation. The results from these methods can be used as starting eigenfunctions for Roothaan's SCF method.

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Zusammenfassung Die self-consistent field Methode von Roothaan [2] wird neu formuliert: dabei werden zwei Nicht-SCF Methoden zur Lösung der Eigenwertgleichung entwickelt. Deren Resultate können als Anfangsfunktionen bei Rechnungen mit der SCF-Methode von Roothaan benutzt werden.

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Résumé La méthode SCF de Roothaan [2] est reformulée en développant deux méthodes non-SCF pour la solution de l'équation aux valeurs propres. Les résultats de ces deux méthodes peuvent être utilisées comme fonctions de départ pour la méthode SCF de Roothaan.

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The title Theoretical Chemistry has been transferred to the Division of Physical Chemistry.     

Synthesis and Molecular and Crystalline Structure of Polyfluoro-1,3-Diazafluorenes

Reactions of 2-amino-3-(1-imino-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)hexafluoro-1H-indene with carboxylic acid anhydrides and chlorides afforded 2-alkyl(aryl)-4-trifluoromethyl-5,6,7,8,9,9-hexafluoro-1,3-diazafluorenes. The molecular and crystalline structure of the products was studied by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. 5,6,7,8,9,9-Hexafluoro-2-phenyl-4-trifluoromethyl-1,3-diazafluorene in crystal gives rise to infinite ladder chains via -stacking interaction between the benzene ring of one molecule and tetrafluorobenzene fragment of the other.     

Synthesis and Structure of Tri-p-tolylantimony Ditosylate

Tri-p-tolylantimony reacts with p-toluenesulfonic acid in the presence of benzoyl peroxide (1 : 2 : 1 molar ratio) in ether to give tri-p-tolylantimony ditosylate in 91% yield. According to X-ray diffraction data, the central antimony atom has the trigonal bipyramidal coordination with the axial location of the tosyl groups. The Sb-O bond lengths are 2.07(2) and 2.17(2) Å; Sb-C bond lengths, 2.08(3), 2.13(3), and 2.13(3) Å; and OSbO bond angle, 175.6(7)°.     

Natural radionuclide-free phosphoric acid production

High-uranium phosphate rock from Itataia, Brazil, was milled for wet-process phosphoric acid production using the dihydrate method. Uranium contained in the phosphoric acid was recovered by solvent extraction. The distribution of long-lived natural radionuclides of the ²³⁸U and ²³²Th decay series involved in these operations was evaluated. ²²⁶Ra, ²²⁸Ra and ²¹⁰Pb were found to predominate in the phosphogypsum, while ²²⁸Th, ²³⁰Th and ²³²Th in the uranium-free phosphoric acid. Thorium is removed from the phosphoric acid by solvent extraction to produce a NORM-free phosphoric acid.