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231.
Terzi F Seeber R Pigani L Zanardi C Pasquali L Nannarone S Fabrizio M Daolio S 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2005,109(41):19397-19402
In this article the adsorption of 3-methylthiophene on planar and nanoparticle Au surfaces is investigated. The resulting systems are compared with a benchmark system based on 1-decanethiol. The characterization data collected evidence the formation of a packed 3-methylthiophene SAM on the planar surface. In particular, spectroscopic investigations suggest that 3-methylthiophene aromatic system is not adsorbed on the surface through the pi-electron system but rather through the S atom alone. On the other hand, the behavior of 3-methylthiophene on nanoparticle surfaces is notably different from that of the alkanethiol. Only a limited fraction of the surface of Au nanoparticles results to be actually coated after purification; this notwithstanding, the nanoparticle growth seems to be strongly influenced by the presence of such a labile encapsulating agent. 相似文献
232.
Amendola V Rizzi GA Polizzi S Meneghetti M 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2005,109(49):23125-23128
Gold nanoparticles are synthesized by laser ablation of a gold plate in toluene. The nanoparticles do not show their characteristic surface plasmon absorption (SPA) and are found to be included in a graphitic matrix. The absence of this absorption is found to derive from the presence of the matrix which prevents the growth of large nanoparticles and covers them, suppressing the SPA according to the Mie model for core@shell particles. It is possible to recover the nanoparticle SPA by oxidizing the carbon matrix, obtaining, therefore, some control on the activity of this absorption. 相似文献
233.
We introduce a new protocol for a lossy data compression algorithm which is based on constraint satisfaction gates. We show that the theoretical capacity of algorithms built from standard parity-check gates converges exponentially fast to the Shannon's bound when the number of variables seen by each gate increases. We then generalize this approach by introducing random gates. They have theoretical performances nearly as good as parity checks, but they offer the great advantage that the encoding can be done in linear time using the survey inspired decimation algorithm, a powerful algorithm for constraint satisfaction problems derived from statistical physics. 相似文献
234.
Longhi S 《Optics letters》2005,30(7):786-788
It is shown that a frequency mode-locked laser with a sinusoidal sweep of modulation frequency around a mode-locking condition represents an ideal optical system for observing in the spectral domain the phenomena of dynamic localization and Bloch oscillations of electrons in an ideal solid placed in an external ac electric field. 相似文献
235.
In this paper we rigorously establish the existence of the mobility coefficient for a tagged particle in a simple symmetric exclusion process with adsorption/desorption of particles, in a presence of an external force field interacting with the particle. The proof is obtained using a perturbative argument. In addition, we show that, for a constant external field, the mobility of a particle equals to the self-diffusivity coefficient, the so-called Einstein relation. The method can be applied to any system where the environment has a Markovian evolution with a fast convergence to equilibrium (spectral gap property). In this context we find a necessary relation between forward and backward velocity for the validity of the Einstein relation. This relation is always satisfied by reversible systems. We provide an example of a non-reversible system, where the Einstein relation is valid.This revised version was published online in March 2005 with corrections to the page numbers. 相似文献
236.
Grazioli C Alfè D Krishnakumar SR Sen Gupta S Veronese M Turchini S Bonini N Dal Corso A Sarma DD Baroni S Carbone C 《Physical review letters》2005,95(11):117201
The occurrence of a noncollinear magnetic structure at a Mn monolayer grown epitaxially on Fe(100) is predicted theoretically, using spinor density-functional theory, and observed experimentally, using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and linear dichroism (XMLD) spectroscopies. The combined use of XMCD and XMLD at the Mn-absorption edge allows us to assess the existence of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic order at the interface, and also to determine the moment orientations with element specificity. The experimental results thus obtained are in excellent agreement with the magnetic structure determined theoretically. 相似文献
237.
Longhi S 《Optics letters》2005,30(16):2137-2139
Linear and nonlinear light propagation in an array of waveguides with a periodically bent axis is theoretically investigated. In the linear propagation regime, it is shown that a self-imaging effect at periodic planes may occur, a phenomenon analogous to that of dynamic localization observed when an electron in a periodic potential is subjected to an ac field. In the nonlinear propagation regime, it is shown that periodic waveguide bending under the self-imaging condition inhibits the phenomenon of discrete modulational instability. 相似文献
238.
We give a reduction procedure to determine (locally) the surfaces with constant Gauss curvature in a three-dimensional manifold which are invariant under the action of a one-parameter subgroup of the isometry group of the ambient space. We apply this procedure to describe the invariant surfaces with constant Gauss curvature in and in . 相似文献
239.
Giampaolo?Liuzzi Stefano?LucidiEmail author Veronica?Piccialli Antonello?Sotgiu 《Mathematical Programming》2004,101(2):339-364
In this paper we are concerned with the design of a small low-cost, low-field multipolar magnet for Magnetic Resonance Imaging with a high field uniformity. By introducing appropriate variables, the considered design problem is converted into a global optimization one. This latter problem is solved by means of a new derivative free global optimization method which is a distributed multi-start type algorithm controlled by means of a simulated annealing criterion. In particular, the proposed method employs, as local search engine, a derivative free procedure. Under reasonable assumptions, we prove that this local algorithm is attracted by global minimum points. Additionally, we show that the simulated annealing strategy is able to produce a suitable starting point in a finite number of steps with probability one.This work was supported by CNR/MIUR Research Program Metodi e sistemi di supporto alle decisioni, Rome, Italy.Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):65K05, 62K05, 90C56 相似文献
240.
Savasta S Di Stefano O Girlanda R Pieruccini M 《Physical review letters》2004,93(6):069701; author reply 069702