Coordination chemistry of anticrowns. Complexation of cyclic trimeric perfluoro-o-phenylenemercury (o-C6F4Hg)3 with compounds containing an active methylene group

The reactions of three-mercury anticrown (o-C₆F₄Hg)₃ (1) with acetoacetic ester (AE), malonic ester (ME), and malonodinitrile (MN) afford 1: 1 complexes {[(o-C₆F₄Hg)₃](AE)} (3), {[(o-C₆F₄Hg)₃](ME)} (4), and {[(o-C₆F₄Hg)₃](MN)} (5). The structures of complexes 3–5 were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Complex 3 has a discrete structure in the solid state, whereas complexes 4 and 5 form in the crystal extended stacks representing polydecker sandwiches with alternating molecules of 1 and ME or MN. According to the X-ray diffraction and IR spectral data, the molecule of AE in complex 3 is in the keto form.     

LES-based evaluation of a microjet noise reduction concept in static and flight conditions

The Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) numerical system established since 2002 for jet-noise computation is first evaluated in terms of recent gains in accuracy with increased computer resources, and is then used to explore the relatively new “microjet” noise-reduction concept (injection of high-pressure microjets in the vicinity of the main jet nozzle exit), which currently attracts attention in the aeroacoustic community. The simulations, which are carried out with an emulation of the microjets by specially designed distributed sources of mass, momentum, and energy in the governing equations, are found to capture the essential features of the flow/turbulence and the far-field noise alteration by the microjets observed in experiments, and to reveal the subtle flow features responsible for the effect of injection on noise. They also confirm the experimental observation that in static conditions microjets provide a noise reduction comparable with that from chevrons in the low-frequency range, and probably have a less pronounced high-frequency penalty. This positive evaluation of the microjets concept is, however, mitigated by the far less favorable results of simulations in flight conditions, which were never studied experimentally. The latter results, which are awaiting an experimental verification, make a practical use of the concept in its current form rather unlikely.     

The sensitivity of the steady-state electron transport within bulk wurtzite zinc oxide to variations in the non-parabolicity coefficient

We study the sensitivity of the steady-state electron transport that occurs within bulk wurtzite zinc oxide to variations in the non-parabolicity coefficient. An ensemble semi-classical three-valley Monte Carlo simulation approach is used for the purposes of this analysis. We find that for non-parabolicity coefficient selections beyond 0.4 eV ⁻¹, very few transitions to the upper energy conduction band valleys occur. This sensitivity to variations in the non-parabolicity coefficient has implications in terms of the form of the resultant velocity-field characteristics.     

Comparative Raman study of the Ti complex Cp2Ti(η2-C60) · C6H5CH3 and TixC60 films

Raman spectra from the first Ti fullerene complex Cp ₂Ti(η²-C₆₀) · C₆H₅CH₃ are presented. Compared to spectra of pure C₆₀, the spectra of the Ti complex exhibit a number of new peaks due to the symmetry lowering for C₆₀. The A _g(2) mode is downshifted by 12 cm⁻¹ compared to C₆₀, which corresponds to a charge transfer of one electron per Ti-C₆₀ bond. This value (6 cm⁻¹ for one transferred electron) is identical to the downshift of the A _g(2) mode in alkali metal fullerides with ionic bonding. The spectra of Cp ₂Ti(η²-C₆₀) · C₆H₅CH₃ were compared to the spectra of evaporated Ti_xC₆₀ films. The A _g(2) mode in Ti₄C₆₀ showed a downshift of about 25 cm⁻¹ compared to pure C₆₀, which corresponds to a charge transfer of one electron per Ti atom; this is similar to the ionic alkali metal fullerides and different from η²-C₆₀-type bonding. From Fizika Tverdogo Tela, Vol. 44, No. 3, 2002, pp. 483–485. Original English Text Copyright ? 2002 by Talyzin, Jansson, Usatov, Burlakov, Shur, Novikov. This article was submitted by the authors in English.     

On the theorem on asymptotic equidistribution of the convolution powers of symmetric measures on a unimodular group

The theorem on the asymptotic equidistribution of the convolution powers of a symmetric probability measure given on a unimodular group [1] deals with a measure whose convolution powers, starting from one of them, load an arbitrary prescribed nonempty subset of the group. In the present note, we indicate the modifications that arise under the replacement of the above condition by the requirement that the smallest closed subgroup (of the group considered) generated by the support of this measure coincide with the group itself. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 60, No. 1, pp. 120–126, July, 1996. This research was partially supported by the International Science Foundation under grant No. 3J000.     

Growth and characterization of epitaxial layers on aluminum nitride substrates prepared from bulk, single crystals

A comparative study of epitaxy of AlN, GaN and their alloys, grown on c-axis and off-axis substrates of single-crystal aluminum nitride has been carried out. Growth on off-axis (>30°) substrates appears to result in rough surfaces and the absence of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). However, smooth morphologies were demonstrated for both homoepitaxial and heteroepitaxial growth on on-axis (<2°) substrates. On one of these oriented substrates a 2DEG, with a mobility of 1000 cm²/V s and a sheet density of 8.5×10¹² cm⁻² at room temperature, was also demonstrated for the first time.