Oxovanadium(IV), copper(II) or cobalt(II) acetylacetone complexes immobilized on amino‐functionalized CMK‐3 for the aerobic epoxidation of styrene

Oxovanadium(IV), copper(II) and cobalt(II) acetylacetone complexes have been grafted onto amino‐modified CMK‐3‐O (VO‐NH₂‐CMK‐3, Cu‐NH₂‐CMK‐3 and Co‐NH₂‐CMK‐3,respectively) and the materials thus prepared were used as heterogeneous catalysts for the aerobic oxidation of styrene. X‐ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption–desorption and transmission electron microscopy measurements confirmed the structural integrity of the mesoporous hosts, and spectroscopic characterization techniques (Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray photoelectron, Raman) and thermogravimetry confirmed the ligands and the successful anchoring of the acetylacetone complexes to the modified mesoporous support. VO‐NH₂‐CMK‐3 displayed a relatively good catalytic performance with 94.6% of styrene conversion using air as oxidant, while Cu‐NH₂‐CMK‐3 gave 99.6% of styrene conversion using tert‐butyl hydroperoxide as oxidant. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Invariable mobility edge in a quasiperiodic lattice

We analytically and numerically study a 1 D tight-binding model with tunable incommensurate potentials.We utilize the self-dual relation to obtain the critical energy,namely,the mobility edge.Interestingly,we analytically demonstrate that this critical energy is a constant independent of strength of potentials.Then we numerically verify the analytical results by analyzing the spatial distributions of wave functions,the inverse participation rate and the multifractal theory.All numerical results are in excellent agreement with the analytical results.Finally,we give a brief discussion on the possible experimental observation of the invariable mobility edge in the system of ultracold atoms in optical lattices.     

MIL-53系列金属有机骨架化合物的合成及在Strecker反应中的催化性能

通过改变金属中心和配体官能团，合成了4个MIL-53系列金属有机骨架化合物NH₂-MIL-53（Sc），NH₂-MIL-53（Al），MIL-53（Sc）和NO₂-MIL-53（Sc）；研究了它们在合成α-氨基腈的Strecker反应中的催化性能.结果表明，NH₂-MIL-53（Sc）对于Strecker反应具有优异的催化性能，并具有可重复使用性.通过对比NH₂-MIL-53（Sc）和NH₂-MIL-53（Al）的催化性能，分析了金属离子半径和金属中心不饱和配位点对Strecker反应的影响.通过对比NH₂-MIL-53（Sc）与MIL-53（Sc）的催化性能，证明了作为路易斯碱中心的氨基可通过与路易斯酸中心的协同作用，有效促进Strecker反应的进行.通过对比NO₂-MIL-53（Sc）与MIL-53（Sc）的催化性能，认为催化剂结构上的硝基对于Strecker反应的进行具有重要影响.最后，通过对比NH₂-MIL-53（Sc）、硝酸钪和2-氨基对苯二甲酸（ATA）配体对催化性能的影响，总结出催化剂在纳米尺度的孔道结构是提高Strecker反应选择性的关键因素.     

Dioxomolybdenum(VI) complex covalently attached to amino‐modified graphene oxide: heterogeneous catalyst for the epoxidation of alkenes

Transition metal salen complex MoO₂–salen was successfully tethered onto amino‐functionalized graphene oxide (designated as MoO₂–salen–GO), which was tested in the epoxidation of various alkenes using tert‐butylhydroperoxide or H₂O₂ as oxidant. Characterization results showed that dioxomolybdenum(VI) complex was successfully grafted onto the amino‐functionalized graphene oxide and the structure of the graphene oxide was well preserved after several stepwise synthesis procedures. Catalytic tests showed that heterogeneous catalyst MoO₂–salen–GO was more active than its homogeneous analogue MoO₂–salen in the epoxidation of cyclooctene due to site isolation. In addition, the MoO₂–salen–GO catalyst could be reused three times without significant loss of activity. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Enhanced nonisothermal crystallization of a series of poly(butylene succinate‐co‐terephthalate) biopolyesters by poly(vinyl butyral)

Enhanced nonisothermal crystallization of a series of poly(butylene succinate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBST) by poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) as a macromolecular nucleating agent has been examined systematically with various techniques and theoretical modeling. The role of PVB depends strongly on the butylene terephthalate content, PVB content, and cooling rate. The (0.3–0.7 wt %) PVB reduces the spherulitic size, but considerably increases the peak temperature of crystallization, for example, by 28 °C for the PBST with 50 mol % terephthalic acid. The effects of PVB are believed to stem from its unique molecular structure. Both the hydroxyl and butyral groups of PVB may synergistically participate in nucleating PBSTs for crystallization because of favorable secondary interaction and affinity of butyral groups with butylene succinate units of PBSTs. Only the Tobin model suffices to describe the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics, while the modified Avrami model is suitable for limited crystallinity. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017 , 55, 658–672     

Synthesis,morphology and phase transition of the zinc molybdates ZnMoO4·0.8H2O/α-ZnMoO4/ZnMoO4 by hydrothermal method

ZnMoO₄ with a rhombus sheet or flower-like structure, α-ZnMoO₄ and needle-like ZnMoO₄·0.8 H₂O were successfully synthesized by simple hydrothermal crystallization processes with citric acid. ZnMoO₄·0.8 H₂O was easily synthesized in a shorter reaction time (2 h) at a higher reactant concentration. It gradually transformed into ZnMoO₄ with a monoclinic wolframite tungstate structure with an increased reaction time, and pure ZnMoO₄ was obtained with a longer reaction time (8 h). Citric acid (CA) played an important role in controlling the morphology of the as-obtained molybdates. The α-ZnMoO₄ and ZnMoO₄ were synthesized by heating ZnMoO₄·0.8 H₂O at 130 °C for 4 h and 8 h, respectively, under hydrothermal conditions. With transforming of ZnMoO₄·0.8 H₂O to α-ZnMoO₄ and further to ZnMoO₄, the needle-like crystals gradually disappeared and were transformed into crystals with rhombus sheet morphology and then further to pentacle or flower-like crystals that can be ascribed to continuous splitting and growing of the rhombus sheets.     

Splitting lemma in the infinity and a strong resonant problem with periodic nonlinearity

In this paper we study the periodic boundary problem: −u^″−u+g(u)=h(t),u(0)=u(2π),u^′(0)=u^′(2π)$-u^{″}-u+g\left(u\right)=h\left(t\right),u\left(0\right)=u\left(2\pi \right),u^{\prime }\left(0\right)=u^{\prime }\left(2\pi \right)$ with periodic nonlinearity g$g$. We proved that the problem has infinite solutions. The method we used is a variational reduction method of T. Bartsch and S.J. Li.     

A pH ratiometrically responsive surface enhanced resonance Raman scattering probe for tumor acidic margin delineation and image-guided surgery

Surgery remains the mainstay for most solid tumor treatments. However, surgeons face challenges in intra-operatively identifying invasive tumor margins due to their infiltrative nature. Incomplete excision usually leads to early recurrence, while aggressive resection may injure adjacent functional tissues. Herein, we report a pH responsive ratiometric surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERRS) probe that determined physiological pHs with a high sensitivity and tissue penetration depth via an innovative mechanism named spatial orientation induced intramolecular energy transfer (SOIET). Due to the positive correlation between tumor acidity and malignancy, an acidic margin-guided surgery strategy was implemented in live animal models by intra-operatively assessing tissue pH/malignancy of the suspicious tissues in tumor cutting edges. This surgery remarkably extended the survival of animal models and minimized their post-surgical complications, showing promise in precisely identifying invasive tumor boundaries and achieving a balance between maximum tumor debulking and minimal functional impairment.

A novel pH ratiometrically responsive surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) probe was developed for tumor acidic margin delineation and image-guided surgery.