An analysis of seismic attenuation in random porous media

The attenuation of seismic wave in rocks has been one of the interesting research topics, but till now no poroelasticity models can thoroughly explain the strong attenuation of wave in rocks. In this paper, a random porous medium model is designed to study the law of wave propagation in complex rocks based on the theory of Biot poroelasticity and the general theory of stochastic process. This model sets the density of grain, porosity, permeability and modulus of frame as random parameters in space, and only one fluid infiltrates in rocks for the sake of better simulation effect in line with real rocks in earth strata. Numerical simulations are implemented. Two different inverse quality factors of fast P-wave are obtained by different methods to assess attenuation through records of virtual detectors in wave field (One is amplitude decay method in time domain and the other is spectral ratio method in frequency domain). Comparing the attenuation results of random porous medium with those of homogeneous porous medium, we conclude that the attenuation of seismic wave of homogeneous porous medium is far weaker than that of random porous medium. In random porous media, the higher heterogeneous level is, the stronger the attenuation becomes, and when heterogeneity σ = 0.15 in simulation, the attenuation result is consistent with that by actual observation. Since the central frequency (50 Hz) of source in numerical simulation is in earthquake band, the numerical results prove that heterogeneous porous structure is one of the important factors causing strong attenuation in real stratum at intermediate and low frequency.     

Optical Measurement of φ750 mm Telescope System

为了探测更高轨道的空间目标,研制了一台通光口径为φ750 mm的望远镜.该望远镜为主焦点光学系统,由一片二次非球面反射元件和四片透射元件组成,具有大视场(4°),大相对孔径(1∶1.32)和宽光谱(500～800 nm)的特点.本文以该望远镜的研制为基础,介绍了其光学系统各个元件的单独检测和系统装调完成后的整体检测方法和过程.采用样板法对系统中的球面透射元件进行了单独检测,采用透射无像差补偿器法对二次非球面反射镜进行了单独检测,采用反射无像差补偿器法对组合起来的透射校正镜组进行了检测,并且对系统装调对准之后的光学系统进行室内平行光管和室外对星观测两种方法进行检测,测量结果均满足设计要求,其中球面透镜的面形误差小于0.1个光圈,反射元件和透射元件非球面表面的面形误差均优于λ/30(λ=632.8 nm),透射校正镜组的波像差优于λ/30(λ=632.8nm).光学系统整体检测结果表明,室内和室外检测结果一致,其像面的80％能量集中度直径在4°的全视场范围内均小于2个像元,达到了设计的成像要求.     

超声波空化作用对ICP光源辐射强度的影响

为了增大电感耦合等离子体辐射强度,降低分析检出限,实验研究了水样品经过超声波空化处理以后样品表面张力和粘度的变化,并探索了空化效应对光谱强度和信背比的影响。实验结果证明,样品溶液的表面张力和黏度随着超声波功率和空化时间的增加均呈现出先减小后增大的变化规律,在功率为50 W、时间为15min时水样品的表面张力和粘度最低。经此条件处理的水样品引入ICP以后,元素Al,Cd,Mn,Ni,Pb和Zn的谱线强度比无空化处理时分别提高了56.73%,57.23%,44.57%,43.20%,39.04%和40.19%,光谱信背比分别提高了61.54%,64.86%,44.95%,52.27%,40.84%和40.85%。可见,空化处理水溶液能够改善ICP发射光谱质量。     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Biological Activity of 5-(2-Methylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one Derivatives

3-Methyl-5-(2-methylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one(6) and N,N-diethyl-2-(2-methylbenzoyl)-hydrazinecarboxamide(7) were designed and synthesized from 5-(2-methylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one(5) by substituting and ring-opening, respectively. The target compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR spectroscopy, MS, elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 6(C10H10N2O2, Mr = 190.20) crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P 1 with a = 7.4645(16), b = 10.868(2), c = 12.970(3) A, α= 110.542(2), β= 98.142(2), γ=99.766(2)°, V = 947.7(3) A3, Z = 4, F(000) = 400, Dc = 1.333 g/cm3, μ= 0.095 mm-1, the final R =0.0550 and wR = 0.1483 for 2956 observed reflections with I 2γ(I). Compound 7(C13H19N3O2, Mr= 249.31) crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 18.926(3), b =12.1853(17), c = 14.740(2) o,(I) = 125.6380(10)°, V = 2762.7(7) A3, Z = 8, F(000) = 1072, Dc=1.199 g/cm3, μ= 0.083 mm-1, the final R = 0.0554 and w R = 0.1468 for 2395 observed reflections with I 2σ(I). The preliminary bioassay results indicate that compound 6 exhibits notable fungicidal activities against Fusarium graminearum, Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia cerealis and Colletotrichum capsici at the concentration of 100 μg/mL.     

应力场下固—液相分离制备微孔聚丙烯中空纤维膜

将聚丙烯和石蜡油的混合物熔融挤出,使之在较高的应力场下冷却和相分离,得到了弹性聚丙烯中空纤维。这种部分结晶的弹性纤维可能具有平行排列的片晶结构,石蜡油存在于片晶之间。将石蜡油提取掉后稍加拉伸即可得到透气性很好的微孔中空纤维渗透膜。     

水热法合成硒化锡纳米盘及其形成机理探讨

本制备方法以二氧化硒(SeO2)为硒源,以氯化亚锡(SnCl2·2H2O)为锡源,以水合肼(N2H4·H2O)为还原剂在180 ℃ 的条件下利用水热法合成了硒化锡纳米盘.产物分别用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)表征手段进行了表征,探索了硒化锡纳米盘的形成机理.通过一系列反应物中不同硒元素与锡元素的摩尔比的条件实验,讨论了其对反应所得产物的影响;另外,通过不同反应温度的条件实验,研究了反应体系温度对所得反应产物的影响,讨论了相关的规律.     

9-乙烯基蒽和对-N,N-二甲氨基苯乙烯激基络合物的生成和光二聚反应

测定了9-乙烯基蒽和对-N,N-二甲氨基苯乙烯体系在不同极性的溶剂中的荧光光谱和荧光量子产率。发现随着溶剂极性的增加,激基络合物的荧光发生红移,荧光量子产率降低。同时9-乙烯基蒽和对-N,N-二甲氨基苯乙烯之间的光二聚产物的相对产率也降低。并讨论了经过激基络合物中间体的光二聚反应机理。     

低温凝胶燃烧法合成Y2O3∶Er3+，Yb3+纳米晶上转换发光材料

分别以柠檬酸和甘氨酸为燃烧剂,采用低温凝胶燃烧法合成了Er³⁺、Yb³⁺共掺Y₂O₃纳米晶粉体。通过TG-DSC、XRD、SEM等分析手段对两种燃烧剂所对应的反应过程及纳米晶粉体的物理性能进行了分析,结果表明甘氨酸法具有更高的反应效率、更好的粉体分散性及粒径均匀性。在980 nm激光二极管(LD)激发下,对甘氨酸法所得样品的上转换发光性能分析表明,绿光和红光发射谱带分别来自于Er³⁺的⁴S_3/2/ ²H_11/2→ ⁴I_15/2和⁴F_9/2→ ⁴I_15/2跃迁。此外,对Er³⁺和Yb³⁺掺杂浓度、粉体煅烧温度对纳米晶样品上转换发光性能的影响进行了讨论。     

Cis-and Trans-Coordination Assembly of Nitrogen Heterocycle with Copper(II) and Silver(I)

After the preparation of 1,4-bis(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzene(bdib),a nitrogen heterocycle with potential coordination manners of both cis-and tram-configuration forms,three complexes,including successfully self-assembled.Complexes 1 and 2 crystallized in the monoclinic system with P21/n space group and complex 3 in the triclinic system with P1 space group.