Electroreduction of α-glucose on CNT/graphite electrode modified by Zn and Zn–Fe alloy

Electroreduction of -glucose to form sorbitol on Zn/CNTs and Zn alloy/CNTs electrodes has been investigated in this paper. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) used in this paper are grown directly on graphite disks by chemical vapor deposition. Zn and Zn alloy are electrodeposited on the activated CNTs/graphite electrode by pulse galvanostatic method. The micrographs of Zn/CNTs and Zn alloy/CNTs electrodes are characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the current efficiency of -glucose reduction on CNTs electrodes is much better than that on flat Zn electrodes. The order of the current efficiency on different electrodes is as follows: Zn/CNT (0.58) Zn–Fe/CNT (0.57)>Zn–Ni/CNT (0.43) Zn/graphite (0.42)>Zn (0.40). It indicates that CNTs have good potential application in electrosynthesis. Additionally, effects of some operating parameters, such as pH, temperature and -glucose concentration, on the current efficiency of -glucose reduction are also discussed.     

Scalable Preparation of Photochromic Composite Foils with Excellent Reversibility for Light Printing

Photochromic inks for repeatable light‐printed media have attracted increasing attention owing to the fact that they may be widely applied to reduce the consumption of papers and plastics and conserve the environment. Therefore, it is of practical significance to develop convenient photochromic inks with a low cost and on a large scale. In this study, a simple one‐step hydrothermal route was used to prepare tungsten trioxide (WO₃) nanoparticles, which were further used to make photochromic inks and transparent photochromic films. The obtained transparent photochromic film could rapidly respond to UV light within tens of seconds, then return to its initial state, with different recovery times at different temperatures, and also exhibit good reversible coloration–bleaching effect. A typical polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foil coated with the photochromic ink could also be repeatedly printed with various patterns and displayed excellent rewritable performance over tens of cycles. This study proposes a simple method for widespread applications of WO₃‐based photochromic inks.     

O~(2+)离子穿过碳膜引起的前后表面电子发射

测量了入射能为1.9~11.3 keV/u的O~(2+)离子穿过碳膜诱导的前向、后向(分别对应出射表面和入射表面)电子发射产额。实验中,通过改变入射离子的能量和流强,系统地研究了电子能损和离子束流强度对前向、后向电子发射产额的影响。结果表明,在本实验的能量范围内,前向、后向电子发射产额与对应表面的电子能损有近似的正比关系,而与束流强度无关。分析还发现引起后向电子发射的动能阈值约为0.2 keV/u,势能电子发射产额约为1 e~-/ion。     

精制煤液化中油加氢裂化制取喷气燃料的研究

在实验室固定床反应装置上,选用Mo-Ni-P/Si-Al工业催化剂,对精煤液化中油进行了加氢裂化制取喷气燃料的实验。考察了反应温度、空速对芳烃加氢转化及产品馏分分布的影响。通过加氢裂化,降低了油品芳烃含量,提高了喷气燃料馏分的收率。在总压为15MPa,反应温度为350—360℃,空速为0.8—1.0h~(-1)条件下,获得了芳烃含量低于10w%的低结晶点的优质喷气燃料产品。并对煤液化中油制取的喷气燃料的组成和性质进行了分析和评价。     

水合物反应液中水活度系数模型研究进展

水合物反应液中水活度系数的计算对水合物相平衡特性的研究及水合物技术的应用具有重要意义。 通过调研大量的国内外资料,概括了Margules、Wilson、NRTL、UNIQUAC及UNIFAC活度系数方程及其关联式等模型及其应用,结果表明,Margules模型常用于二元体系活度系数的计算,但对高温高压体系条件下的溶液适用性较差;Wilson模型参数回归误差稍大且不适于溶质与离子不能完全互溶体系;UNIQUAC模型在含水或咪唑类离子反应液体系中误差较大;多元离子体系相平衡的研究中常选择NRTL模型;UNIFAC模型拟合效果较好,可实现较高浓度体系活度系数的精确计算,应用较广泛。 水活度关联方程参数拟合效果好,且准确度高,但在高温高压水合物反应液体系中的计算仍是一个技术难点,是今后的研究方向。     

Consensus of second-order multi-agent systems with nonlinear dynamics and switching topology

This paper is concerned with the consensus problem in second-order multi-agent systems with nonlinear dynamics and switching topology. The switching rule is assumed to switch among a finite number of undirected graphs and be trajectory dependent. By using Lyapunov–Metzler inequalities, some easily checkable conditions are obtained to guarantee that consensus can be achieved by a state switching rule. Two examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.     

关于中间激波的回顾与展望

中间激波是传统理论认为在物理上不可能实现的一类激波，但是，近年来在数值模拟中发现了它的结构，因此，在国际上引发了中间激波研究的高潮．本文首先系统地回顾了中间微波的研究历史和发展，给出了传统的激波演化性理论，并通过引用演化性理论，否定了中间激波的稳定存在．然后，介绍了近年来在中间激波方面的工作及进展情况，最后阐述了我们的一些看法．     

Heterogeneity in optimized solid-state synthesis of metavanadate AVO3 (A = Rb,Cs)

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Methanol was used to optimize the solid-state synthesizing method of alkali metavanadates AVO3 (A = Rb, Cs) for the first time and the...     

Jump relations of the quadruple layer potential on a regular surface in three dimensions

The jump relations of the quadruple layer potential on a regular surface in three dimensions are derived. The jumps are shown to be proportional to the product of the density of the potential and the mean curvature of the underlying surface.     

Control of a multigroup COVID-19 model with immunity: treatment and test elimination

Nonlinear Dynamics - This paper introduces a multigroup COVID-19 model with immunity, in which the total population of each group is partitioned into five compartments, that is, susceptible,...