High pressure and thermal pasteurization effects on sweet cherry juice microbiological stability and physicochemical properties

This study evaluated high pressure processing (P1 – 400?MPa/5?min; P2 – 550?MPa/2?min) and thermal pasteurization (TP – 70°C/30?s) effects on sweet cherry juice's microbiological and physicochemical parameters, during four weeks of refrigerated storage. All treatments reduced the microbiological load to undetectable levels not affecting total soluble solids and titratable acidity. The pH increased with all treatments, however, it decreased during storage. Phenols were differently affected: TP increased them by 6%, P1 had no effect while P2 decreased them by 11%. During storage, phenols in control and TP samples decreased by 26% and 20%, P1 samples decreased them by 11% whereas P2 showed no variation. TP had no effect on anthocyanins, while pressure treatments increased them by 8%. Anthocyanins decreased during storage, particularly in the control and P1 (decreasing 41%). All treatments had no effect on antioxidant activity until the 14th day, thereafter high pressure processing samples showed the highest antioxidant activity.     

一种红外场景/点源目标模拟器技术研究

研究了一种红外场景/点源目标模拟器。模拟器由一路红外场景、一路点源目标和四路点源干扰组成。模拟器包括点源目标/干扰通道、中继光学系统、成像通道、多目标复合系统、运动控制系统和机械支撑及连接结构,可以同时模拟一路点源目标,四路点源干扰和一路红外场景。对模拟器进行实验研究,模拟器所生成红外图像的空间分辨率达到10 lp/mm,模拟器点源光斑尺寸最小为42μm,最大为499μm。该模拟器已经成功应用到半实物仿真试验中。     

用Matlab比较双缝干涉和双缝衍射

运用Matlab软件,对双缝衍射和双缝干涉、单缝衍射的光强分布和谱线特征进行了数值模拟,绘出实验中难以观察到的光强分布图,比较出双缝衍射与双缝干涉及单缝衍射的联系与区别。     

弹簧参与的微小振动一定是简谐运动吗

振动和波动是生活中的一种非常普遍而重要的运动形式,其中简谐振动是最简单、最基本的运动,弹簧振子是研究简谐运动的最基本模型.在研究弹簧参与的微小振动时,部分学生不能很好的判定弹簧参与的微小振动是否为简谐运动.本文讨论了系统作简谐运动的充要条件,并通过4个具体例子详细分析了弹簧参与的微小振动.     

Antiplasmodial Drugs in the Gas Phase: A CID and DFT Study of Quinolon-4(1H)-Imine Derivatives

The gas-phase behavior of 12 quinolon-4(1H)-imine derivatives with antiplasmodial activity was investigated using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry together with collision induced dissociation and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The most probable protonation site was predicted by calculating the proton affinity (PA) values for each possible protonation site and it was found to be the imine nitrogen for all compounds under study. Fragmentation pathways of the protonated molecules were proposed and the assignment of product ion structures was performed taking into account theoretical calculations. The nature of the quinoline substituent was found to influence the gas-phase behavior of the compounds under study. The data acquired allowed to bracket the proton affinity of the quinolin-4-imine scaffold, which can be a useful starting point to choose appropriate references for determining PA values of this scaffold. Figure

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Selective etching of ZnTe in HF:H2O2:H2O solution: Interpretation of extended defect‐related etch figures

HF:H₂O₂:H₂O solution (40%wt.HF: 30wt.%H₂O₂: H₂O, 3:2:1 by volume) was used to reveal extended defects (line, face and volume defects) in bulk ZnTe crystals grown from Te solution. The etch patterns were analyzed based on their size, shape and distribution. The etch figures, both in the shape of pits and hillocks with high resolution, show forms controlled by the symmetries of the respective faces were produced. Two different sizes of pits were observed, the larger‐size pits correspond to dislocations penetrating the surface, however, the smaller‐size texture pits are produced on the defect‐free region, which serve as standard pits on respect faces. The face defects, such as grain boundaries, sub‐grain boundaries, dislocation walls, twins and stacking faults, can be all displayed clearly. Another essential feature of the etchant is that, it can effectively dissolve Te‐rich phase (Te inclusion/precipitates), which makes it promising to reveal the shape of this volume defect.     

纳米Fe3O4/高岭土复合粉体制备及其对亚甲基蓝吸附性能研究

以天然高岭土为载体、利用化学共沉淀法成功地制备出纳米Fe3O4/高岭土复合粉体。采用XRD、FSEM对复合粉体的物相组成、粒径、显微结构、形貌进行了表征,并研究了其磁分离性能和对亚甲基蓝(MB)的吸附性能。结果显示,复合粉体中的铁氧化物呈单一的Fe3O4相,Fe3O4晶粒的尺寸为10~30 nm,且均匀负载于高岭石晶体表面。当Fe3O4、高岭土质量比为1∶5时,复合粉体的磁分离率高达90.12%,并具有良好的吸附性能。复合粉体对MB的去除率随着吸附时间的延长、吸附温度的升高、溶液p H的增大和投入量的增加而逐步提高,随着MB溶液初始浓度的增大而逐步减小;对MB的吸附量随初始浓度的增大而逐步增大。     

Unusual Acetylation‐Dependent Reaction Cascade in the Biosynthesis of the Pyrroloindole Drug Physostigmine

Physostigmine is a parasympathomimetic drug used to treat a variety of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease and glaucoma. Because of its potent biological activity and unique pyrroloindole skeleton, physostigmine has been the target of many organic syntheses. However, the biosynthesis of physostigmine has been relatively understudied. In this study, we identified a biosynthetic gene cluster for physostigmine by genome mining. The 8.5 kb gene cluster encodes eight proteins (PsmA–H), seven of which are required for the synthesis of physostigmine from 5‐hydroxytryptophan, as shown by in vitro total reconstitution. Further genetic and enzymatic studies enabled us to delineate the biosynthetic pathway for physostigmine. The pathway features an unusual reaction cascade consisting of highly coordinated methylation and acetylation/deacetylation reactions.