Cold Sintering of Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12/PEO Composite Solid Electrolytes

Ceramic/polymer composite solid electrolytes integrate the high ionic conductivity of in ceramics and the flexibility of organic polymers. In practice, ceramic/polymer composite solid electrolytes are generally made into thin films rather than sintered into bulk due to processing temperature limitations. In this work, Li_6.4La₃Zr_1.4Ta_0.6O₁₂ (LLZTO)/polyethylene-oxide (PEO) electrolyte containing bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) as the lithium salt was successfully fabricated into bulk pellets via the cold sintering process (CSP). Using CSP, above 80% dense composite electrolyte pellets were obtained, and a high Li-ion conductivity of 2.4 × 10⁻⁴ S cm^–1 was achieved at room temperature. This work focuses on the conductivity contributions and microstructural development within the CSP process of composite solid electrolytes. Cold sintering provides an approach for bridging the gap in processing temperatures of ceramics and polymers, thereby enabling high-performance composites for electrochemical systems.     

Flavonoids from Lycium barbarum Leaves Exhibit Anti-Aging Effects through the Redox-Modulation

Lycium barbarum leaves are a kind of vegetable, and modern nutrition studies have found that they have an anti-aging function. Our study aims to investigate the anti-aging effects of Lycium barbarum leaf flavonoid (LBLF) extracts and its underlying molecular mechanism. LBLFs were purified using D101 and polyamide resin, characterized by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and administered to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and Caenorhabditis elegans. Appropriate enrichment conditions were optimized through dynamic adsorption and desorption experiments, the content of flavonoids reached 909.84 mg/g, rutin and kaempferol being the main ones. LBLFs attenuated H₂O₂-induced HUVEC apoptosis, decreased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde production levels, increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. Furthermore, pre-treatment with LBLF increased mRNA expression of erythropoietin (EPO) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in HUVECs. Compared with 100 µM rutin monomer, LBLF prolonged the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, enhanced their mobility in middle life stages and upregulated expression of sod-2, gcs-1 and skn-1 genes, which indicated that the anti-aging effects of LBLF were due to its redox-modulation.     

Prolonged lifespan of initial-anode-free lithium-metal battery by pre-lithiation in Li-rich Li2Ni0.5Mn1.5O4 spinel cathode

Anode-free lithium metal batteries (AF-LMBs) can deliver the maximum energy density. However, achieving AF-LMBs with a long lifespan remains challenging because of the poor reversibility of Li⁺ plating/stripping on the anode. Here, coupled with a fluorine-containing electrolyte, we introduce a cathode pre-lithiation strategy to extend the lifespan of AF-LMBs. The AF-LMB is constructed with Li-rich Li₂Ni_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ cathodes as a Li-ion extender; the Li₂Ni_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ can deliver a large amount of Li⁺ in the initial charging process to offset the continuous Li⁺ consumption, which benefits the cycling performance without sacrificing energy density. Moreover, the cathode pre-lithiation design has been practically and precisely regulated using engineering methods (Li-metal contact and pre-lithiation Li-biphenyl immersion). Benefiting from the highly reversible Li metal on the Cu anode and Li₂Ni_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ cathode, the further fabricated anode-free pouch cells achieve 350 W h kg⁻¹ energy density and 97% capacity retention after 50 cycles.

Benefiting from highly reversible structure evolution of pre-lithiated Li-rich Li₂Ni_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ cathode, the corresponding anode-free pouch cell delivers a considerable energy density of 350 W h kg⁻¹ and 97% capacity retention after 50 cycles.     

电子束发散角的直接测量技术模拟研究

切伦科夫辐射是一种方向性极好的辐射,其辐射能量发射方向严格地与带电粒子的运动方向相关,辐射光携带了带电粒子的方向信息,利用这种特性可以进行电子束发散角及其分布的测量。在基于切伦科夫辐射原理的基础上,考虑电子与物质作用时的多重库仑散射、电离等效应,进行了电子束发散角测量的蒙特卡罗数值模拟程序的建模工作,并完成了理想电子束及具有发散角分布的电子束的测量技术模拟工作。大量模拟结果显示,这种测量方法是可行的,具有对电子束发散角分布进行直接测量的能力,并且其测量系统结构简单。     

非线性传输线产生射频脉冲原理研究

介绍了非线性传输线的工作原理和色散特性,给出了用于模拟交叉耦合磁饱和非线性传输线的计算方法。算法基于传输线各节点的时域差分方程组进行步进迭代,其中利用J-A模型描述传输线中NiZn铁氧体磁芯的非线性磁化行为,并模拟了非线性传输线的工作方式。实验获得了中心频率165 MHz的宽带脉冲输出,初步验证了用于产生宽带电磁脉冲的非线性传输线关键技术。     

时域全波电磁计算程序JEMS-FDTD在复杂电磁环境研究中的应用

将自主研发的大规模并行三维全波电磁场时域求解程序JEMS-FDTD应用于复杂电磁环境问题,计算并分析了楼宇内电波传播特性和飞行器瞬态电磁特性。对楼宇内电波传播特性的计算获得了建筑物内任意位置的电磁场分布和电磁脉冲在建筑物内的时域传播过程,其结果可用于无线通信和电磁环境安全研究;对飞行器瞬态电磁特性的计算获得了飞行器舱内外瞬态电磁近场分布,其结果可用于飞行器强辐射场防护等研究。     

基于数字地图的二维电波传播问题仿真

为快速预测二维地理环境下的电磁环境特性,应用二维抛物方程模型对电磁环境进行仿真。为了得到真实有效的地形数据,研究了从GeoTiff中抽取网格点上地理信息的方法,并利用双线性插值法计算了任意位置处的高程值。同时研究了地球表面两点之间计算距离的方法,将该方法的计算结果与GIS软件结果进行对比,验证了该方法的可靠性。在标准大气环境下,利用二维抛物方程模型仿真分析了不同距离处不同高度的电波传播传播因子的变化情况,为预测真实地理环境中的电波传播特性提供了一种有效的方法。     

高功率双频宽谱平面倒F天线设计分析

设计了一种双频带的高功率宽谱平面倒F天线。在矩形贴片上开L形槽实现天线双频辐射。采用圆锥过渡实现同轴馈线到平板之间的宽带阻抗匹配;通过折叠振子电容加载和合理增加天线高度和宽度实现天线宽带设计。经过优化设计,实现了274 MHz和680 MHz的双频输出,反射系数S11不超过-6 dB的低频带宽和高频带宽分别达到14.6%和20.1%。天线的低频和高频增益分别达到4.4 dB和4.6 dB,对应辐射效率分别达到98%和99%。主辐射方向上的低频和高频远场辐射场与距离乘积与馈入宽带脉冲幅度比值分别为1.07和1.14。对天线的高功率容量进行了设计,将天线置于充0.2 MPa压力SF6气体的增强尼龙箱体中,天线可承受200 MW宽谱高功率微波。     

颜色视觉匹配中显示器颜色色差阈值的评价

为了对阴极射线管(Cathode ray tube,CRT)显示器颜色恰可辨别的小色差阈值进行评价,在中性灰背景下,用编制的颜色匹配程序,在CRT显示器上随机产生颜色,分别调节程序中R、G、B通道的值,使匹配色与随机色达到视觉上的一致,进行颜色视觉匹配实验,测量CRT显示器上随机色和匹配色的L*a*b*值.用不同的色差公式对实验数据分别从明度、色调、饱和度进行比较分析,色差公式评价小色差的性能是CIEDE2000优于CMC(2∶1)和CIEL*a*b*.在a*b*图上绘制实验颜色恰可辨别图.不同色差公式计算的CRT显示器恰可辨别小色差阈值不同.     

Multi-Channel Optical Device for Solar-Driven Bacterial Inactivation under Real-Time Temperature Feedback

Solar-driven photothermal antibacterial devices have attracted a lot of interest due to the fact that solar energy is one of the cleanest sources of energy in the world. However, conventional materials have a narrow absorbance band, resulting in deficient solar harvesting. In addition, lack of knowledge on temperature change in these devices during the photothermal process has also led to a waste of energy. Here, we presented an elegant multi-channel optical device with a multilayer structure to simultaneously address the above-mentioned issues in solar-driven antibacterial devices. In the photothermal channel, semiconductor IrO₂-nanoaggregates exhibited higher solar absorbance and photothermal conversion efficiency compared with nanoparticles. In the luminescence channel, thermal-sensitive Er-doped upconversion nanoparticles were utilized to reflect the microscale temperature in real-time. The bacteria were successfully inactivated during the photothermal effect under solar irradiation with temperature monitoring. This study could provide valuable insight for the development of smart photothermal devices for solar-driven photothermal bacterial inactivation in the future.