A novel cryptosystem based on grey system theory and genetic algorithm

In this paper, we first attempt to introduce the biological concepts of genetic factor and genetic variation into the study of a Kaleidoscope–Queer (in brief, K–Q) cryptosystem. The novel K–Q cryptosystem including the genetic factor, (GM, X, λ(x)), can be applied to ensure the security of an information system. The main contributions include the K–Q cryptosystem concept with genetic factor, the existence theorem of -era K–Q cryptosystem with genetic factor, the limited embedded theorem of K–Q cryptosystem with genetic factor, and the genetic variability theorem of K–Q cryptosystem.     

Graph theoretical duality perspective on conjugate structures and its applications

The paper shows that representing structures, beams and frames by mathematical models based on graph theory enables to provide new perspective on known conjugate structure theorems in mechanics. It is shown that the latter theorems can be derived from the graph theoretical duality principle applied upon the graph representations of the structures. The results reported indicate upon theoretical value of the approach, as the established mathematical foundation can be employed in a variety of mechanical disciplines.     

Totally ordered sets and the prime spectra of rings

Let T be a totally ordered set and let D(T) denotes the set of all cuts of T. We prove the existence of a discrete valuation domain O_v such that T is order isomorphic to two special subsets of Spec(O_v). We prove that if A is a ring (not necessarily commutative), whose prime spectrum is totally ordered and satisfies (K2), then there exists a totally ordered set U?Spec(A) such that the prime spectrum of A is order isomorphic to D(U). We also present equivalent conditions for a totally ordered set to be a Dedekind totally ordered set. At the end, we present an algebraic geometry point of view.     

Ge掺杂n型Sn基VIII型单晶笼合物的制备及热电传输特性

采用Sn自熔剂法制备了具有n型传导的VIII型Ba8Ga16 xGexSn30(0 x 1.0)单晶笼合物,并对其结构和热电特性进行研究.研究结果表明:Ge在单晶中的实际含量较少,随着掺杂量的增加样品的晶格常数略有减小,Ge掺杂后样品的载流子浓度较掺杂前低,迁移率增加;所有样品的Seebeck系数均为负值,且绝对值较未掺杂样品低,但Ge掺杂后样品的电导率提高了62%;x=0.5的样品在500 K附近取得最大ZT值1.25.     

Thermal and base-catalyzed rearrangements of diacyl carbinols

Diacyl carbinols undergo facile thermal and base-catalyzed rearrangements to -ketol esters.     

On Shelah’s compactness of cardinals

We deal with the compactness property of cardinals presented by Shelah, who proved a compactness theorem for singular cardinals. We improve that result in eliminating axiom I there and show a new application of that theorem together with a straightforward proof of it for the special case discussed. We discuss compactness for regular cardinals and show some independence results: one of them, a part of which is due to A. Litman, is the independence from ZFC+GCH of the gap-one two cardinal problem for singular cardinals. This paper is based on the author’s M.Sc. thesis written at The Hebrew University under the supervision of Prof. Shelah, to whom he expresses his deep gratitude. An erratum to this article is available at .     

Two-Level-Split Decomposition of Anisotropic Besov Spaces

Anisotropic Besov spaces (B-spaces) are developed based on anisotropic multilevel ellipsoid covers (dilations) of ℝ ⁿ . This extends earlier results on anisotropic Besov spaces. Furthermore, sequences of anisotropic bases are constructed and utilized for two-level-split decompositions of the B-spaces and nonlinear m-term approximation.     

Laser desorption fast gas chromatography–Mass spectrometry in supersonic molecular beams

A novel method for fast analysis is presented. It is based on laser desorption injection followed by fast gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in supersonic molecular beams. The sample was placed in an open air or purged laser desorption compartment, held at atmospheric pressure and near room temperature conditions. Desorption was performed with a XeCl Excimer pulsed laser with pulse energy of typically 3 mJ on the surface. About 20 pulses at 50 Hz were applied for sample injection, resulting in about 0.4 s injection time and one or a few micrograms sample vapor or small particles. The laser desorbed sample was further thermally vaporized at a heated frit glass filter located at the fast GC inlet. Ultrafast GC separation and quantification was achieved with a 50-cm-long megabore column operated with a high carrier gas flow rate of up to 240 mL/min. The high carrier gas flow rate provided effective and efficient entrainment of the laser desorbed species in the sweeping gas. Following the fast GC separation, the sample was analyzed by mass spectrometry in supersonic molecular beams. Both electron ionization and hyperthermal surface ionization were employed for enhanced selectivity and sensitivity. Typical laser desorption analysis time was under 10 s. The laser desorption fast GC-MS was studied and demonstrated with the following sample/matrices combinations, all without sample preparation or extraction: (a) traces of dioctylphthalate plasticizer oil on stainless steel surface and the efficiency of its cleaning; (b) the detection of methylparathion and aldicarb pesticides on orange leaves; (c) water surface analysis for the presence of methylparathion pesticide; (d) caffeine analysis in regular and decaffeinated coffee powder; (e) paracetamol and codeine drug analysis in pain relieving drug tablets; (f) caffeine trace analysis in raw urine; (g) blood analysis for the presence of 1 ppm lidocaine drug. The features and advantages of the laser desorption fast GC-MS are demonstrated and discussed.