Blood flow of Jeffrey fluid in a catherized tapered artery with the suspension of nanoparticles

Current letter deals with the mathematical models of Jeffrey fluid via nanoparticles in the tapered stenosed atherosclerotic arteries. The convection effects of heat transfer with catheter are also taken into account. The nonlinear coupled equations of nanofluid model are simplified under mild stenosis. The solutions for concentration and temperature are found by using homotopy perturbation method, whereas for velocity profile the exact solution is calculated. Moreover, the expressions for flow impedance and pressure rise are computed and discussed through graphs for different physical quantities of interest. The streamlines have also been presented to discuss the trapping bolus discipline.     

String Theory and the Velo–Zwanziger problem

We examine the behavior of the leading Regge trajectory of the open bosonic string in a uniform electromagnetic background and present a consistent set of Fierz–Pauli conditions for these symmetric tensors that generalizes the Argyres–Nappi spin-2 result. These equations indicate that String Theory does bypass the Velo–Zwanziger problem, i.e. the loss of causality experienced by a massive high-spin field minimally coupled to electromagnetism. Moreover, we provide some evidence that only the first Regge trajectory can be described in isolation and show that the open-string spectrum is free of ghosts in weak constant backgrounds. Finally, we comment on the roles of the critical dimension and of the gyromagnetic ratio.     

Gabedit—A graphical user interface for computational chemistry softwares

Gabedit is a freeware graphical user interface, offering preprocessing and postprocessing adapted (to date) to nine computational chemistry software packages. It includes tools for editing, displaying, analyzing, converting, and animating molecular systems. A conformational search tool is implemented using a molecular mechanics or a semiempirical potential. Input files can be generated for the computational chemistry software supported by Gabedit. Some molecular properties of interest are processed directly from the output of the computational chemistry programs; others are calculated by Gabedit before display. Molecular orbitals, electron density, electrostatic potential, nuclear magnetic resonance shielding density, and any other volumetric data properties can be displayed. It can display electronic circular dichroism, UV–visible, infrared, and Raman‐computed spectra after a convolution. Gabedit can generate a Povray file for geometry, surfaces, contours, and color‐coded planes. Output can be exported to a selection of popular image and vector graphics file formats; the program can also generate a series of pictures for animation. Quantum mechanical electrostatic potentials can be calculated using the partial charges on atoms, or by solving the Poisson equation using the multigrid method. The atoms in molecule charges can also be calculated. Gabedit is platform independent. The code is distributed under free open source X11 style license and is available at http://gabedit.sourceforge.net/ . © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010     

Measurement of isomeric yield ratios for the 44m,gSc isomeric pairs produced from 45Sc and natTi targets at 50-, 60-, and 70-MeV bremsstrahlung

We measured the isomeric yield ratios for the ^44m,gSc isomeric pairs produced from different reaction channels ⁴⁵Sc(??,n)^44m,gSc and ^natTi(??,xnp)^44m,gSc by using the activation method and ??-ray spectroscopic methods at 50-, 60-, and 70-MeV bremsstrahlung energies. The high-purity natural Sc and Ti foils in disc shape were irradiated with uncollimated bremsstrahlung beams generated from an electron linear accelerator at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory. The induced activities in the irradiated foils were measured by the high-resolution ??-ray spectrometric system which consists of a high-purity Germanium detector and a multichannel analyzer. In order to improve the accuracy of the experimental results the necessary corrections were made in the ??-ray activity measurements and data analysis. The measured isomeric yield ratios for the ⁴⁵Sc(??,n)^44m,gSc reaction are 0.20 ± 0.02, 0.21 ± 0.02, and 0.21 ± 0.02 and those for the ^natTi(??,xnp)^44m,gSc reaction are 0.063 ± 0.012, 0.079 ± 0.014, and 0.124 ± 0.022 at 50-, 60-, and 70-MeV bremsstrahlung energies, respectively. The obtained results are compared with the corresponding values found in the literature. We observed that the isomeric yield ratios for the ⁴⁵Sc(??,n)^44m,gSc reaction increase rapidly with the increasing bremsstrahlung energies from the reaction threshold up to giant resonance region, and then those are almost constant in the energy range from about 30 to 2.5 GeV. The isomeric yield ratios for the ^natTi(??,xnp)^44m,gSc reaction increase with increasing bremsstrahlung energies in a wide range of bremsstrahlung energies from 50 to 2.5 GeV.     

Toward the growth of an aligned single-layer MoS2 film

Molybdenum disulfide (molybdenite) monolayer islands and flakes have been grown on a copper surface at comparatively low temperature and mild conditions through sulfur loading of the substrate using thiophenol (benzenethiol) followed by the evaporation of Mo atoms and annealing. The MoS(2) islands show a regular Moire? pattern in scanning tunneling microscopy, attesting to their atomic ordering and high quality. They are all aligned with the substrate high-symmetry directions providing for rotational-domain-free monolayer growth.     

Special susceptive aqueous ammonia chemi-sensor: extended applications of novel UV-curable polyurethane-clay nanohybrid

In this contribution, chemical sensor for the detection of aqueous ammonia has been fabricated using UV-curable polyurethane acrylate (PU) and nanohybrids (NH-1, NH-3 and NH-5). PU has been prepared by reacting polycaprolactone triol (PCLT) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) while the nanohybrids, NH-1, NH-3, and NH-5 have been synthesized by solution blending method using PU with 1, 3, and 5 wt% loading levels of C-20B. PU and their nanohybrids showed higher sensitivity investigated by I-V technique using aqueous ammonia as a target chemical. All the nanohybrids showed higher sensitivity as compared to neat PU. The sensitivity increased with increase in clay content and the nanohybrid containing 5 wt% of clay showed the highest sensitivity (8.5254 μA cm⁻² mM⁻¹) with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0175 ± 0.001 μM, being 7.8 times higher than pure PU. The calibration plot for all the sensors was linear over the large range of 0.05 μM to 0.05 M. The response time of the fabricated sensor was <10.0 s. Therefore, one can fabricate efficient aqueous ammonia sensor by utilization of nanohybrid as an efficient electron mediator.     

The Dynamics of Br Formation from the Primary and Secondary C–Br Bond Dissociation of Oxalyl Bromide near 265 and 234 nm

Journal of Applied Spectroscopy - The photodissociation dynamics of oxalyl bromide is investigated near 265 and 234 nm using the velocity map ion imaging technique coupled with a state selective...     

Transient Behavior in Variable Geometry Industrial Gas Turbines: A Comprehensive Overview of Pertinent Modeling Techniques

Generally, industrial gas turbines (IGT) face transient behavior during start-up, load change, shutdown and variations in ambient conditions. These transient conditions shift engine thermal equilibrium from one steady state to another steady state. In turn, various aero-thermal and mechanical stresses are developed that are adverse for engine’s reliability, availability, and overall health. The transient behavior needs to be accurately predicted since it is highly related to low cycle fatigue and early failures, especially in the hot regions of the gas turbine. In the present paper, several critical aspects related to transient behavior and its modeling are reviewed and studied from the point of view of identifying potential research gaps within the context of fault detection and diagnostics (FDD) under dynamic conditions. Among the considered topics are, (i) general transient regimes and pertinent model formulation techniques, (ii) control mechanism for part-load operation, (iii) developing a database of variable geometry inlet guide vanes (VIGVs) and variable bleed valves (VBVs) schedules along with selection framework, and (iv) data compilation of shaft’s polar moment of inertia for different types of engine’s configurations. This comprehensive literature document, considering all the aspects of transient behavior and its associated modeling techniques will serve as an anchor point for the future researchers, gas turbine operators and design engineers for effective prognostics, FDD and predictive condition monitoring for variable geometry IGT.     

An Evaluation of Antimicrobial,Anticancer, Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Leaf Extract of Madhuca longifolia Utilizing Quantitative and Qualitative Methods

In the current decade, nanoparticles are synthesized using solvents that are environmentally friendly. A number of nanoparticles have been synthesized at room temperature using water as a solvent, such as gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles. As part of nanotechnology, nanoparticles are synthesized through biological processes. Biological methods are the preferred method for the synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a result of their simple and non-hazardous nature. Nanoparticles of silver are used in a variety of applications, including catalysts, spectrally selective coatings for solar absorption, optical objectives, pharmaceutical constituents, and chemical and biological sensing. Antimicrobial agents are among the top uses of silver nanoparticles. In the current study, silver nanoparticles were biologically manufactured through Madhuca longifolia, and their antibacterial activity against pathogenic microorganisms, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities were assessed. UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD (X-ray diffraction), transmission electron microscopy, Zeta Potential, and FTIR were used to characterize silver nanoparticles. The current work describes a cheap and environmentally friendly method to synthesize silver nanoparticles from silver nitrate solution by using plant crude extract as a reducing agent.     

Progress and Perspectives on Promising Covalent-Organic Frameworks (COFs) Materials for Energy Storage Capacity

In recent years, a new class of highly crystalline advanced permeable materials covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) have garnered a great deal of attention thanks to their remarkable properties, such as their large surface area, highly ordered pores and channels, and controllable crystalline structures. The lower physical stability and electrical conductivity, however, prevent them from being widely used in applications like photocatalytic activities and innovative energy storage and conversion devices. For this reason, many studies have focused on finding ways to improve upon these interesting materials while also minimizing their drawbacks. This review article begins with a brief introduction to the history and major milestones of COFs development before moving on to a comprehensive exploration of the various synthesis methods and recent successes and signposts of their potential applications in carbon dioxide (CO₂) sequestration, supercapacitors (SCs), lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), and hydrogen production (H₂-energy). In conclusion, the difficulties and potential of future developing with highly efficient COFs ideas for photocatalytic as well as electrochemical energy storage applications are highlighted.