Preparation of 9-phenylethynyl-4-azafluoren-9-ol and 9-phenacylidene-4-azafluorene and their conversion to spiro compounds

9-Phenylethynyl-4-azafluoren-9-ol, which was obtained from 4-azafluorenone and phenylethynylmagnesium iodide, was used in syntheses of isomeric 9-phenacylidene-4-azafluorenes and spiro compounds with indene, indan, and pyrazoline fragments. It is assumed that the conversion of 9-phenacylidene derivatives to spiro compounds takes place via intramolecular substitution.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 510–513, April, 1984.     

Synthesis and reactions of 9-hydroxy-(α-alkoxycarbonylalkyl)-4-azafluorenes

The Reformatsky reaction with 4-azafluorenone has given 9-hydroxy-9-(-alkoxycarbonylalkyl)-4-azafluorenes. The course of this reaction with respect to the -haloester used, and the conversion of these hydroxyesters into hydroxy- and ,-unsaturated acids have been examined.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 81–85, January, 1991.     

A convenient and efficient method for incorporation of pentafluorosulfanyl (SF5) substituents into aliphatic compounds

Both SF₅Cl and SF₅Br undergo smooth, high yield addition to alkenes and alkynes under the mild free radical chain reaction conditions of triethylborane initiation at low temperature, although the SF₅Br chemistry is somewhat limited by its competing high electrophilic reactivity with electron rich alkenes. The SF₅Cl addition reaction is relatively insensitive to a wide variety of non-allylic functionalities.     

Regularities of the Two-Layer Adsorption of Anionic Surfactant and Cationic Polyelectrolyte on the Fused Quartz Surface

The adsorption of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the quartz capillary surface that was preliminarily covered with a layer of cationic polyelectrolyte (CPE) is studied. The charge sign change of the modified quartz surface and subsequent increase of negative surface charge observed upon the adsorption of SDS indicate the formation of the second adsorption layer composed of surfactant molecules. It is shown that the surfactant layer is stronger attached to the surface at a higher charge of the CPE adsorption layer. Upon the formation of the surfactant layer on a looser CPE adsorption layer, the desorption of SDS molecules decreases, which can be associated with the partial penetration of these molecules into the CPE layer.__________Translated from Kolloidnyi Zhurnal, Vol. 67, No. 4, 2005, pp. 573–574.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Sergeeva, Ermakova, Anuchkina, Sobolev, Churaev.     

Gas-chromatographic determination of trace sarin and soman in atmospheric air of work zones and inhabited areas

A procedure was developed for the gas-chromatographic determination of sarin and soman in the atmospheric air of work zones and inhabited areas at a level of the maximum permissible concentration 2 × 10^?5 and 1 × 10^?5 mg/m³ and the tentative safe exposure level 2 × 10^?7 and 1 × 10^?7 mg/m³, respectively. The procedure is based on the recovery of sarin and soman from analyzed air using an absorbing solution, the extraction of sarin and soman from this solution with ethyl acetate and hexane, respectively, the evaporation of the corresponding extracts to a residual volume of 0.1 cm³, and their subsequent chromatography with flame-photometric and thermoionic detectors. The relative error in the determination of sarin and soman is 20 and 18 rel %, respectively, in the air of work zones and 27 and 23 rel %, respectively, in the air of inhabited areas.     

Synthesis and structure of 1-benzoyl-2,5-dimethyl- and 1,2,5-trimethyl-4-arylpiperideins

Isomeric 1-benzoyl-2,5-dimethyl-³-piperidein and 1-benzoyl-2,5-dimethyl-⁴-piperidein were prepared from disubstituted -piperidols and were hydroxylated with osmium tetroxide. The isomeric 1,2,5-trimethyl-4-(p-nitrophenyl)-³- and-⁴-piperideins were obtained from trisubstituted -piperidols.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 9, pp. 1200–1206, September, 1986.In conclusion, the authors would like to thank Yu. T. Struchkov and N. I. Lebedev for carrying out the x-ray structural study.     

Oxidation of Magnesium with Benzoyl Chloride in a Mixture of Tetrahydrofuran and Benzene

The kinetic features of magnesium oxidation with benzoyl chloride in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran and benzene were studied. A reaction mechanism was suggested, involving attack of the oxidant molecule adsorbed on the metal surface by a similar molecule from the bulk of the solution.     

Reaction of 2,7-dialkyl- and 1,2.7-trialkyldecahydro-4-quinolones with triethylaluminum

The reaction of triethylaluminum with stereoisomeric 2,7-dimethyl- and 1,2,7-trimethyldecahydro-4-quinolones and their 7-tert-butyl-substituted analogs was studied. The reaction of triethylaluminum with ketones that have an equatorial 2-CH₃ group proceeds in two directions — reduction of the carbonyl group to an alcohol group and alkylation to give tertiary 4-ethyl-substituted alcohols — in benzene. depending on the reagent ratio. The stereochemistry of the reduction of the carbonyl group depends on the temperature. Only an alkylation product is formed in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and diethyl ether. The reaction of triethylaluminum with ketones that have an axial 2-CH₃ group depends on the nature of the solvent. Epimeric secondary alcohols are formed in toluene at various ratios of the reacting substances, whereas tertiary ethyl-substituted alcohols are formed in THF and diethyl ether.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 946–952, July, 1976.     

Gas-chromatographic determination of trace amino alcohols in water, air, and bitumen-salt masses forming in the detoxication of chemical warfare agents

A procedure was proposed for the determination of trace amino alcohols in various media using hydrochloric acid and acetic anhydride as gas-chromatographic derivatizing reagents. The developed procedures provide the determination of amino alcohols in water and air at a level of their maximum permissible concentrations (0.5 mg/L and 0.5 mg/m³, respectively) and in a bitumen-salt mass in a concentration of 5 x 10^-4%.     

Polyaniline-coated microtiter plates for use in longwave optical bioassays

A technique for coating the wells of microtiterplates with polyaniline layers and with polyaniline/enzyme layers is presented. The resulting wells are shown to be useful for assaying enzyme substrates (as exemplified for glucose via pH) and hydrogen peroxide (via the redox properties of the film). Analyte detection is based on monitoring the absorption spectra of the polyaniline, which turn purple as a result of redox processes, or green on formation of acids by enzymatic reactions. Hydrogen peroxide (a species produced by all oxidases) and glucose (which yields protons on enzymatic oxidation) have been determined in the millimolar to micromolar concentration range. High sensitivity, film stability and good reproducibility of the measurements make the system an attractive alternative to existing biosensing schemes.