高温铝等离子体X光发射谱实验

 在神光-Ⅱ高功率激光装置上,以束匀滑的第九路钕玻璃二倍频激光均匀辐照薄层铝埋点靶,通过激光烧蚀作用产生较均匀的铝高温等离子体,用平面晶体谱仪在靶面前向和切向同时测量了X光发射谱信号,并将前向发射谱进行了定量化还原处理。利用辐射流体力学程序MULTI-1D首先对等离子体状态进行了模拟计算,然后采用基于碰撞辐射模型的光谱程序对该状态下的光谱开展了计算,并将实验测量光谱与理论计算光谱进行了比较和分析,符合得较好。     

Layered lithium-rich oxide nanoparticles: low-temperature synthesis in mixed molten salt and excellent performance as cathode of lithium-ion battery

Layered lithium-rich oxide, 0.5Li₂MnO₃·0.5LiMn_1/3Ni_1/3Co_1/3O₂, is synthesized in a mixed molten salt of KCl and LiCl under 750 °C. Its morphology and structure are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherm, and its performances as cathode of lithium-ion battery are investigated by charge–discharge test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, with a comparison of the samples synthesized via solid-state reaction. It is found that the resulting product consists of uniform nanoparticles, 50 nm in average, which possesses a well crystallite layered structure although its synthesis temperature is low and thus exhibits excellent cyclic stability and rate capability. The resulting product delivers an initial discharge capacity of 268 mAh g^?1 at 0.1 C and has a capacity retention of 82% after 100 cycles at 1 C, compared to the 243 mAh g^?1 and 73% for the sample synthesized by solid-state reaction under 900 °C.     

掺杂含量对环氧纳米复合电介质陷阱与空间电荷的影响

环氧纳米复合电介质具有抑制空间电荷积聚、高电阻率、高击穿强度等优异性能,对直流电力设备的发展具有重要的作用.但纳米粒子含量对纳米复合电介质陷阱、电导率和空间电荷的影响机理尚不清楚.本文在纳米复合电介质交互区结构模型的基础上提出了计算交互区浅陷阱和深陷阱密度的方法,得到了浅陷阱和深陷阱密度随纳米粒子含量的变化关系.随着纳米粒子含量的增加,浅陷阱密度逐渐增大,深陷阱先增加然后由于交互区重叠的影响而逐渐减少.研究了纳米粒子含量对浅陷阱控制载流子迁移率的影响,发现随着纳米粒子的增多,浅陷阱大幅增多,浅陷阱之间的平均间距迅速减小,导致载流子更容易在浅陷阱间跳跃迁移,浅陷阱控制载流子迁移率增大.建立了纳米复合电介质的电荷输运模型,采用电荷输运模型计算研究了环氧/二氧化钛纳米复合电介质的空间电荷分布、电场分布和电导率特性.发现在纳米粒子添加量较小时,交互区的深陷阱对电导的影响起主导作用;纳米粒子添加量进一步增加,浅陷阱对电导的影响将起到主要作用.     

基于Jiles-Atherton理论的铁磁材料塑性变形磁化模型修正

Jiles-Atherton(J-A)模型在磁化建模领域应用广泛,但不同文献给出的J-A模型并不一致,致使采用不同表达式建立的塑性变形磁化模型存在多种版本,其正确性难以甄别.通过对无磁滞磁化方程、能量守恒方程和等效磁场强度方程的梳理与比较,发现原有模型中存在将磁化强度和无磁滞磁化强度混用、将不可逆磁化能量等效于全部的磁化能量、等效磁场强度中应力磁化项界定不清等问题.在此基础上,对上述方程进行了修正,推导了基于J-A模型的塑性变形磁化修正模型.将修正模型计算结果与原模型计算结果、相关文献中的试验结果进行对比,结果表明:与原有计算模型相比,修正模型计算结果的饱和磁化强度和剩余磁化强度随塑性变形增加而减小,矫顽力随塑性变形增大而增大,达到饱和磁化强度时的外磁场强度随塑性变形增大而增大的趋势有所减弱,更符合试验结果,可更准确地反映塑性变形对材料磁化的影响.     

Steady Ricci solitons with horizontally ε-pinched Ricci curvature

In this paper,we prove that any κ-noncollapsed gradient steady Ricci soliton with nonnegative curvature operator and horizontally κ-pinched Ricci curvature must be rotationally symmetric.As an application,we show that any κ-noncollapsed gradient steady Ricci soliton(Mn,g,f) with nonnegative curvature operator must be rotationally symmetric if it admits a unique equilibrium point and its scalar curvature R(x) satisfies lim_(ρ(x)→∞) R(x)f(x)=C_0 sup_(x∈M) R(x) with C_0n-2/2.     

A phenomenology analysis of the tachyon warm inflation in loop quantum cosmology

We investigate the warm inflation condition in loop quantum cosmology. In our consideration, the system is described by a tachyon field interacted with radiation. The exponential potential function, V(?)=V₀e−α?$V(?)=V_0{e}^{-\alpha ?}$, with the same order parameters V₀$V_0$ and α, is taken as an example of this tachyon warm inflation model. We find that, for the strong dissipative regime, the total number of e-folds is less than the one in the classical scenario, and for the weak dissipative regime, the beginning time of the warm inflation will be later than the tachyon (cool) inflation.     

Arrays of Ru nanoclusters with narrow size distribution templated by monolayer graphene on Ru

Ru nanoclusters self-assemble over macroscopic sample areas during vapor deposition of Ru on monolayer graphene (MLG) on Ru(0001). The Ru nanoclusters form arrays with a mean lateral cluster diameter of ~ 20 Å, cluster heights of 1 or 2 ML, and a size distribution that remains nearly constant with increasing coverage. Combined scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory (DFT) show that the clusters are templated by the MLG/Ru(0001) moiré unit cell and identify the preferred binding site of the clusters as the low fcc region of the moiré. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM contrast simulations experimentally demonstrate that the interaction of the Ru clusters with the underlying MLG/Ru(0001) leads to a local lifting of the graphene layer of the template. DFT calculations confirm this mechanism of interaction of the Ru clusters with the strongly coupled MLG/Ru(0001). Weakening of the graphene-support coupling via oxygen intercalation is shown to have a major effect on the assembly of Ru nanocluster arrays. With a preferred binding site lacking on decoupled graphene, the Ru nanoclusters grow significantly larger, and clusters with 1 to 4 ML height can coexist.     

Raman polarization analysis of highly crystalline polyethylene fiber

The complex orientation dependence in space of Raman active vibrations in the orthorhombic structure of polyethylene (PE) is discussed in terms of Raman tensor elements as intrinsic physical parameters of the lattice. Building upon the symmetry assignment of these vibrational modes, we systematically studied, from both theoretical and experimental viewpoints, the changes of polarized intensity for the A_g and the B_2g + B_3g vibrational modes with respect to PE molecular orientation. After explicitly expanding the Raman selection rules associated with the A_g and the B_2g + B_3g modes, introducing them into general expressions of the orientation distribution function, and validating them by means of a least‐square fitting procedure on experimental data, we compare here two mesostructural models for a highly crystallized and self‐aligned PE fiber structure. Stereological arguments are shown concerning the arrangement of orthorhombic fibrils in such a sample that unfold the correct values of five independent Raman tensor elements for orthorhombic PE. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

YBa2Cu3O7-δ/La0.6Pb0.4MnO3多层膜的制备及激光感生热电电压效应的研究

采用脉冲激光沉积法在倾斜LaAlO3(100)衬底上制备了(YBa2Cu3O7-δ/La0.6Pb0.4MnO)L(L为多层膜周期数)外延多层膜.X射线衍射谱显示(YBCO/LPMO)L多层膜沿c轴生长.观察到多层膜中有很大的激光感生热电电压(LITV)出现,与YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO)和La0.6Pb0.4MnO3(LPMO)单层膜相比,多层膜的LITV信号有约一个数量级的增强.讨论了影响(YBCO/LPMO)L多层膜的LITV效应的因素.     

La1/3Sr2/3Fe1-xCoxO3体系中的Co替代效应研究

本文通过对La1/3Sr2/3Fe1-xCoxO3系列样品进行X射线衍射(XRD)和变温电阻率(p～T)、比热(C～T)、磁化率(M～T)等测试,研究了Co掺杂对该系列样品的晶体结构和电热磁性质的影响.结果表明,随着Co掺杂量的增加,晶胞体积单调减小;电阻中电荷有序(charge ordering,CO)的特征逐渐消失.Co含量低的样品随着温度降低发生顺磁-反铁磁(PM-AFM)转变和金属-绝缘体(M-I)转变;Co含量高的样品则在磁转变温度以下表现出团簇玻璃型短程铁磁有序行为,并且在整个测量温区内具有金属导电特性.这些证明Co掺杂引起电子的局域化效应是导致体系电磁和输运行为发生变化的主要原因.