An efficient synthesis of N-substituted indoles from indoline/indoline carboxylic acid via aromatization followed by C–N cross-coupling reaction by using nano copper oxide as a recyclable catalyst

A new and elegant protocol for the synthesis of 1-substituted indoles was developed via aromatization of indoline/indoline carboxylic acid followed by C–N cross-coupling with various aryl halides in the presence of nano CuO as a recyclable catalyst, Cs₂CO₃ as a base in DMSO at 80 °C. 1-Substituted indoles were obtained in good to excellent yields and the catalytic system can be recycled up to four cycles without loss of catalytic activity.     

Simple and Efficient Process for the Large-Scale Preparation of Agomelatine: An Antidepressant Drug

A simple and efficient process for the large-scale preparation of agomelatine (1), an antidepressant drug is, described. Agomelatine was prepared in a linear manner starting from readily available, inexpensive 2-naphthol. Key steps in the synthesis are Friedel–Crafts acylation of 2-naphthyl acetate with chloroacetyl chloride, reduction of keto intermediate, and nucleophilic displacement of chloro intermediate with sodium diformylamide. A systemic approach was described to streamline the process into a robust scalable process by controlling the impurities.     

Fractional Boundary Value Problems with Integral Boundary Conditions via Topological Degree Method

This paper examines the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the fractional boundary value problems with integral boundary conditions. Banach’s contraction mapping principle and Schaefer’s fixed point theorem have been used besides topological technique of approximate solutions. An example is propounded to uphold our results.