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111.
Charles M. MarsonJane McGregor Timothy WalsgroveTrevor J. Grinter Harry Adams 《Tetrahedron letters》2003,44(1):141-143
Treatment of an unsaturated 2,3-epoxy alcohol with SnBr4 leads to a stereoselective formation of a cyclopropane ring, and an α-ketol unit as part of a subsequent ring expansion. 相似文献
112.
Amperometric method for determining the degree of complexation of polyelectrolytes with cationic surfactants 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hakkarainen S Gilbert SL Kontturi AK Kontturi K 《Journal of colloid and interface science》2004,272(2):404-410
The complexation of sodium polystyrene sulfonate with monovalent cationic surfactants at a microsized liquid/liquid interface has been studied using electrochemistry. The method is based on measurement of surfactant ion transfer across the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES). The complexation of various cationic surfactants (alkylpyridinium- and trimethylammonium-) with oligosized polystyrene sulfonate was measured. Binding isotherms were used to determine the degree of binding as a function of the surfactant chain length and type of head group. It was found that the hydrophobicity of the surfactant was the predominant factor. The effect of the polyelectrolyte chain length on the binding mechanism was studied using cetylpyridinium chloride as a complexing agent. It was found that binding affinity, as well as cooperativity of the binding process, decreases with decreasing polyelectrolyte chain length. Thermodynamics of surfactant binding was measured using titration microcalorimetry. The thermodynamic data obtained show that the enthalpy of surfactant binding is not dependent on polymer chain length, but an increase in chain length makes the binding process entropically more favorable. 相似文献
113.
Holliday JD Rodgers SL Willett P Chen MY Mahfouf M Lawson K Mullier G 《Journal of chemical information and computer sciences》2004,44(3):894-902
This paper evaluates the use of the fuzzy k-means clustering method for the clustering of files of 2D chemical structures. Simulated property prediction experiments with the Starlist file of logP values demonstrate that use of the fuzzy k-means method can, in some cases, yield results that are superior to those obtained with the conventional k-means method and with Ward's clustering method. Clustering of several small sets of agrochemical compounds demonstrate the ability of the fuzzy k-means method to highlight multicluster membership and to identify outlier compounds, although the former can be difficult to interpret in some cases. 相似文献
114.
Functionalized branched aziridines can be prepared in high yields and with high levels of regioselectivity using unprotected aziridines as nitrogen sources in palladium-catalyzed allylic amination. High levels of enantioselectivity can be achieved with BINAP on palladium. This methodology allows for strategic placement of an aziridine-containing fragment within a complex molecule environment for further elaboration. 相似文献
115.
Stefan TsakovskiKarima Benkhedda Elisaveta IvanovaFreddy C Adams 《Analytica chimica acta》2002,453(1):143-154
8-Hydroxyquinoline (HQ), 2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline (CH3-HQ), 5,7-dichloro-2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline (Cl2-CH3-HQ), 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinoline (Br2-HQ), 5-sulfo-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline (ferron) and 5-sulfo-8-hydroxyquinoline (SO3H-HQ) were compared as chelating reagents for on-line sorption preconcentration of cobalt in a knotted reactor (KR) precoated with the reagent. The results obtained with the different HQ derivatives reveal those properties of the chelating reagent responsible for the processes taking place in the KR. The influence of hydrophobicity, acidity, stability of the cobalt chelate and type of substituents in the HQ ring system on the separate steps of the flow injection (FI) preconcentration procedure are discussed. According to the performance characteristics of the different HQ derivatives, the most important parameters for on-line preconcentration in a KR are the hydrophobicity of the reagent and the stability of the chelate complex with the analyte. 相似文献
116.
John M. Adams Keith Martin Richard W. McCabe 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》1987,5(6):663-674
Suitably modified smectite clays can be very selective catalysts for a wide range of organic reactions. While it has long been known that such materials can act as Bronsted and Lewis acids, it has been shown recently that they are also effective Diels-Alder catalysts. A selection of illustrative reactions is given which emphasises their wide range of use, their selectivity, and the ease of work-up after reaction. In each case, mechanistic information is presented, e.g., on the site of reaction (whether interlayer or surface), rate determining steps, etc. The regiochemical consequences of the restricted reaction space are stressed.Based on material presented at the Fourth International Symposium on Inclusion Phenomena and the Third International Symposium on Cyclodextrins, Lancaster, U.K., 20–25 July 1986. 相似文献
117.
A non-destructive analytical method for oxygen in silicon by both helium-3 and α-particle activation analysis was applied to different samples, containing 0.05–10 p.p.m. of oxygen. The accuracy and precision of the method were studied. For concentrations above 1 p.p.m., the average coefficient of variation is about 6% for α-activation and 13% for helium-3 activation. For concentrations of about 60 p.p.b., the corresponding figure is about 20%. The results of both methods, which agree within 8%, are compared to infrared analysis. The determination limit of the method is 4 p.p.b. for helium-3 activation and 22 p.p.b. for α-activation. 相似文献
118.
The first isolation of a phosphonium amide, (Ph3PEt)+(NPh2)−, obtained via the deprotonation of a secondary amine (diphenylamine) with a phosphorus ylide (triphenylphosphonium ethylide), is described. An X-ray crystal structure provides the first observation of an essentially ion-separated Ph2N− anion in the solid state, though weak association with Ph3PEt+ cations take plac through C---H…N hydrogen bonding. Cryoscopic and NMR spectroscopic data suggest that this association is not maintained in benzene solution. 相似文献
119.
Reactor neutron activation analysis of antimony, indium and cadmium in high-purity tin is interfered with by nuclear reactions
on the tin matrix. For a number of interfering reactions the cross-sections were determined. The following results were obtained:122Sn(n,γ)123mSn:σth=0.145 barn, I=0.79 barn;122Sn(n,γ)113Sn:σth=0.52, I=25.4 barn;112Sn(n, 2n)111Sn:
microbarn;118Sn(n, α)115Cd:
microbarn; and114Sn(n, p)114m1In:
microbarn. 相似文献
120.
Qian-Feng Zhang Richard D. Adams Dieter Fenske 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》2005,53(3):275-279
The self-assemblies of two pyrogallol[4]arenes held together by 48 intermolecular hydrogen bonds stably associate in the form of spherical hexameric capsules. The molecular structures of two hexameric capsules with large interior space were analyzed by single crystal X-ray crystallography. 相似文献