全文获取类型
收费全文 | 85648篇 |
免费 | 1374篇 |
国内免费 | 1571篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 30200篇 |
晶体学 | 916篇 |
力学 | 7092篇 |
综合类 | 140篇 |
数学 | 32852篇 |
物理学 | 17393篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 116篇 |
2022年 | 242篇 |
2021年 | 233篇 |
2020年 | 291篇 |
2019年 | 282篇 |
2018年 | 10620篇 |
2017年 | 10420篇 |
2016年 | 6412篇 |
2015年 | 1205篇 |
2014年 | 734篇 |
2013年 | 886篇 |
2012年 | 4402篇 |
2011年 | 11151篇 |
2010年 | 6180篇 |
2009年 | 6511篇 |
2008年 | 7139篇 |
2007年 | 9297篇 |
2006年 | 739篇 |
2005年 | 1697篇 |
2004年 | 1902篇 |
2003年 | 2266篇 |
2002年 | 1328篇 |
2001年 | 494篇 |
2000年 | 472篇 |
1999年 | 300篇 |
1998年 | 309篇 |
1997年 | 242篇 |
1996年 | 283篇 |
1995年 | 174篇 |
1994年 | 133篇 |
1993年 | 154篇 |
1992年 | 101篇 |
1991年 | 99篇 |
1990年 | 89篇 |
1989年 | 86篇 |
1988年 | 75篇 |
1987年 | 76篇 |
1986年 | 76篇 |
1985年 | 70篇 |
1984年 | 54篇 |
1983年 | 56篇 |
1982年 | 56篇 |
1981年 | 49篇 |
1980年 | 61篇 |
1979年 | 48篇 |
1978年 | 42篇 |
1914年 | 45篇 |
1912年 | 42篇 |
1909年 | 41篇 |
1908年 | 40篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
AN WeiGuang ZHAO WeiTao & AN Hai Department of Aerospace Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin China College of Aeronautics Astronautics Shenyang Institute of Aeronautical Engineering Shenyang China 《中国科学G辑(英文版)》2007,50(3):357-369
Multi-failures are possible to appear in the process of using the structural system, such as dead load failure, fatigue failure and stiffness failure. The expression of residual resistance is given based on the impact of random crack propagation in- duced by the fatigue load on the critical limit stress and section modulus in this paper. The failure modes of every element of the structural system are analyzed under dead and fatigue loads, and the influence of the correlation of failure modes on reliability of the element is considered. Failure mechanism and the correlation of failure modes under dead and fatigue loads are discussed, and the method of reli- ability analysis considering static strength, fatigue and stiffness is given. A nu- merical example is analyzed, which indicates that the failure probability is different for different use life and the influence of dead and fatigue loads on reliability of the structural system is different as well. This method of reliability analysis, in the pa- per, is better than the method only considering a single factor (or static strength, or fatigue, or stiffness, etc.) in the case of practical engineering. 相似文献
992.
Rajat Kumar Singh Rajiv Srivastava Yatindra Nath Singh 《Optical and Quantum Electronics》2007,39(14):1153-1165
Optical packet switching provides high speed, data rate/format transparency, efficient use of bandwidth and flexibility. The
major problem in the implementation of “all-optical” switching is contention which occurs when two or more packets arrive
at the same time for the same destination. To resolve the contention, we have proposed an optical packet switch architecture
based on WDM loop buffer memory in the feedback configuration. In that architecture, the contending packets are stored in
a loop buffer module, and routed in the free time slots. The buffering duration in the recirculating loop is limited by a
circulation limit. The analysis was been done to obtain the maximum number of allowed circulations. This paper proposes improved
version of that optical packet switch architecture, to increase the number of maximum allowed circulations. The modification
is done either by adding an extra erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) in the original switch or by replacing the core space
switch with arrayed waveguide grating (AWG). The performance analysis has been done by the simulations. 相似文献
993.
994.
Martin expression about the quantum defect of single-valence atoms is extended to many-valence atoms by identifying the weakest bound electron (WBE) under the weakest bound electron potential model(WBEPM) theory. Six Rydberg series energy levels of 2p6np2P°1/2 (n ≥ 3), 2p6np2P°3/2 (n ≥ 3), 2p6nd2D3/2(n ≥ 3), 2p6nd2D5/2 (n ≥ 3), 2p6nf2F°5/2 (n≥4), and 2p6nf2F°7/2 (n ≥ 4) for Ni ⅩⅧ are calculated by this method. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results. 相似文献
995.
David Ruelle 《Communications in Mathematical Physics》2007,270(1):233-265
We analyze the dynamics of a simple but nontrivial classical Hamiltonian system of infinitely many coupled rotators. We assume
that this infinite system is driven out of thermal equilibrium either because energy is injected by an external force (Case
I), or because heat flows between two thermostats at different temperatures (Case II). We discuss several possible definitions
of the entropy production associated with a finite or infinite region, or with a partition of the system into a finite number
of pieces. We show that these definitions satisfy the expected bounds in terms of thermostat temperatures and energy flow. 相似文献
996.
We compute the asymptotics of a block Toeplitz determinant which arises in the classical dimer model for the triangular lattice when considering the monomer-monomer correlation function. The model depends on a parameter interpolating between the square lattice (t = 0) and the triangular lattice (t = 1), and we obtain the asymptotics for 0 < t ≤ 1. For 0 < t < 1 we apply the Szegö Limit Theorem for block Toeplitz determinants. The main difficulty is to evaluate the constant term in the asymptotics, which is generally given only in a rather abstract form. 相似文献
997.
Negative Refraction and Near-Field Imaging of an Elliptical-Rod Photonic Crystal Slab in the Second Band 下载免费PDF全文
Negative refraction and imaging properties of the electromagnetic wave through a two-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) slab, which consists of a square lattice of elliptical dielectric rods immersed in the air background, is studied by the plane-wave expansion method and the finite-difference time-domain method. A point source placed in the vicinity of the PC slab can form a good-quality image spot through the PC slab for the incident frequencies within the second photonic band. The calculated result also shows that negative refraction occurs in this kind of PC slab. 相似文献
998.
张文 李宁蒋玲 缪巍林镇辉 姚骑均史生才陈健 吴培亨S.I.Svechnikov Yu. B. Vachtomin S. V. Antipov B. M. voronov G. N. Gol'tsman 《中国物理快报》2007,24(6):1778-1781
A quasi-optical superconducting NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixer is measured in the frequency range of 0.5-2.5 THz for understanding of the frequency dependence of noise temperature of THz coherent detectors. It has been found that noise temperature increasing with frequency is mainly due to the coupling loss between the quasioptical planar antenna and the superconducting HEB bridge when taking account of non-uniform distribution of high-frequency current. With the coupling loss corrected, the superconducting HEB mixer demonstrates a noise temperature nearly independent of frequency. 相似文献
999.
Yoko Hirohara Yoshitaka OKawa Toshifumi Mihashi Tatsuo Yamaguchi Naoki Nakazawa Yasuko Tsuruga Hiroyuki Aoki Naoyuki Maeda Ichiro Uchida Takashi Fujikado 《Optical Review》2007,14(3):151-158
The purpose of this paper was to investigate the feasibility of a newly developed hyperspectral fundus imaging camera with
a liquid crystal tunable filter. The intensities of different wavelengths of light transmitted through an artery, vein, and
the area surrounding these vessels and reflected out were measured, and the differential spectral absorptions were analyzed.
Measurements were made from 16 normal eyes and from two artificial capillaries. The ratios of absorption (ROA) of arteries
to veins from 500 to 580 nm (range 1) and from 600 to 720 nm (range 2) were calculated. For all eyes, the ROArange1 was larger than ROArange2. The ROA obtained from the artificial capillary filled with blood saturated with oxygen or nitrogen was similar to that of
simulated data of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin extinction rate. Most ROAs of human eyes were lower than those of the simulated
data and the artificial capillaries. Oxygen saturation analysis by hyperspectral fundus imaging of retinal vessels were qualitatively
in agreement with thein vitro analysis or simulated values. However, further improvements are necessary to evaluate the oxygen saturation quantitatively
in the retinal blood vessels. 相似文献
1000.
Michal Demetrian 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》2007,46(3):652-663
The vacuum decay in a de Sitter universe is studied for the class of effective inflaton potentials that curvature at the top
is less than as well as greater than a critical value determined previously. By comparing the actions of the Hawking - Moss
instanton and the Coleman - de Luccia instanton(s) the mode of vacuum decay is determined in this critical situation. 相似文献