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71.
Bean A Gronberg J Kutschke R Menary S Morrison RJ Nelson H Richman J Tajima H Schmidt D Sperka D Witherell M Procario M Yang S Daoudi M Ford WT Johnson DR Lingel K Lohner M Rankin P Smith JG Alexander JP Bebek C Berkelman K Besson D Browder TE Cassel DG Coffman DM Drell PS Ehrlich R Galik RS Garcia-Sciveres M Geiser B Gittelman B Gray SW Hartill DL Heltsley BK Honscheid K Jones C Kandaswamy J Katayama N Kim PC Kreinick DL Ludwig GS Masui J Mevissen J Mistry NB Ng CR Nordberg E O'Grady C 《Physical review letters》1993,70(2):138-142
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Complete double photoelectron spectra are presented for 18 small molecules where the location of charges in the cations and dications is relatively clearly defined. The data demonstrate the importance of a coulombic repulsion contribution to the double ionisation energies. Examination of data for a wide range of molecules leads to a new empirical rule to calculate double ionisation energies from the molecules’ single ionisation energies and maximum dimensions. Where single and double ionisation energies are known the rule allows the deduction of plausible intercharge distances. 相似文献
75.
Giant unilamellar vesicles (diameter of a few tens of micrometers) are commonly produced by hydration of a dried lipidic film. After addition of the aqueous solution, two major protocols are used: (i) the gentle hydration method where the vesicles spontaneously form and (ii) the electroformation method where an ac electric field is applied. Electroformation is known to improve the rate of unilamellarity of the vesicles though it imposes more restricting conditions for the lipidic composition of the vesicles. Here we further characterize these methods by using fluorescence microscopy. It enables not only a sensitive detection of the defects but also an evaluation of the quantity of lipids in these defects. A classification of the defects is proposed and statistics of their relative importance in regard to both methods and lipid composition are presented: it shows for example that 80% of the vesicles obtained by electroformation from 98% 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine are devoid of significant defects against only 40% of the vesicles with the gentle hydration method. It is also shown that the presence of too many negatively charged lipids does not favor the formation of unilamellar vesicles with both methods. For the gentle hydration, we checked if the negatively charged lipids were inserted in the vesicles membrane in the same proportion as that of the lipid mixture from which they are formed. The constant incorporation of a negatively charged labeled lipid despite an increasing presence of negatively charged 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-l-serine] tends to confirm that the composition of vesicles is indeed close to that of the initial mixture. 相似文献
76.
The unique capabilities of a multiple wavelength spectrofluorometer based on an intensified diode array detector are used for diagnosis of matrix effects and for rapid sequential determination of two analytes. This system is used to investigate problems due to background fluorescence, blank reactions, and scattering for the determination of thiamine in cereal and urine samples by a fluorometric kinetic procedure. A novel determination of thiamine and riboflavin in vitamin pills is based on monitoring the native fluorescence of riboflavin over one wavelength region, and the rate of formation of fluorescent thiochrome from thiamine over another wavelength region, after a computer-controlled change in the pH of the reaction mixture. 相似文献
77.
Computer programs are described that allow facile analysis of data from a protein sequencer and amino acid analyzer. The sequencer program provides automated sequence interpretation while requiring minimal user interaction. The program serves as a powerful aid in deciphering mixture sequences and allows routine monitoring of sequencer performance. The computer program for amino acid analysis data provides the following calculations: mole percent, protein concentration and residues per mole with comparison between theoretical and calculated values. A plot of molecular weight versus deviation from integer values is calculated providing a measure of peptide or protein purity. 相似文献
78.
Tetraphenylporphyrin-sensitized photooxygenation of 2-methyl-5-trimethylsilylfuran () affords quantitatively trimethylsilyl 2-oxo-4-pentenoate (), presumably via intramolecular Baeyer-Villiger rearrangement of the intermediary dioxirane (). 相似文献
79.
S. A. Soldatova J. A. Rodriguez Alarcon A. T. Soldatenkov 《Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds》1994,30(1):69-72
High-temperature heterocyclization of -benzylisoquinolines on oxide-type catalysts gave angular indolo[2,1a] isoquinoline.For Communication 4 see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 79–82, January, 1994. 相似文献
80.
Rodriguez A Sakiyama H Masciocchi N Galli S Gálvez N Lloret F Colacio E 《Inorganic chemistry》2005,44(23):8399-8406
Three novel cyanide-bridged heterobimetallic coordination polymers have been synthesized by hydrothermal routes, in superheated water solutions, by using K3[Co(CN)6], NiCl2.6H2O, and alpha-diimine ligands: [Ni(CN)4Co(phen)] (1; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), [Ni(CN)4Co(2,2'-bipy)] (2; 2,2'-bipy = 2,2'-bipyiridine), and [Ni(CN)4Co(2,2'-bipy)2] (3). The isostructural compounds 1 and 2 contain a two-dimensional network with Co(II) centers octahedrally coordinated by one chelating 2,2'-bipy ligand and four cyanide groups of four distinct [Ni(CN)4]2-, through crystallographically equivalent, bridging units. Compound 3 contains one-dimensional zigzag chains in which the Co(II) ion is coordinated by two chelating 2,2'-bipy ligands and two cyanides from two different [Ni(CN)4]2- units cis to each other. These compounds have been fully characterized by single-crystal or unconventional powder X-ray diffraction analyses and variable-temperature magnetic measurements. 相似文献