层次分析法与人工智能相互关系的比较研究

以解决和分析宏观、复杂决策问题为主要特点的AHP方法同以解决具体、微观问题的专家系统之间有本质的联系。本文从分析和比较二者的特点出发,将不同层次的决策知识形式化地统一表示成IF-THEN型的规则,通过引入MYCIN系统中的不精确推理,来推导出所要排序的结论。这种推理与AHP中的合成算法有类似之处,但由于AHP合成时忽略了同层元素间不可避免的相关性,因而,二者在证据对结论支持的量值上略有不同。可是,在通常情况上不会导致排出次序的变化。此外,本文中所建议的方法对于准则层元素之间如果存在“与”或“或”的关系时,用推理的方法仍可求出不同的排序结果,这无疑在实际应用中具有相当的实用价值。本文所提出的方法除了保留原AHP的特点外,还对“定性推理”所需的知识获取过程有重要意义,而且,它为利用深层知识来解释浅层知识开辟了一条途径。     

A study of the density of gap states in amorphous semiconductors from thermostimulated conductivity spectra

A theoretical analysis of thermostimulated conductivity spectra _TSC(T) has been applied to determine the density of gap states g(E) in a-Si: H and a-Si: H/a-SiN _x : H multilayer structures. The results for g(E) are consistent with the results deduced from Fritzsche's analytical approach as well as other methods. A comparison has been made between the two different analytical approaches for _TSC(T). We discuss the relationship between the energy of maximum thermostimulated current emission E _m and quasi-Fermi level E _q. We demonstrate that E _q could be a better parameter than E _m in the general theoretical treatment of thermostimulated conductivity.     

Theory on the optical-phonon Raman scattering in GaAs/AlAs heterostructures

A microscopic theory of Raman scattering by optical phonons in GaAs/GaAlAs heterostructures is worked out systematically, on the basis of recent advances in our knowledge of the electronic structure and the optical-phonon modes in superlattices and quantum wells. Theories have shown that specific features of the intermediate states are of special importance for a quantitative theory. Thus, the heavy and light hole mixing effect, and the angular momentum state of the four-component excitons, can play a decisive role in determining the predominant scattering channels. Special attention has been paid to the Frolich-interaction induced scattering, which is dipole forbidden in bulk materials but allowed in multiple quantum wells owing to the barrier penetration and the hole mixing. Based on the microscopic theory, explanations are provided for such experimental facts as the asymmetry between the incoming and the outgoing resonance, the line shape of Raman spectra and the features of two-phonon Raman scattering in quantum well systems.     

Description of proton-calcium scattering using the α-particle model

The theoretical proton-⁴⁰Ca optical potential is constructed based on theα-particle model of the nucleus. With this potential, the differential cross section, analysing power and the spin rotation function for 200 MeV proton-⁴⁰Ca elastic scattering are calculated. The results are in good agreement with the experimental data.     

GaAs／AlGaAs发光二极管列阵场分布特性的电光测量

应用一种新颖的无损伤测量技术－连续波电光检测法（ＣＷＥＯＰ）对ＧａＡｓ／ＧａＡｌＡｓ单异质结发光管列阵电场分布进行了扫描测量。实验结果反映了器件内电流注入的方向和载流子扩展情况；通过比较各单元电场分布，反映器件发光均匀性。文中详细介绍了测量原理、实验装置和实验结果及讨论，最后用计算机对电场分布作了模拟计算并与实验结果进行了对照。     

利用KTP晶体实现1.08μmNd：YAP激光器锁模

本文描述了利用ＫＴＰ晶体和腔的基波输出镜构成非线性镜实现１．０８μｍＮｄ：ＹＡＰ激光器的被动锁模。实验表明，这种新的锁模技术比用染料作可饱和吸收体的被动锁模技术有很多突出的优点，具有很大的发展潜力。实验测得锁模时基波１．０８μｍ输出２．４ｍＪ，二次谐波０．５４μｍ输出０．５ｍＪ（同样条件下的静态输出为２．５ｍＪ），基波脉冲的平均脉宽为４０ｐｓ。     

富勒烯在SiO_2与SiO_2－TiO_2凝胶中的掺入及光谱特性研究

本工作以ＳｉＯ_２和ＳｉＯ_２－ＴｉＯ_２凝胶体系为基质，选择合适的溶剂，采用特定的溶胶一凝胶工艺，成功地将纯的Ｃ_（６０）和Ｃ_（６０）／Ｃ_（７０）混合物分别均匀掺入上述基质中．研究了吸收与荧光光谱特性．室温下观测到峰置位于６６０ｎｍ附近的较强荧光带．对上述光谱性质作了初步的解释．