Combining UK and German emissions monitoring proficiency testing data based on stack simulator facilities to determine whether increasingly stringent EU emission limits are enforceable

Accreditation and Quality Assurance - We report an examination of the capability of the existing measurement infrastructure in the industrial emissions sector for successfully enforcing emission...     

Modelling European quality assurance procedures for analysers monitoring emissions under the EU’s Industrial Emissions Directive

Accreditation and Quality Assurance - A model has been created to investigate the uncertainty of a gas analyser operating according to the European Standard EN 14181, which ensures that the...     

Splitting into degrees with low computational strength

We investigate the extent to which a c.e. degree can be split into two smaller c.e. degrees which are computationally weak. In contrast to a result of Bickford and Mills that ${\mathbf{0}}^{\mathbf{\prime }}$ can be split into two superlow c.e. degrees, we construct a SJT-hard c.e. degree which is not the join of two superlow c.e. degrees. We also prove that every high c.e. degree is the join of two array computable c.e. degrees, and that not every high₂ c.e. degree can be split in this way. Finally we extend a result of Downey, Jockusch and Stob by showing that no totally ω-c.a. wtt-degree can be cupped to the complete wtt-degree.     

Jet noise prediction using different turbulent scales

The turbulent energy dissipation rate time-scale and length-scale has been routinely used for the prediction of noise from turbulent flows, particularly jet streams. However, this is not the only possible choice. In general, scales evolving in a turbulent medium are threefold. First, those associated with the mean flow; second, those attributed to the turbulence and the mean flow interactions; and third, scales related to the turbulence-turbulence interactions. In this paper, special attention will be paid to further study of the underlying physics of aerodynamic noise by examining various time-scales. To do so, three time scales, namely, dissipation, production, and strain rate time scales, are defined and used in the source modelling to emphasis the effect of the turbulence structures at different jet regions on the jet noise production mechanism. The required mean value and turbulence parameters are obtained using a modified k − ∈ turbulence model, and Lighthill’s Acoustic Analogy is used for the prediction of the emanated noise. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Synthesis of 11H-Pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-11-one and Derivatives

The synthesis of 11H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-11-one (IV) and derivatives, by the condensation of o-chlorobenzoic acid and 2-aminopyridine in DMF is reported.     

Chalcone and cinnamate synthesis via one-pot enol silane formation-Mukaiyama aldol reactions of ketones and acetate esters

Aryl alkyl ketones, acetate esters, and acetamides undergo facile one-pot enol silane formation, Mukaiyama aldol addition, and dehydrosilyloxylation in the presence of an amine base and excess trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. The chalcone and cinnamate products are generally recovered in high yield. The relative stoichiometry of the trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate and amine base reagents determines whether the reaction yields the β-silyloxy carbonyl product or the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl.     

Oblique Bounce of a Rubber Ball

Measurements are presented on the oblique impact of a hollow rubber ball incident on a polished granite surface, and the results are compared with those for a solid rubber superball. The hollow ball had a much higher coefficient of sliding friction than the superball, resulting in significant differences in all bounce parameters, at all angles of incidence. The hollow ball gripped the surface at all observed angles of incidence, resulting in one or two reversals in the direction of the friction force during the impact. The friction force was measured directly, as was the rotation speed of the ball during the impact. The results show that the tangential coefficient of restitution of a ball depends on both the coefficient of sliding friction and the ratio of the tangential to the normal vibration frequency of the ball.