全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1234篇 |
免费 | 52篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 788篇 |
晶体学 | 2篇 |
力学 | 46篇 |
数学 | 195篇 |
物理学 | 261篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 17篇 |
2021年 | 41篇 |
2020年 | 28篇 |
2019年 | 22篇 |
2018年 | 18篇 |
2017年 | 27篇 |
2016年 | 53篇 |
2015年 | 43篇 |
2014年 | 50篇 |
2013年 | 60篇 |
2012年 | 62篇 |
2011年 | 82篇 |
2010年 | 35篇 |
2009年 | 39篇 |
2008年 | 73篇 |
2007年 | 74篇 |
2006年 | 87篇 |
2005年 | 67篇 |
2004年 | 51篇 |
2003年 | 36篇 |
2002年 | 42篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 19篇 |
1999年 | 15篇 |
1998年 | 16篇 |
1997年 | 11篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有1292条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
41.
Prof. Giuseppe Alibrandi Dr. Valeria Amendola Dr. Greta Bergamaschi Dr. Riccardo Dollenz Prof. Luigi Fabbrizzi Prof. Maurizio Licchelli Dr. Carmelo Lo Vecchio 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2013,19(11):3729-3734
The combined activity of the 1.1.1‐cryptand and of a dicopper(II) bistren cryptate complex including chloride makes the Cl? ion be continuously and slowly delivered to the solution, without any external intervention. The 1.1.1‐cryptand slowly releases OH? ions, according to a defined kinetics, and each OH? ion displaces a Cl? ion from the cryptate. Chloride displacement induces a sharp colour change from bright yellow to aquamarine and can be conveniently monitored spectrophotometrically, even in diluted solutions. The 1.1.1‐cryptand is the motor of a molecular dispenser (the dicopper(II) cryptate) delivering chloride ion automatically, from the inside of the solution. 相似文献
42.
Riccardo Imperatore Giuseppe Vitiello Donato Ciccarelli Gerardino D’Errico 《Journal of solution chemistry》2014,43(1):227-239
In commercial formulations, surfactants are often co-formulated with inorganic electrolytes, which are included as inexpensive thickeners. Salts affect the surfactant’s aggregative and functional behavior. However, while the electrolyte effect on the self-aggregation of ionic surfactants can be rationalized in terms of electrostatic interactions, in the case of nonionic surfactants the molecular determinants are still unclear. In this work, we investigate the effects of alkali and alkaline–earth metal chlorides on the micellization of the nonionic surfactant hexyl penta(oxyethylene) ether, C6E5, in aqueous solution. To this aim, the C6E5 intradiffusion (also named self-diffusion) coefficient in aqueous mixtures of various alkali and alkaline–earth metal chlorides was measured by pulsed gradient spin-echo NMR. The results show that all the considered electrolytes cause a decrease of the surfactant critical micellar concentration, cmc, while the micellar size is almost unaffected. The experimental evidence can be interpreted in terms of de-hydration of the apolar alkyl tails with a minor contribution arising from the dehydration of the poly(ethylene oxide) headgroups. The order of effectiveness of the different cations follows the Hofmeister series, some aspects of which are briefly discussed. 相似文献
43.
Combined Experimental and Multivariate Model Approaches for Glycoalkaloid Quantification in Tomatoes
Gabriella Tamasi Alessio Pardini Riccardo Croce Marco Consumi Gemma Leone Claudia Bonechi Claudio Rossi Agnese Magnani 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(11)
The intake of tomato glycoalkaloids can exert beneficial effects on human health. For this reason, methods for a rapid quantification of these compounds are required. Most of the methods for α-tomatine and dehydrotomatine quantification are based on chromatographic techniques. However, these techniques require complex and time-consuming sample pre-treatments. In this work, HPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS was used as reference method. Subsequently, multiple linear regression (MLR) and partial least squares regression (PLSR) were employed to create two calibration models for the prediction of the tomatine content from thermogravimetric (TGA) and attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy (IR) analyses. These two fast techniques were proven to be suitable and effective in alkaloid quantification (R2 = 0.998 and 0.840, respectively), achieving low errors (0.11 and 0.27%, respectively) with the reference technique. 相似文献
44.
A perturbative model is studied for the tunneling of many-particle states from the ground band to the first excited energy band, mimicking Landau-Zener decay for ultracold, spinless atoms in quasi-one-dimensional optical lattices subjected to a tunable tilting force. The distributions of the computed tunneling rates provide an independent and experimentally accessible signature of the regular-chaotic transition in the strongly correlated many-body dynamics of the ground band. 相似文献
45.
A. Akindinov A. Alici P. Antonioli S. Arcelli M. Basile G. Cara Romeo M. Chumakov L. Cifarelli F. Cindolo A. De Caro D. De Gruttola S. De Pasquale M. Fusco Girard C. Guarnaccia D. Hatzifotiadou H.T. Jung W.W. Jung D.W. Kim H.N. Kim J.S. Kim S. Kiselev G. Laurenti K. Lee S.C. Lee E. Lioublev M.L. Luvisetto A. Margotti A. Martemiyanov R. Nania F. Noferini P. Pagano A. Pesci R. Preghenella G. Russo E. Scapparone G. Scioli R. Silvestri Y. Sun I. Vetlitskiy K. Voloshin L. Vorobiev M.C.S. Williams B. Zagreev C. Zampolli A. Zichichi 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2007,50(2):341-352
In this work we explore the possibility to perform “effective energy” studies in very high energy collisions at the CERN large
hadron collider (LHC). In particular, we focus on the possibility to measure in pp collisions the average charged multiplicity
as a function of the effective energy with the ALICE experiment, using its capability to measure the energy of the leading
baryons with the zero degree calorimeters. Analyses of this kind have been done at lower centre-of-mass energies and have
shown that, once the appropriate kinematic variables are chosen, particle production is characterized by universal properties:
no matter the nature of the interacting particles, the final states have identical features. Assuming that this universality
picture can be extended to ion–ion collisions, as suggested by recent results from RHIC experiments, a novel approach based on the scaling hypothesis for limiting
fragmentation has been used to derive the expected charged event multiplicity in AA interactions at LHC. This leads to scenarios
where the multiplicity is significantly lower compared to most of the predictions from the models currently used to describe
high energy AA collisions. A mean charged multiplicity of about 1000–2000 per rapidity unit (at η∼0) is expected for the most
central Pb–Pb collisions at .
In memory of A. Smirnitskiy 相似文献
46.
Calegari F Valentini G Vozzi C Benedetti E Cabanillas-Gonzalez J Faenov A Gasilov S Pikuz T Poletto L Sansone G Villoresi P Nisoli M De Silvestri S Stagira S 《Optics letters》2007,32(17):2593-2595
Elemental sensitivity in soft x-ray imaging of thin foils with known thickness is observed using an ultrafast laser-plasma source and a LiF crystal as detector. Measurements are well reproduced by a simple theoretical model. This technique can be exploited for high spatial resolution, wide field of view imaging in the soft x-ray region, and it is suitable for the characterization of thin objects with thicknesses ranging from hundreds down to tens of nanometers. 相似文献
47.
Vozzi C Calegari F Benedetti E Gasilov S Sansone G Cerullo G Nisoli M De Silvestri S Stagira S 《Optics letters》2007,32(20):2957-2959
Ultrabroadband self-phase-stabilized near-IR pulses have been generated by difference-frequency generation of a filament broadened supercontinuum followed by two-stage optical parametric amplification. Pulses with energy up to 1.2 mJ and duration down to 17 fs are demonstrated. These characteristics make such a source suited as a driver for high-order harmonic generation and isolated attosecond pulse production. 相似文献
48.
Riccardo Flamini Mirko De Rosso Annarita Panighel Antonio Dalla Vedova Fabiola De Marchi Luigi Bavaresco 《Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS》2014,49(12):1214-1222
A ‘suspect screening analysis’ method for grape metabolomics by ultra‐high performance‐liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and high‐resolution quadrupole‐time of flight (QTOF) mass spectrometry was recently developed. This method was applied to study grape monoterpene glycosides, the main grape aroma precursors. Since standard compounds were not available, they were tentatively identified by overlapping various analytical approaches, in agreement with the indications recommended in mass spectrometry (MS)‐based metabolomics. Accurate mass and isotopic pattern, MS/MS fragmentation, correlation between fragments observed and putative structures and between liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry signals were studied. Seventeen monoterpene glycosides were identified without performing the hydrolytic artifacts commonly used to study these compounds which may affect sample profile. This is the first time that a detailed study of these aroma precursors has been carried out by direct LC/MS analysis. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
49.
Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Arene‐Bridged Metal–Metal‐Bonded Dimolybdenum Complexes
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Dr. Mario Carrasco Natalia Curado Dr. Eleuterio Álvarez Dr. Celia Maya Dr. Riccardo Peloso Prof. Dr. Manuel L. Poveda Dr. Amor Rodríguez Prof. Dr. Eliseo Ruiz Prof. Dr. Santiago Álvarez Prof. Dr. Ernesto Carmona 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(20):6092-6102
The bis(hydride) dimolybdenum complex, [Mo2(H)2{HC(N‐2,6‐iPr2C6H3)2}2(thf)2], 2 , which possesses a quadruply bonded Mo2II core, undergoes light‐induced (365 nm) reductive elimination of H2 and arene coordination in benzene and toluene solutions, with formation of the MoI2 complexes [Mo2{HC(N‐2,6‐iPr2C6H3)2}2(arene)], 3?C6H6 and 3?C6H5Me , respectively. The analogous C6H5OMe, p‐C6H4Me2, C6H5F, and p‐C6H4F2 derivatives have also been prepared by thermal or photochemical methods, which nevertheless employ different Mo2 complex precursors. X‐ray crystallography and solution NMR studies demonstrate that the molecule of the arene bridges the molybdenum atoms of the MoI2 core, coordinating to each in an η2 fashion. In solution, the arene rotates fast on the NMR timescale around the Mo2‐arene axis. For the substituted aromatic hydrocarbons, the NMR data are consistent with the existence of a major rotamer in which the metal atoms are coordinated to the more electron‐rich C?C bonds. 相似文献
50.
Alessio Mezzi Eleonora Bolli Saulius Kaciulis Matteo Mastellone Marco Girolami Valerio Serpente Alessandro Bellucci Riccardo Carducci Riccardo Polini Daniele M. Trucchi 《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2020,52(12):968-974
Thin films of barium fluorides with different thicknesses were deposited on GaAs substrate by electron beam evaporation. The aim of the work was to identify the best growth conditions for the production of coatings with a low work function suitable for the anode of hybrid thermionic-photovoltaic (TIPV) devices. The chemical composition and work function φ of the films with different thicknesses were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS). The lowest value of φ = 2.1 eV was obtained for the film with a thickness of ~2 nm. In the valence band spectra of the films at low kinetic energy, near the cutoff, a characteristic peak of negative electron affinity was present. This effect contributed to a further reduction of the film's work function. 相似文献