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91.
A. Cerdán Vidal A. R. Maurí Aucejo M. Llobat Estellés C. Pascual Martí J. Simeón Martí 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1994,350(12):706-711
The possibility of identification of substances which have similar spectral behaviour by means of Apparent Content Curves has been studied. This study is carried out with absorption, excitation and emission spectra of several amphetamines of widespread pharmaceutical use. Results obtained show that amphetamine, phenylpropanolamine, pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine, epinephrine, dopamine and methoxyamphetamine can be identified with a probability of >95%. 相似文献
92.
Oxyethylene macrocyclic compounds (crown-ethers) act as ligands of intracrystalline cations of certain layered silicates as montmorillonites. Stable intercalation materials are formed which are used to prepare organic-inorganic membranes by encapsulating these intercalation compounds with a poly-butadiene thin coating. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is used to study the resulting composite membranes in contact with aqueous electrolytes. From the impedance plots, the ionic resistance of the membranes is obtained. The thickness of the polybutadiene coating is an important factor determining the ability of ions to pass across the membrane. Marked differences in the ionic resistance are observed as a function of the nature of the interlayer macrocyclic compound. For non-intercalated montmorillonite membranes, the ionic resistance is strongly reduced, whereas for some crown-ether intercalated materials such as 18-crown-6 and dibenzo 24-crown-8, iono-selective membranes are obtained. Concerning the nature of the electrolyte, cations exhibiting greater hydration energies show higher difficulties to pass through the membrane and, consequently, the ionic resistance increases. 相似文献
93.
94.
R. López-Martens J. Mauritsson P. Johnsson K. Varjú A. L’Huillier W. Kornelis J. Biegert U. Keller M. Gaarde K. Schafer 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2004,78(7-8):835-840
We characterize the temporal structure of high-order harmonic radiation on both the femtosecond and attosecond time scales. The harmonic emission is characterized by mixed-color two-photon ionization with an infrared femtosecond laser using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer where both pump and probe arms travel completely separate paths. In a first experiment, we measure the duration and chirp of individual harmonics. In a second experiment, we resolve, for the first time with this type of setup, the attosecond beating of several harmonics generated under conditions similar to the first experiment. We suggest that the results of both measurements can be combined to determine the full attosecond time structure of the harmonic emission. PACS 32.80.Rm; 42.65.Ky 相似文献
95.
The Gaussian property of the Brownian bridge is characterized as an application of Ramachandran's theorem in terms of the independence of the random variables that appear in the Karhunen-Loéve expansion of the process. A reference about the construction of the Brownian bridge by means of functional transformations is also included. 相似文献
96.
Gianpiero Cattaneo Giuseppe Nisticó 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》1992,31(10):1873-1898
We give a criterion to compare the physical content of different mathematical structures derived from a preparation-question structure. Then this criterion is used in order to compare the physical content of the (Jauch-Piron's) property lattice with the physical content of the poset of testable properties. We prove that for complete preparation-question structures these two structures carry the same physical content; moreover the set of testable properties has the algebraic structure of the Brouwer-Zadeh lattice. For more general preparation-question structures the physical content of the poset of testable property can be larger than that of the property lattice. Physically relevant examples of the possible cases are given. 相似文献
97.
Angla Schwartz Lszl Szab Katalin Pusztay-Szab Istvn Hermecz Zoltn Mszros 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1987,24(3):655-660
Ultraviolet-visible spectra of 4-oxo 1 and 4-imino 2 quinolizines or their monocyclic tautomers 3, 4 have been studied in neutral, acidic and basic ethanolic solution as well as in dimethyl sulfoxide and chloroform. Ring B of 4-oxo and 6-unsubstituted 4-imino compounds can be cleaved by sodium ethanolate more or less easily. Ring B of 6-methyl-4-iminoquinolizines is very unstable and they are present mainly in the monocyclic form which are partly dissociated in ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide especially in higher dilution or in the presence of sodium ethanolate. In dilute acidic ethanol or chloroform, the dissociation is suppressed and in the latter solvent and in some cases, absorption bands can be observed due to a small amount of the 4-imino-6-methylquinolizines. In acidic solution of compounds 3B=C, 3D, 4E, 4F=G having simultaneously cyano and ethoxycarbonyl groups in 1 and 3 position, not simple reprotonation occurs but irreversible changes can be observed. 相似文献
98.
Jürgen Kurths M. Carmen Romano Marco Thiel Grigory V. Osipov Mikhail V. Ivanchenko István Z. Kiss John L. Hudson 《Nonlinear dynamics》2006,44(1-4):135-149
We present two different approaches to detect and quantify phase synchronization in the case of coupled non-phase coherent
oscillators. The first one is based on the general idea of curvature of an arbitrary curve. The second one is based on recurrences
of the trajectory in phase space. We illustrate both methods in the paradigmatic example of the R?ssler system in the funnel
regime. We show that the second method is applicable even in the case of noisy data. Furthermore, we extend the second approach
to the application of chains of coupled systems, which allows us to detect easily clusters of synchronized oscillators. In
order to illustrate the applicability of this approach, we show the results of the algorithm applied to experimental data
from a population of 64 electrochemical oscillators. 相似文献
99.
Katalytische Epoxidierung und 1,2‐Dihydroxylierung von Olefinen mit Bispidin‐Eisen(II)/H2O2‐Systemen
100.
The tunneling of single electrons in small capacitance tunnel junctions is influenced by charging effects and by the fluctuations of the elecromagnetic environment. We study the effect of an external circuit with arbitrary impedance on the tunneling of quasiparticles and Cooper pairs in voltage driven Josephson junctions. We present results at finite temperatures and also consider an acdriven system. 相似文献